Download or read book Practical Guide to Polyethylene written by Cornelia Vasile and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practical guide begins with general background to the polyethylene family, with price, production and market share information. It describes the basic types of polyethylene including virgin and filled polyethylene, copolymers, block and graft polymers and composites, and reviews the types of additives used in polyethylene. It gives the low down on the properties, including, amongst others, rheological, mechanical, chemical, thermal, and electrical properties. It goes on to describe the processing issues and conditions for the wide range of techniques used for polyethylene, and also considers post-processing and assembly issues. It offers guidance on product design and development issues, including materials selection. It is an indispensable resource for everyone working with this material.

Download or read book Practical Guide to Polypropylene written by Devesh Tripathi and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polypropylene is now the third largest consumed plastic material after polyethylene and polyvinyl chloride. This book discusses the advantages and disadvantages of working with polypropylene, offering practical comment on the available types of polypropylene, its mechanical properties and in-service performance, and processing. Comparisons with other common plastics are also provided, which highlight the advantages of this polyolefin.

Download or read book Practical Guide to Polyvinyl Chloride written by Stuart Patrick and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2005 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) has been around since the late part of the 19th century, although it was not produced commercially until the 1920s; it is the second largest consumed plastic material after polyethylene. PVC products can be rigid or flexible, opaque or transparent, coloured, and insulating or conducting. There is not just one PVC but a whole family of products tailor-made to suit the needs of each application. PVC is extremely cost effective in comparison to other plastics with a high degree of versatility in end-use and processing possibilities, as the reader will note from this book. It is durable, easily maintained, and can be produced in a large range of colours. As a result PVC finds use in an extensive range of applications in virtually all areas of human activity, including medical equipment, construction applications such as flexible roof membranes, pipes and window profiles, toys, automotive parts and electrical cabling. The PVC industry has also started to tackle some of its end-of-life issues. This practical guide provides comprehensive background on the resins and additives, their properties and processing characteristics, as well as discussion of product design and development issues. There have been, and still are, issues and perceptions over environmental and health acceptance covering vinyl chloride monomer, dioxins, phthalate plasticisers, and lead (and cadmium) based heat stabilisers and these are discussed in depth in this book. This book will be of interest to raw materials suppliers and processors or end-users of PVC, as well as anyone with a general interest in this versatile material: resins and additives properties and testing design issues processing, including post processing and assembly property enhancement sustainable development

Download or read book Practical Guide to the Assessment of the Useful Life of Plastics written by R. Brown and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After price and delivery time, the most frequently asked question about a product is 'How long will it last?' Lifetime expectancy is often many years, the service conditions may be complex, and there is a scarcity of definitive data on durability. The situation is complicated by the fact that there are a vast number of degradation agents, service conditions, properties of importance and different plastics. There are many inherent difficulties in designing durability tests. In many cases, the time scale involved is such that accelerated test conditions are essential. Whilst large amounts of durability data are generated by accelerated methods, much of it is only useful for quality control purposes and relatively little has been validated as being realistically capable of representing service. Most assessments of the lifetime of plastics are made by considering some measure of performance, such as impact strength, and specifying some lower limit for the property, which is taken as the end point. Lifetime is not necessarily measured in time. For example, for some products it will be thought of as the number of cycles of use. The object of this publication is to provide practical guidance on assessing the useful service life of plastics. It describes test procedures and extrapolation techniques together with the inherent limitations and problems. The Guide aims to make available the wealth of information that can be applied to help maximise the effectiveness of a durability-testing programme. This guide seeks to be comprehensive but concentrates on the most common environmental effects causing degradation. The test procedures used are outlined and the relevant textbooks and international standards are well referenced. Examples of lifetime testing studies are cited. The Practical Guide will be useful for anyone responsible for designing, manufacturing or testing plastic components. It will also be of benefit to suppliers and users of end products, as assessment of useful lifetime is critical to the economics and safety aspects of any component. Key features Test methods outlined Accelerated testing discussed Prediction methods described Standards cited Key sources of information listed

Download or read book A Practical Guide to Plastics Sustainability written by Michel Biron and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2020-04-18 with total page 691 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Practical Guide to Plastics Sustainability: Concept, Solutions, and Implementation is a groundbreaking reference work offering a broad, detailed and highly practical vision of the complex concept of sustainability in plastics. The book's aim is to present a range of potential pathways towards more sustainable plastics parts and products, enabling the reader to further integrate the idea of sustainability into their design process. It begins by introducing the context and concept of sustainability, discussing perceptions, drivers of change, key factors, and environmental issues, before presenting a detailed outline of the current situation with types of plastics, processing, and opportunities for improved sustainability. Subsequent chapters focus on the different possibilities for improved sustainability, offering a step-by-step technical approach to areas including design, properties, renewable plastics, and recycling and re-use. Each of these pillars are supported by data, examples, analysis and best practice guidance. Finally, the latest developments and future possibilities are considered. Approaches the idea of sustainability from numerous angles, offering practical solutions to improve sustainability in the development of plastic components and products Explains how sustainability can be applied across plastics design, materials selection, processing, and end of life, all set alongside socioeconomic factors Considers key areas of innovation, such as eco-design, novel opportunities for recycling or re-use, bio-based polymers and new technologies

Download or read book Handbook of Plastics Joining written by Michael J. Troughton and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2008-10-17 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The new edition of this bestselling reference provides fully updated and detailed descriptions of plastics joining processes, plus an extensive compilation of data on joining specific materials. The volume is divided into two main parts: processes and materials. The processing section has 18 chapters, each explaining a different joining technique. The materials section has joining information for 25 generic polymer families. Both sections contain data organized according to the joining methods used for that material. A significant and extensive update from experts at The Welding Institute A systematic approach to discussing each joining method including: process, advantages and disadvantages, applications, materials, equipment, joint design, and welding parameters Includes international suppliers’ directory and glossary of key joining terms Includes new techniques such as flash free welding and friction stir welding Covers thermoplastics, thermosets, elastomers, and rubbers.

Download or read book Additives for Polyolefins written by Michael Tolinski and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2015-03-17 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additives for Polyolefins is a unique quick-reference resource for those who create or use polyethylene and polypropylene compounds—the most commercially important family of plastic materials, making up close to half of the volume all plastics produced and used. These polymers would be useless without various additives. The book focuses on polyolefin additives that are currently important in the plastics industry, alongside new additives of increasing interest, such as nanofillers and environmentally sustainable materials. As much as possible, each chapter emphasises the performance of the additives in the polymer, and the value each relevant additive brings to polypropylene or polyethylene. Where possible, similar additives are compared by capability and relative cost. In this new edition, product tables have been updated with the most current product and company names, new case studies have been added, the role of nanofillers is discussed in greater detail, and the book concludes with a discussion on blending and handling additives, along with an entirely new chapter on how engineers can approach the issue of sustainability when choosing an additive. Assesses capabilities and costs of a range of additives to enable engineers and scientists to make the correct selection for their property requirements Provides concise, practical information about the purpose and use of specific additives, fillers, and reinforcements – demystifying the world of additives by providing clear, engineering explanations, and including real-world application case stories Updated to include additional material on nanofillers, blending and handling, and sustainability

Download or read book Practical Guide to Blow Moulding written by N. C. Lee and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 2006 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Blow moulding is a manufacturing process used to form hollow plastic parts. It evolved from the ancient art of glass blowing and it is used to particular advantage with plastic materials. Celluloid was used first to blow mould baby rattles and novelties in the 1930s, linear low-density polyethylene was used in the 1940s for high production bottles and these days polyethylene terephthalate is used to make anything from soda bottles, to highly sophisticated multilayered containers and automotive fuel tanks in the last decade. When designing a product it is important to consider aspects such as a material's characteristics, the processing methods available, the assembly and finishing procedures, and the life cycle and expected performance of the product. This book presents the basics of blow moulding as well as the latest state-of-the-art and science of the industry. A key feature is the approach of discussing the 'basics' and then taking the reader through the entire process from design development through to final production.

Download or read book Practical Guide to Antimicrobial Active Packaging written by Rafael Gavara and published by Smithers Pira. This book was released on 2015-10-13 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antimicrobial packaging systems are those that beneficially interact with the food or with the surrounding environment, inhibiting microorganism growth or reducing their counts to improve the quality and extend the shelf-life of industrially produced foods. They have undoubtedly become a fully accepted alternative to the direct addition of preservatives to foods, with excellent future prospects.This book will help develop a working knowledge and understanding of antimicrobial packaging, it includes a description of the antimicrobial agents most commonly used and their mechanisms of action, the manufacturing methods available to fabricate the active system, the critical parameters to make an effective product and the tools to optimise them, and the various in vitro and in vivo methods for measuring the goodness of the antimicrobial system for validation purposes.The reader will develop the ability to understand why a specific agent is selected for a particular food product, or why a specific polymeric material and manufacturing technology are chosen. The reader will also become familiar with the different procedures for improving the activity of the packaging solution that is being developed and ways of testing its efficacy. This will accelerate the formulation of the active packaging concept, reducing development-time with respect to the trial and error processes common in many literature reports. Finally, it will help to identify the best and most cost-effective solutions. This volume is intended to be a practical guide to antimicrobial packaging and a quick reference for students and researchers from both academia and industry.

Download or read book Practical Guide to Rotational Moulding Second Edition written by Roy J Crawford and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2012-07-02 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rotational moulding (also called rotomoulding or rotocasting), is a low pressure, high temperature manufacturing process that offers a very competitive alternative to blow moulding, thermoforming and injection moulding for the manufacture of hollow plastic parts. It offers designers the chance to produce relatively stress-free articles, with uniform wall thickness and potentially complex shapes. This second edition of the very popular Practical Guide to Rotational Moulding describes the basic aspects of the process and the latest state-of-the-art developments in the industry. It is completely revised and is extensively illustrated.This guide will be of interest both to students of polymer processing and those who work with rotational moulding equipment.

Download or read book Practical Guide to Water Blown Cellular Polymers written by Chris Defonseka and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2016-05-10 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cellular polymers or foamed polymers are an important branch of plastics and are an essential part of daily life. Some of the major sectors of use are bedding, automotive, building construction, furniture, sound/thermal insulation, and packaging.Due to growing global concerns with regard to air pollution, research has led to the fascinating concept of using water as the sole blowing agent to create cellular foams as an alternative to traditional petroleum-based blowing agents (which contribute to air pollution). This strategy has created other possibilities of better and safer foams, and reduced costs are also considerable.With over 45 years of hands-on experience, the author provides in-depth knowledge of water-blown cellular polymers, from their chemistry to formulation and process methodology to produce quality foams. This exciting new phase of the polymer industry is presented in detail with regard to manufacture of standard foams as well as specialty foams. Such descriptions are based on new and emerging technologies, including the challenges and solutions foam producers must face with formulations as well as recommendations for machinery and equipment.This is a comprehensive presentation of all aspects of the technology required to produce water-blown cellular foams with different polymers to meet market demands. This book provides theoretical and practical information as well as guidance, and is an ideal source of information for libraries, students, teachers, foam producers and entrepreneurs.

Download or read book Polylactic Acid written by Lee Tin Sin and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2019-06-15 with total page 422 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polylactic Acid: A Practical Guide for the Processing, Manufacturing, and Applications of PLA, Second Edition, provides a practical guide for engineers and scientists working in PLA and on the development of emerging new products. The current market situation for PLA and biodegradable polymers is described, along with applications across a range of market sectors. In addition, the mechanical, chemical, thermal, rheology and degradation properties are included. Updates include new chapters covering various processing methods, as well as recycling methods, and additives and processing aids. New applications cover a range of products (including 3D Printing), and an environmental assessment, including regulatory aspects. The book is not only a useful introduction to this topic, but also a practical, readily applicable reference book that will support decision-making in the plastics industry. Presents an essential reference for engineers, scientists and product designers considering switching to a sustainable plastic Covers the properties, synthesis and polymerization of PLA, along with processing techniques involved in fabricating parts from this polymer Includes critical new chapters on processing, additives, recycling and environmental considerations relating to PLA

Download or read book Thermoplastic Material Selection written by Eric R. Larson and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2015-04-30 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermoplastic Material Selection: A Practical Guide presents current information on how proper material selection is a critical component of any manufactured product. The text is a practical guide to a difficult process, giving the reader a fundamental grounding in thermoplastic materials and providing the tools they need to save time, money, and frustration. The book provides an overview of the most commonly used thermoplastic materials, including discussions of the different chemical families, plastics categories, and material grades - and the implications of these differences on the material selection process. It provides fresh insights on the traditional methods of material selection based on performance and cost, and also discusses the use of non-traditional methods based on subjective evaluation. Subsequent sections include references on tools that can be used to conduct further exploration, how to accurately select the most suitable material, writing an effective material specification, and working with material suppliers and distributors. Presents current information on how proper thermoplastics material selection is a critical component of any manufactured product A practical guide to a difficult process, giving the reader a fundamental grounding in thermoplastics material selection and providing the tools they need to save time, money, and frustration Delivers insights on the traditional methods of material selection based on performance and cost, and introduces nontraditional methods based on size, form, appearance, and feel

Download or read book Practical Guide to Rotational Moulding written by Roy J Crawford and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-10-08 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Practical Guide to Rotational Moulding, Third Edition, takes a step-by-step approach to rotomoulding, covering applications, moulds, machinery, materials, and design. This third edition has been thoroughly revised to include the latest advances, including novel materials and moulds, new products, and automation. The book begins with a chapter that introduces the rotational moulding process, analyses advantages and disadvantages, and explores common applications for rotomoulded products. The subsequent chapters provide detailed, methodical coverage of moulds, machinery, materials, and design for functionality, supported by clear illustrations and diagrams. Finally, challenges and future developments are discussed. This hands-on technical guide helps engineers, designers and practitioners to understand all aspects of rotomoulding, with the aim of producing performant end products and parts, with uniform wall thickness and potentially in complex shapes. The book is also of great interest to professionals across the plastics industry, as well as researchers and advanced students in plastics engineering, industrial design, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering, and materials science and engineering. Provides a strong fundamental understanding of all aspects of the rotational moulding process, from material to finished product Offers a highly practical combination of technical content and clear illustrations Covers the latest developments in rotomoulding, including novel materials and moulds, new products, and automated systems

Download or read book Handbook of Troubleshooting Plastics Processes written by John R. Wagner, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-19 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a framework for understanding how to characterize plastic manufacturing processes for use in troubleshooting problems. The 21 chapters are authored by well-known and experienced engineers who have specialized knowledge about the processes covered in this practical guide. From the Preface: “In every chapter, the process is described and the most common problems are discussed along with the root causes and potential technical solutions. Numerous case studies are provided that illustrate the troubleshooting process. Mark A. Spalding, The Dow Chemical Company

Download or read book A Guide to Polymeric Geomembranes written by John Scheirs and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-08-27 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geomembranes are flexible polymeric sheets which are used as relatively impermeable liners to contain liquid and vapour. With uses ranging from canal liners to hazard waste landfills, they are used extensively in a range of industries such as water conservation, mining, construction and waste management. A Guide to Polymeric Geomembranes: A Practical Approach offers an informed overview of the developments in this field and includes: Detailed discussion of the major geomembrane types Manufacturing methods Key performance properties Industrial applications Testing and chemical resistance of geomembranes Failure analysis methodology Written by a polymer research specialist with more than fifteen years experience in industry, this practical handbook covers the manufacture, use, installation, durability, lifespan and performance of geomembranes. It covers all the information required to enable the reader to select the most suitable geomembrane material for the job. This book is a useful reference for engineers and professionals in industry, environmental consultants, polymer and materials scientists, and government agencies and policy makers. It is of particular interest to those designing, commissioning and operating waste management sites, landfills, mine leachate ponds and water containment facilities.

Download or read book ARBURG Practical Guide to Injection Moulding written by Vannessa Goodship and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2017-02-27 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book details the factors involved in the injection moulding process, from material properties and selection to troubleshooting faults, and includes the equipment types currently in use and machine settings for different types of plastics. Material flow is a critical parameter in moulding and there are sections covering rheology and viscosity. High temperature is also discussed as it can lead to poor quality mouldings due to material degradation.The text is supported by 74 tables, many of which list key properties and processing parameters, and 233 figures; there are also many photographs of machinery and mouldings to illustrate key points. Troubleshooting flow charts are also included to indicate what should be changed to resolve common problems.Injection moulding in the Western World is becoming increasingly competitive as the manufacturing base for many plastic materials has moved to the East. Thus, Western manufacturers have moved into more technically difficult products and mouldings to provide enhanced added value and maintain market share. Technology is becoming more critical, together with innovation and quality control. There is a chapter on advanced processing in injection moulding covering multimaterial and assisted moulding technologies. This guide will help develop good technical skills and appropriate processing techniques for the range of plastics and products in the marketplace.Every injection moulder will find useful information in this text, in addition, this book will be of use to experts looking to fill gaps in their knowledge base as well as those new to the industry.ARBURG has been manufacturing injection moulding machines since 1954 and is one of the major global players. The company prides itself on the support offered to clients, which is exemplified in its training courses. This book is based on some of the training material and hence is based on years of experience.