Download or read book Power efficient Analog Systems to Perform Signal processing Using Floating gate MOS Device for Portable Applications written by Ravi Chawla and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Digital Signal Processors (DSPs) have been an important component of all signal processing systems for over two decades now. Some of the obvious advantages of digital signal processing are the flexibility to make specific changes in the processing functions through hardware or software programming, faster processing speeds of the DSPs, cheaper storage, and retrieval of digital information and lower sensitivity to electrical noise. The explosive growth of wireless and signal processing applications has resulted in an increasing demand for such systems with low cost, low power consumption, and small form factors. With high--level of integration to single--chip systems, power consumption becomes a very important concern to be addressed. Intermediate--Frequency (IF) band signal processing requires the use of an array of DSPs, operating in parallel, to meet the speed requirements. This is a power intensive approach and makes use of certain communication schemes impractical in applications where power budget is limited. The front--end ADC and back--end DAC converters required in these systems become expensive when the signal is of wideband nature and a greater resolution is required. We present techniques to use floating--gate devices to implement signal processing systems in the analog domain in a power efficient and cost effective manner. Use of floating--gate devices mitigates key limitations in analog signal processing such as the lack of flexibility to specific changes in processing functions and the lack of programmability. This will impact the way a variety of signal processing systems are designed currently. It also enables array signal processing to be done in an area efficient manner. As will be shown through sample applications, this methodology promises to replace expensive wideband ADC and DAC converters with relatively easy to implement baseband data converters and an array of power intensive high speed DSPs with baseband DSPs. This approach is especially beneficial for portable systems where a lot of applications are running from a single battery.
Download or read book Event Based Neuromorphic Systems written by Shih-Chii Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-02-16 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Neuromorphic electronic engineering takes its inspiration from the functioning of nervous systems to build more power efficient electronic sensors and processors. Event-based neuromorphic systems are inspired by the brain's efficient data-driven communication design, which is key to its quick responses and remarkable capabilities. This cross-disciplinary text establishes how circuit building blocks are combined in architectures to construct complete systems. These include vision and auditory sensors as well as neuronal processing and learning circuits that implement models of nervous systems. Techniques for building multi-chip scalable systems are considered throughout the book, including methods for dealing with transistor mismatch, extensive discussions of communication and interfacing, and making systems that operate in the real world. The book also provides historical context that helps relate the architectures and circuits to each other and that guides readers to the extensive literature. Chapters are written by founding experts and have been extensively edited for overall coherence. This pioneering text is an indispensable resource for practicing neuromorphic electronic engineers, advanced electrical engineering and computer science students and researchers interested in neuromorphic systems. Key features: Summarises the latest design approaches, applications, and future challenges in the field of neuromorphic engineering. Presents examples of practical applications of neuromorphic design principles. Covers address-event communication, retinas, cochleas, locomotion, learning theory, neurons, synapses, floating gate circuits, hardware and software infrastructure, algorithms, and future challenges.
Download or read book Analog Applications of Floating Gate Mos Transistor written by Sudhanshu S. Jamuar and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2010-06 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FGMOS, a MOSFET with an additional electrically isolated gate known as floating-gate, has been used in digital circuit design for quite some time with applications in the design of memories. The charge stored on the floating-gate affects the conductivity of the channel and in turn alters the threshold voltage. This imparts programmability to threshold voltage of a FGMOS to make it suitable for low voltage analog circuit structures. Analog circuit structures and their applications in analog signal processing based on standard FGMOS technology at a nominal supply voltage of ± 0.75 V has been presented. The FGMOS based structures developed include Current Mirrors, Voltage Buffers and Current Conveyors (CCs). Further, CCs have been used in realizing gyrator, inductance simulation and capacitance multiplier. Active filters (all-pass, low-pass, band-pass, notch filters) have also been designed and their characteristics evaluated. All the investigations on these structures have been verified through PSpice simulations using level 3 model parameters for 0.5 m CMOS technology.
Download or read book Floating Gate Based Large scale Field programmable Analog Arrays for Analog Signal Processing written by Christopher M. Twigg and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large-scale reconfigurable and programmable analog devices provide a new option for prototyping and synthesizing analog circuits for analog signal processing and beyond. Field-programmable analog arrays (FPAAs) built upon floating gate transistor technologies provide the analog reconfigurability and programmability density required for large-scale devices on a single integrated circuit (IC). A wide variety of synthesized circuits, such as OTA followers, band-pass filters, and capacitively coupled summation/difference circuits, were measured to demonstrate the flexibility of FPAAs. Three generations of devices were designed and tested to verify the viability of such floating gate based large-scale FPAAs. Various architectures and circuit topologies were also designed and tested to explore the trade-offs present in reconfigurable analog systems. In addition, large-scale FPAAs have been incorporated into class laboratory exercises, which provide students with a much broader range of circuit and IC design experiences than have been previously possible. By combining reconfigurable analog technologies with an equivalent large-scale digital device, such as a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), an extremely powerful and flexible mixed signal development system can be produced that will enable all of the benefits possible through cooperative analog/digital signal processing (CADSP).
Download or read book Low Power CMOS Design written by Anantha Chandrakasan and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1998-02-11 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This collection of important papers provides a comprehensive overview of low-power system design, from component technologies and circuits to architecture, system design, and CAD techniques. LOW POWER CMOS DESIGN summarizes the key low-power contributions through papers written by experts in this evolving field.
Download or read book Floating Gate Devices Operation and Compact Modeling written by Paolo Pavan and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-05-08 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Floating Gate Devices: Operation and Compact Modeling focuses on standard operations and compact modeling of memory devices based on Floating Gate architecture. Floating Gate devices are the building blocks of Flash, EPROM, EEPROM memories. Flash memories, which are the most versatile nonvolatile memories, are widely used to store code (BIOS, Communication protocol, Identification code,) and data (solid-state Hard Disks, Flash cards for digital cameras,). The reader, who deals with Floating Gate memory devices at different levels - from test-structures to complex circuit design - will find an essential explanation on device physics and technology, and also circuit issues which must be fully understood while developing a new device. Device engineers will use this book to find simplified models to design new process steps or new architectures. Circuit designers will find the basic theory to understand the use of compact models to validate circuits against process variations and to evaluate the impact of parameter variations on circuit performances. Floating Gate Devices: Operation and Compact Modeling is meant to be a basic tool for designing the next generation of memory devices based on FG technologies.
Download or read book The Design of Low Voltage Low Power Sigma Delta Modulators written by Shahriar Rabii and published by Springer. This book was released on 1999 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oversampling techniques based on sigma-delta modulation are widely used to implement the analog/digital interfaces in CMOS VLSI technologies. This approach is relatively insensitive to imperfections in the manufacturing process and offers numerous advantages for the realization of high-resolution analog-to-digital (A/D) converters in the low-voltage environment that is increasingly demanded by advanced VLSI technologies and by portable electronic systems. In The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators, an analysis of power dissipation in sigma-delta modulators is presented, and a low-voltage implementation of a digital-audio performance A/D converter based on the results of this analysis is described. Although significant power savings can typically be achieved in digital circuits by reducing the power supply voltage, the power dissipation in analog circuits actually tends to increase with decreasing supply voltages. Oversampling architectures are a potentially power-efficient means of implementing high-resolution A/D converters because they reduce the number and complexity of the analog circuits in comparison with Nyquist-rate converters. In fact, it is shown that the power dissipation of a sigma-delta modulator can approach that of a single integrator with the resolution and bandwidth required for a given application. In this research the influence of various parameters on the power dissipation of the modulator has been evaluated and strategies for the design of a power-efficient implementation have been identified. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators begins with an overview of A/D conversion, emphasizing sigma-delta modulators. It includes a detailed analysis of noise in sigma-delta modulators, analyzes power dissipation in integrator circuits, and addresses practical issues in the circuit design and testing of a high-resolution modulator. The Design of Low-Voltage, Low-Power Sigma-Delta Modulators will be of interest to practicing engineers and researchers in the areas of mixed-signal and analog integrated circuit design.
Download or read book Electrical Electronics Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 2304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analog Systems for Microprocessors and Minicomputers written by Patrick H. Garrett and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1978 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrical transducers. Instrumentation amplifiers. Active filters. Signal conditioning operations. Analog signal processing. Data conversion systems. Signal transmission methods. Process controllers. Electronic power supplies. Reliability of electronic systems. Gain, bandwidth, and distortion measurements. Review of decibels. Signal plus noise conversion.
Download or read book Circuit Performance and Security Enhancement Using Analog Floating Gates and Process Optimization written by Sai Govinda Rao Nimmalapudi and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this research we focus on applications of Analog Floating Gate (AFG) devices. These are programmable memory cells that are precisely adjustable over a wide range of voltage. They can be used to improve the performance, matching and security of Integrated Circuits (ICs) while also reducing power. AFG lends itself to correcting mismatch and variability in sub 130nm IC technologies, and we evaluate a new method to minimize offset in Op-Amps and develop new circuits for very low power voltage reference and voltage supervisor circuit design. AFG is also a particularly interesting option for security enhancement and we evaluate circuits that use AFGs to complicate unauthorized use of ICs. We also evaluate a process optimization technique named Oxygen Insertion (OI) technology that utilizes the existing manufacturing and offers low-power solution with embedded SRAM. A demonstration of improvement in yield performance of SRAM with OI technology is also given. OI can also be used to improve performance of AFG devices.
Download or read book Special Issue on Floating gate Devices Circuits and Systems written by ISCAS (1999, Orlando, Fla.) and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proceedings written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Analog Signal Generation for Built In Self Test of Mixed Signal Integrated Circuits written by Gordon W. Roberts and published by Springer. This book was released on 1995-04-30 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text is a concise introduction to a new signal generation technique. It describes an oversampling-based oscillator capable of generating high-precision analogue tones using a combination of digital logic and D/A conversion.
Download or read book Low voltage and low power analog and digital design with the floating gate MOS transistor FGMOS written by Esther Olivia Rodríguez Villegas and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Methods of Analog to digital Conversion in Power Constrained Signal Processing Systems written by Joel Alan Kennedy and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Large Scale Reconfigurable Analog System Design Enabled Through Floating gate Transistors written by Jordan D. Gray and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work is concerned with the implementation and implication of non-volatile charge storage on VLSI system design. To that end, the floating-gate pFET (fg-pFET) is considered in the context of large-scale arrays. The programming of the element in an efficient and predictable way is essential to the implementation of these systems, and is thus explored. The overhead of the control circuitry for the fg-pFET, a key scalability issue, is examined. A light-weight, trend-accurate model is absolutely necessary for VLSI system design and simulation, and is also provided. Finally, several reconfigurable and reprogrammable systems that were built are discussed.
Download or read book High Performance Analog Circuit Design Using Floating gate Techniques written by Guillermo J. Serrano and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The programmability property of floating-gate transistors is exploited in this work to compensate for mismatch and device parameter variations in various high performance analog circuits. A careful look is taken at the characteristics and behavior of floating-gate transistors; issues such as programming, precision, accuracy, and charge retention are addressed. An alternate approach to reduce the offset voltage of the amplifier is presented. The proposed approach uses floating-gate transistors as programmable current sources that provide offset compensation while being a part of the amplifier of interest during normal operation. This results in an offset voltage cancelation that is independent of other amplifier parameters and does not dissipate additional power. Two compact programmable architectures that implement a voltage reference based on the charge difference between two floating-gate transistors are introduced. The references exhibit a low temperature coefficient (TC) as all the transistors temperature dependencies are canceled. Programming the charge on the floating-gate transistors provides the flexibility of an arbitrary accurate voltage reference with a single design and allows for a high initial accuracy of the reference. Also, this work presents a novel programmable temperature compensated current reference. The proposed circuit achieves a first order temperature compensation by canceling the negative TC of an on-chip poly resistor with the positive TC of a MOS transistor operating in the ohmic region. Programmability of the ohmic resistor enables optimal temperature compensation while programmability of the reference voltage allows for an accurate current reference for a wide range of values. Finally, this work combines the already established DAC design techniques with floating-gate circuits to obtain a high precision converter. This approach enables higher accuracy along with a substantial decrease of the die size.
