Download or read book Poverty and Exclusion of Minorities in China and India written by A.S. Bhalla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-10-04 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, a second edition, includes new data from the 2010 Census of India and NSS reports on consumer expenditure (2011-12), health and education (2014) to examine poverty in China and India, and how it connects with minorities. Poverty has generally become less acute in both China and India, thanks to an impressively rapid growth especially between 2010 and 2015 when the rest of the world including the US and the EU slowed down following the economic recession of 2008. But the issues of income and non-income inequalities (especially malnutrition in India), marginalization and social exclusion remain as acute as ever in both countries. As well as the use of new primary material in every chapter, the book also critically examines new relevant studies and responds to global perspectives on minority issues. It canvasses a broad range of subjects from global terrorism and civil wars in Libya and Syria, to the Arab Spring and the emergence of Islamic fundamentalism and the Islamic State (ISIS).

Download or read book Poverty and Exclusion of Minorities in China and India written by A. Bhalla and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-11-14 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Muslim minorities in China and India form only a small fraction of their respective populations, yet as they principally live in troubled border states, they are of key strategic importance in the war on terror. In this global context, this book explores whether economics is more important than the suppression of rights in explaining social unrest.

Download or read book Poverty and Inequality Among Chinese Minorities written by A. S. Bhalla and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The number of poor people in China is huge, despite recent economic advances. The minorities in China constitute less than ten per cent of the entire population, yet they represent forty to fifty per cent of the absolute poor. This compelling book investigates the problem of poverty and inequality in and among Chinese ethnic minorities, focusing in particular on two important questions: Have the minorities shared the fruits of spectacular economic growth in China during the past two decades? Is their backwardness due to ethnic and cultural factors or to extremely low incomes? The authors examine the different factors explaining poverty, the relationship between poverty and ethnicity, poverty indicators that permit a comparison between minorities and non-minorities (or the Han majority), economic and demographic characteristics of minorities and their educational, occupational and gender profiles. They consider whether special measures in favour of minorities introduced by the Chinese government have contributed to an improvement in their standard of living. Poverty and Inequality among Chinese Minorities gives original research findings and new thinking on a highly topical issue in Chinese development economics, and fills a gap in the existing economic literature.

Download or read book Ethnic Policy in China written by James Leibold and published by Policy Studies (East-West Cent. This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following significant interethnic violence beginning in 2008, Chinese intellectuals and policymakers are now engaged in unprecedented debate over the future direction of their country's ethnic policies. This study attempts to gauge current Chinese opinion on this once-secretive and still highly sensitive area of national policy. Domestic Chinese opinion on ethnic policies over the last five years is reviewed and implications for future policies under the new leadership of CPC Secretary General Xi Jinping are explored. Careful review of a wide spectrum of contemporary Chinese commentary identifies an emerging consensus for ethnic-policy reform. Leading public intellectuals, as well as some party officials, now openly call for new measures strengthening national integration at the expense of minority rights and autonomy. These reformers argue that divisive ethnic policies adopted from the former USSR must be replaced by those supporting an ethnic "melting pot" concept. Despite this important shift in opinion, such radical policy changes as ending regional ethnic autonomy or minority preferences are unlikely over the short-to-medium term. Small-yet-significant adjustments in rhetoric and policy emphasis are, however, expected as the party-state attempts to strengthen interethnic cohesiveness as a part of its larger agenda of stability maintenance. About the author James Leibold is a senior lecturer in Politics and Asian Studies at La Trobe University in Melbourne, Australia. He is the author of Reconfiguring Chinese Nationalism (2007) and co-editor of Critical Han Studies (2012) and Minority Education in China (forthcoming). His research on ethnicity, nationalism, and race in modern China has appeared in The China Journal, The China Quarterly, The Journal of Asian Studies, Modern China, and other publications.

Download or read book Handbook on Ethnic Minorities in China written by Xiaowei Zang and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-11-25 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This much-needed volume explains who ethnic minorities are and how well do they do in China. In addition to offering general information about ethnic minority groups in China, it discusses some important issues around ethnicity, including ethnic inequality, minority rights, and multiculturalism. Drawing on insights and perspectives from scholars in different continents the contributions provide critical reflections on where the field has been and where it is going, offering readers possible directions for future research on minority ethnicity in China. The Handbook reviews research and addresses key conceptual, theoretical and methodological issues in the study of ethnicity in China.

Download or read book China written by Human Rights in China (Organization) and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 25 years, the People's Republic of China (PRC) has undergone rapid social and economic change. It has also become an increasingly active member of the international community, including in the United Nations (UN) and the World Trade Organization (WTO). Within a framework that maintains the supremacy of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the PRC has aimed to build its legal system and a rule of law that promotes its economic reform policies. However, this rule of law appears to use the law as a tool to maintain political control, and the government reform policies continue to have a serious impact on undermining human rights - with a particular impact on vulnerable groups, including over 700 million rural inhabitants, 140,000 migrants and ethnic minorities.

Download or read book Asia s Trouble Spots written by A. S. Bhalla and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2019-08-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The art of successful negotiations over protracted conflicts presupposes a political commitment to peace and a willingness to compromise, which are sorely lacking in the current disorderly world. Part of the blame for this lies in weak and ineffective national and global leadership. This book’s sharp focus on the role of leadership at different levels—national government, rebel and Western/regional government mediators—as well as that of the UN and non-governmental players in settling intra-state disputes, is a unique feature which sets it apart from others. Much of the existing literature does not adequately discuss the role of the above actors in developing countries. Asia’s Trouble Spots is a serious attempt to fill this gap. The seven country studies in Asia—Myanmar, Indonesia, Philippines, Thailand, Sri Lanka, India and China—discuss, inter alia, how peace negotiations between national political and rebel leaders have unfolded. The role of state-sponsored cross-border terrorists and non-state spoilers such as Al-Qaeda and ISIS is addressed in the context of geopolitical rivalry among regional and global powers. A. S. Bhalla challenges the view that Western leaders can act as impartial mediators in intra-state and inter-state disputes. With few exceptions, their record has been dismal at best. Their failure in conflict resolution arises from a loss of moral authority and credibility, which follows the gradual erosion over the years of such liberal values as the rule of law and respect for democracy and human rights. Commercial and strategic self-interests have also tended to undermine peacebuilding efforts.

Download or read book Explorations in History and Globalization written by Cátia Antunes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-14 with total page 279 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considering the ways in which the ‘global turn’ is changing the theory and practice of historical disciplines, Explorations in History and Globalization engages with the concept and methodology of globalization, challenging traditional divisions of space and time to offer a range of perspectives on how globalization has affected social, economic, political and cultural history. Each chapter covers a specific theme, discussing how globalization has shaped these themes and how they have contributed to globalization throughout history. Including topics such as ecological exchanges, trade, exchanges of knowledge, migration, empire and urbanization, this volume both explains historical trajectories through a global analytical framework and provides tools that students can employ when posing their own research questions about historical globalization. Containing suggestions for further reading and guidance on the ways in which primary source material can be used as a basis for global historical studies, this is the ideal volume for all students interested in the global exchanges between people throughout history.

Download or read book National and Global Responses to the COVID 19 Pandemic written by A.S. Bhalla and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-08-01 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book traces the evolution of Covid across different geographic regions, showing how the varying responses of leaders, citizens and other key stakeholders in efforts to tackle the Covid crisis determined outcomes. It finds that leadership, in particular, played a critical role, while initial conditions, such as health-care spending and infrastructure are important factors contributing to a country’s preparedness in coping with a pandemic.

Download or read book Ethnicity and Inequality in China written by Björn A. Gustafsson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-30 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book analyses the behaviour of ethnic minority groups in China using the first comprehensive national dataset dedicated to capturing the socio-economic profile of ethnic minorities: the China Household Ethnicity Survey (CHES). Managing ethnic diversity in China has become an increasingly important subject, especially against the backdrop of the nation’s rampant economic growth and changing institutional behaviour. The book has an analytical interest in looking at the benefactors of China’s growth from an ethnic group dimension, and notably, how the economic life of the 55 ethnic minority groups compares to the Han majority. It’s one of the first publications to capture the heterogeneity of ethnic minority groups’ socio-economic experience, through intersectional analysis and multi-disciplinary approaches. Contributing factors in explaining ethnic minorities’ experiences in the urban labour market are also considered: from how linguistic capital and migration patterns vary for ethnic minorities, to the effects of pro-rural policies. Underpinning these are questions about the extent to which happiness and discrimination impact the economic life of ethnic minorities. Ethnicity and Inequality in China will prove an invaluable resource for students and scholars of economics, sociology and contemporary Chinese Studies more broadly.

Download or read book The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty written by Mehmet Odekon and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2015-06-15 with total page 2496 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty, Second Edition addresses the persistence of poverty across the globe while updating and expanding the landmark work, Encyclopedia of World Poverty, originally published in 2006 prior to the economic calamities of 2008. For instance, while continued high rates of income inequality might be unsurprising in developing countries such as Mexico, the Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) reported in May 2013 even countries with historically low levels of income inequality have experienced significant increases over the past decade, including Denmark, Sweden, and Germany. The U.N. and the World Bank also emphasize the persistent nature of the problem. It is not all bad news. In March 2013, the Guardian newspaper reported, “Some of the poorest people in the world are becoming significantly less poor, according to a groundbreaking academic study which has taken a new approach to measuring deprivation. The report, by Oxford University’s poverty and human development initiative, predicts that countries among the most impoverished in the world could see acute poverty eradicated within 20 years if they continue at present rates.” On the other hand, the U.N. says environmental threats from climate change could push billions more into extreme poverty in coming decades. All of these points lead to the need for a revised, updated, and expanded edition of the Encyclopedia of World Poverty. Key Features: 775 evaluated and updated and 175 entirely new entries New Reader’s Guide categories Signed articles, with cross-references Further Readings will be accompanied by pedagogical elements Updated Chronology, Resource Guide, Glossary, and thorough new Index The SAGE Encyclopedia of World Poverty, Second Edition is a dependable source for students and researchers who are researching world poverty, making it a must-have reference for all academic libraries.

Download or read book Changing Ethnicity written by Zhitian Guo and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-07-10 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book investigates the changes in ethnicity in contemporary China by examining the Yi in Liangshan. With a particular focus on cadres, a seemingly highly politicized group, this book tries to contribute to the discussion of ethnopolitics in China and the politicization of ethnicity. This study categorizes cadres into three generations and discovers that for the veteran echelon ethnicity is related to an emotional expression, for the second generation it is more about a political discourse and competitions, and for the third generation it takes the form of symbolic ethnicity that resonates in everyday life. Changing ethnicity of Yi is a miniature portrayal of the social development in China and demonstrates the interplay between ethnicity and ethnopolitics and how these interactions are expressed in people’s everyday life. The valuable context offered in this book for discussions about ethnicity in contemporary China will be of interest to China scholars, ethnologists, and political scientists.

Download or read book The Asian Poverty Miracle written by Jacques Silber and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2016-09-30 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following rapid economic growth in recent decades, Asia and the Pacific experienced an impressive reduction in extreme poverty, but this drop was not uniform and achievements are still incomplete. Vulnerability to natural disasters, the increasing impact of climate change and economic crises should all be taken into account. There is also a need to consider the multidimensional nature of poverty and the non-uniformity of the decrease across different ethnic groups. This book explores the Asian ‘poverty miracle’ and argues for the development and use of an Asia-specific poverty line.

Download or read book Poverty and Social Exclusion in India written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2011-01-01 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite India’s record of rapid economic growth and poverty reduction over recent decades, rising inequality in the country has been a subject of concern among policy makers, academics, and activists alike. Poverty and Social Exclusion in India focuses on social exclusion, which has its roots in India’s historical divisions along lines of caste, tribe, and the excluded sex, that is, women. These inequalities are more structural in nature and have kept entire groups trapped, unable to take advantage of opportunities that economic growth offers. Culturally rooted systems perpetuate inequality, and, rather than a culture of poverty that afflicts disadvantaged groups, it is, in fact, these inequality traps that prevent these groups from breaking out. Combining rigorous quantitative research with a discussion of these underlying processes, this book finds that exclusion can be explained by inequality in opportunities, inequality in access to markets, and inequality in voice and agency. This report will be of interest to policy makers, development practitioners, social scientists, and academics working to foster equality in India.

Download or read book Economic Exclusion and Discrimination The Experiences of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples written by Patricia Justino and published by Minority Rights Group. This book was released on 2003-08-08 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issues paper aims to evaluate the link between economic exclusion and discrimination against ethnic, religious and linguistic minorities and indigenous peoples. Non-discrimination is one of the most fundamental human rights recognized in international law and most national constitutions, yet discrimination against minorities persists. This implies huge costs for individuals and communities that are discriminated against and society in general. Although, as the authors of this paper point out, there are difficulties over definitions and data limitations, there is evidence to show that – across diverse regions – minorities and indigenous peoples experience higher levels of poverty, less access to education, health care and basic services, and have fewer employment opportunities than the general population. Hence minorities and indigenous peoples are more likely to suffer economic – and social and political – exclusion than other groups. Development actors do not well understand the relationship between discrimination and poverty. This paper argues that discrimination is an important element in economic exclusion and must be addressed to establish sustainable development.

Download or read book European Social Policy and Social Work written by Hans van Ewijk and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2009-09-10 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European Social Policy and Social Work explores shifts in international social policies and how they affect national trends and thus the context for social work practice. The book discusses international and national social work strategies and practice and investigates the responsibilities for social welfare held by the state, the market and civil society. Hans van Ewijk then elaborates a new concept of citizenship-based social work which supports and encourages self-responsibility, social responsibility and the implementation of social rights. The main themes covered are: international social policy and social work from welfare to workfare citizenship essentials of citizenship based social work community policy and community work social work and alternative areas of activity such as youth care and social care. Integrating different roots and social professions in an overarching new concept, this book particularly looks at European Union countries. Hans van Ewijk examines debates regarding social work as an internationally recognised profession and science. This book is suitable for social work students, academics and professionals with an interest in social policy and international social work.

Download or read book Resilience and exclusion written by and published by Intl Food Policy Res Inst. This book was released on 2014-05-04 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resilience is a desirable capability of people to deal with shocks without significant loss of livelihood, health, and nutrition. Resilience is impaired by exclusion and other forms of discrimination. Exclusion is part of a larger set of causal factors that determine marginality, which is a root cause of poverty and inequality. It is a global phenomenon, not just one of developing countries, and is fundamentally a human rights issue. Overcoming exclusion is a complex political agenda with legal, cultural, social, economic, technological, and governance dimensions. Social psychology and behavioral issues need to be considered as well. The purpose of this brief is to assess the relationships between exclusion and resilience, and to identify opportunities for overcoming exclusion and thereby strengthening the resilience of the poor. To address these complex issues in a brief note cannot do much more than raise key issues and suggest broad sets of policy actions. A few examples will illustrate symptoms, causes, and points of entry for action.