Download or read book Postsecondary Participation and State Policy written by Mario C. Martinez and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research shows that all sectors of society, across age and racial groups, consider access to higher education as essential to achieving satisfying employment and a better quality of life. Yet there has been surprisingly little public discussion about recent major changes in higher education access and funding and no policy debate about how to respond to Americans’ growing aspirations about college.This book stimulates debate by presenting research about future demand: changing patterns of postsecondary participation and census projections over the next fifteen years, and their implications for resources and funding.The author disaggregates state data, taking into account states’ individual histories, size, age demographics, regional characteristics and priorities, to show the different policy options available. Rather advancing any particular policy, the author aims to stimulate an informed discussion about alternative strategies to meet demand and increase access. What is the college population likely to look like in 2015? What are the projected patterns for traditional and adult students? What factors will influence enrollment in private or public institutions, or two- or four-year colleges? The authors set their analyses in the context of the public and private benefits of higher education. This volume presents multiple scenarios of future enrollment, and state-by-state comparisons, that are vital for setting priorities and determining the implications of increasing access to higher education.
Download or read book State Postsecondary Education Research written by Donald E. Heller and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an opportune time for researchers in higher education to examine policy via cross-state comparative analyses. Momentous court, legislative and policy developments that impact state-level higher education policy are emerging at a rapid rate. The states have emerged as postsecondary policy innovators in the areas of student financing, institutional accountability, and student access.Following political scientists’ "rediscovery" of states as units of analysis--because they constitute unique "natural laboratories" for testing theory and hypotheses about political behavior and policy adoption dynamics--this book introduces this perspective as an increasingly important tool for researchers in higher education.State Postsecondary Education Research provides an in-depth examination of the challenges and opportunities inherent in conducting cross-state higher education policy research. The authors of each chapter use their individual research projects to demonstrate the array of methodological, theoretical, analytical, and political challenges inherent in conducting comparative state-level policy research. Among the innovative methods described is the use of pooled cross-sectional time-series analytic techniques and event history analysis--now widespread within the disciplines of economics and political science--to shift the unit of analysis from the state to the state-year, thus expanding greatly both the statistical power of the models being tested and the data-demands of those models.The goal is to introduce comparative state-level postsecondary policy research to a broader audience, and to contribute to discussions of both the challenges and the importance of this approach to higher education policy research.The book is intended as a resource for researchers in higher education policy and as a text for higher education policy courses. It may also appeal to scholars of educational policy as well as higher education policymakers.
Download or read book Postsecondary Participation and State Policy written by Mario C. Martinez and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research shows that all sectors of society, across age and racial groups, consider access to higher education as essential to achieving satisfying employment and a better quality of life. Yet there has been surprisingly little public discussion about recent major changes in higher education access and funding and no policy debate about how to respond to Americans’ growing aspirations about college.This book stimulates debate by presenting research about future demand: changing patterns of postsecondary participation and census projections over the next fifteen years, and their implications for resources and funding.The author disaggregates state data, taking into account states’ individual histories, size, age demographics, regional characteristics and priorities, to show the different policy options available. Rather advancing any particular policy, the author aims to stimulate an informed discussion about alternative strategies to meet demand and increase access. What is the college population likely to look like in 2015? What are the projected patterns for traditional and adult students? What factors will influence enrollment in private or public institutions, or two- or four-year colleges? The authors set their analyses in the context of the public and private benefits of higher education. This volume presents multiple scenarios of future enrollment, and state-by-state comparisons, that are vital for setting priorities and determining the implications of increasing access to higher education.
Download or read book A Context for Policy Research in Financing Postsecondary Education written by United States. National Commission on the Financing of Postsecondary Education and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strengthening Policies for Foster Youth Postsecondary Attainment Special Report written by Molly Sarubbi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Postsecondary education in the United States has historically been the bedrock of individual social mobility and collective economic growth. Toward that end, policies at the state and federal levels have for decades sought to expand the reach of postsecondary education so as to provide individuals and communities with pathways to prosperity. Although progress has been far slower than is optimal, a greater percentage of individuals residing in the United States have completed or participated in postsecondary education than at any other time in the nation's history. As of 2015, 69 percent of high school graduates had participated in or completed some postsecondary education. Despite the relative success of public policies supporting the expansion of postsecondary participation, inequities remain. These inequities unnecessarily limit the ability of individuals to benefit from postsecondary enrollment and completion and can create additional obstacles for individuals already facing significant barriers to social mobility. Such is the case for youth within the foster care system, a population confronted by a labyrinth of state and federal public policies that can often fall short of their intent to support postsecondary enrollment and completion. This policy report provides an overview of the challenges youth who are in foster care, have been adopted, or have aged out of the foster care system confront when pursuing a postsecondary credential, including those barriers caused--often unintentionally--by public policies. Specifically, the report focuses on the treatment of these youth by state financial aid programs and offers potential remedies that state policy leaders may pursue as part of holistic efforts to support reducing inequities for this population and promoting their collective upward social mobility. Given the autonomy states have in adopting policies and responding to federal initiatives intended to support foster youth, state policymakers can create tangible educational pathways for foster care youth.
Download or read book Preparing for the Workplace written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-02-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Job training has taken a central place among strategies to boost U.S. competitiveness in the world and ensure a high standard of living. Decision making in this area has a major impact on American workers who do not earn 4-year college degreesâ€"fully three-quarters of the workforce. This timely volume reviews the state of postsecondary training for work in the United States; it addresses controversies about federal job policies and programs and outlines a national approach to improved quality and accessibility in workplace preparation. The committee focuses on the various types of training individuals need during their working lives. Leading experts explore the uneven nature of postsecondary training in the United States and contrast our programs with more comprehensive systems found in other major industrial countries. The authors propose what the federal government canâ€"and cannotâ€"do in improving postsecondary training, exploring appropriate roles and responsibilites for federal, state, and private interests. The volume highlights opportunities for improvement in the development of skills standards, student financial aid, worker retraining, second-change education, and the provision of better information to program managers, public officials, and trainees. With a wealth of insightful commentary and examples, this readable volume will be valuable to federal and state policymakers, leaders in the field of training, educators, employers, labor unions, and interested individuals.
Download or read book Consequences of Postsecondary Education Institution Policies and Practices written by Aaron Michael Skira and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For decades, U.S. higher education enrollments have been stratified with students from wealthier households consistently attending postsecondary institutions at higher rates than low-income students. The disparity in postsecondary participation rates by family income is a systemic issue (M. J. Bailey & Dynarski, 2011), meaning the phenomenon is the result of a combination of factors within society rather than one factor alone. Guided by a critical theory perspective and the assumptions behind Perna’s (2006) proposed conceptual model for student college choice research, the current study sought to examine the extent to which policies and practices at the postsecondary institution level may be contributing to the inequity in higher education enrollments by family income. Based upon theory and findings from prior research, the presumed causal effects of tuition costs, student financial aid, selectivity, and proximity on the average amount of enrolled undergraduate students’ aggregate capital (i.e., cumulative available resources) was constructed in one hypothesized structural model. Four-year, public postsecondary institutions were the unit of analysis. The purpose of the current study was to test the hypothesized structural model. Using data from the 2011-12 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study, student-level data were combined by postsecondary institution to establish a final sample of N = 330 (rounded to the nearest ten) four-year, public postsecondary institutions. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed to (a) assess the overall fit of the hypothesized structural model to the sample data; (b) determine the amount of variance in the average amount of enrolled undergraduate students’ aggregate capital that could be explained by the hypothesized structural model; and (c) identify the direct, indirect, and total effects among the variables included in the hypothesized structural model. Though a confirmatory SEM analysis indicated the hypothesized structural model was a poor fit to the data, respecifications to the model via exploratory SEM analyses revealed a modified hypothesized structural model that was, provisionally, considered a good fit to the data. Findings from this study supported the assumption that the majority of the policies and practices included in the hypothesized structural model, including non-need-based (merit-based) gift aid awards funded by state governments and postsecondary institutions, are positively related to the average amount of enrolled undergraduate students’ aggregate capital and, therefore, may be creating barriers to enrollment for low-income students. To foster low-income student enrollment, college administrators at four-year, public postsecondary institutions are encouraged to reduce tuition increases and incorporate financial need as a criterion for institutional gift aid awards. In addition, for leaders at non-selective institutions, focusing recruitment efforts on students who reside within close proximity to their institutions is recommended. Recommendations for future research include validating the modified hypothesized structural model, examining other models, and continued investigations of the measurement of the multidimensional construct, aggregate capital.
Download or read book Financing Postsecondary Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This conference proceedings provides a summary of a conference on the federal role in the financing of postsecondary education, along with nine papers commissioned for the conference. The papers include: (1) "The Federal Role in Financing Higher Education: An Economic Perspective" (Sandy Baum); (2) "Rethinking the Allocation of Pell Grants" (David W. Breneman and Fred J. Galloway); (3) "Implications of Demographic Trends in Higher Education on Student Financial Aid Over the Next Ten Years" (Mary J. Frase); (4) "Federal Student Aid Policy: A History and an Assessment" (Lawrence E. Gladieux); (5) "Cut the Cloth to Fit the Student: Tailoring the Federal Role in Postsecondary Education and Training" (Arthur M. Hauptman); (6) "Starting Points: Fundamental Assumptions Underlying the Principles and Policies of Federal Financial Aid to Students" (Bruce D. Johnstone); (7) "Accountability in Postsecondary Education" (Charles E. M. Kolb); (8) "Goals for Federal/State Policy in the 21st Century: Affordability, Mobility, and Learning Productivity" (James R. Mingle); and (9) "Pursuing Broader Participation and Greater Benefit from Federal College Student Financial Aid" (Michael T. Nettles and Others). A list of conference participants is included. (MDM)
Download or read book Reexamining the Federal Role in Higher Education written by Rebecca S. Natow and published by Teachers College Press. This book was released on 2022 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive description of the federal government's relationship with higher education and how that relationship became so expansive and indispensable over time. Drawing from constitutional law, social science research, federal policy documents, and original interviews with key policy insiders, the author explores the U.S. government's role in regulating, financing, and otherwise influencing higher education. Natow analyzes how the government's role has evolved over time, the activities of specific governmental branches and agencies that affect higher education, the nature of the government's influence today, and prospects for the future of federal involvement in higher education. Chapters examine the politics and practices that shape policies affecting nondiscrimination and civil rights, student financial aid, educational quality and student success, campus crime, research and development, intellectual property, student privacy, and more. Book Features: Provides a contemporary and thorough understanding of how federal higher education policies are created, implemented, and influenced by federal and nonfederal policy actors. Situates higher education policy within the constitutional, political, and historical contexts of the federal government. Offers nuanced perspectives informed by insider information about what occurs behind the scenes in the federal higher education policy arena. Includes case studies illustrating the profound effects federal policy processes have on the everyday lives of college students, their families, institutions, and other higher education stakeholders.
Download or read book Masters of Reality Certificate Or Performance written by Layton Olson and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Plan to Implement New State Policy on Postsecondary Equal Educational Opportunity Programs written by California Postsecondary Education Commission and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Policy and Performance in American Higher Education written by Richard Richardson Jr. and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2009-06-15 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Policy and Performance in American Higher Education presents a new approach to understanding how public policy influences institutional performance, with practical insight for those charged with crafting and implementing higher education policy. Public institutions of higher learning are called upon by state governments to provide educational access and opportunity for students. Paradoxically, the education policies enacted by state legislatures are often complex and costly to implement, which can ultimately detract from that mission. Richard Richardson, Jr., and Mario Martinez evaluate the higher education systems of five states to explain how these policies are developed and how they affect the performance of individual institutions. The authors compare the higher education systems of New Mexico, California, South Dakota, New York, and New Jersey and describe the difficulty of enforcing state policies amid increasing demands for greater efficiency and accountability. In the process they identify the "rules in use"—rules that are central to the coherence and performance of higher education systems—that administrators apply to meet organizational goals within the constraints of changing, sometimes conflicting federal and state policies. Incorporating rich data from seven years of observations, interviews, and research, Richardson and Martinez offer a clear comparative framework for understanding state higher education.
Download or read book Independent College and University Participation in Statewide Planning for Postsecondary Education written by Jay L. Chronister and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Post secondary Education Planning in Texas written by Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs. Post-secondary Education Policy Research Project and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pricing Output and Financing of Postsecondary Education a Four state Comparison of Public Policy written by M. Charles McIntyre and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Compendium of Regulations for All Programs Administered by the Bureau of Postsecondary Education written by United States. Bureau of Postsecondary Education and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Public Policy and College Access written by Edward P. St. John and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 19 of Readings on Equal Education takes a hard look at the impact of state and federal policies on college access. Since passage of the Higher Education Act of 1965, differences in access for low-income and middle-income families have been an important issue. This volume suggests a new approach to policy research on college access and provides information on the impact of federal and state financial and school reform policies. Statistics (NCES) studies and expose the serious errors made in these studies. These chapters show how the errors were made, consider the implications for federal higher education policy, demonstrate the critical need for a reanalysis of the NCES databases, and reanalyze the access challenge using NCES databases. Section II examines changes in the state role in promoting access to higher education. Articles focus on the impact of change in state policies on state student grant programs, academic preparation, and postsecondary encouragement.
