Download or read book Postpartum infections prevalence associated obstetric factors and the role of vitamin D written by Daniel Axelsson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-05-15 with total page 77 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Postpartum infections are a major cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. Breast infection, endometritis, urinary tract infection and wound infections are the most common postpartum infections and together they affect almost 20% of women after childbirth. Some risk factors for postpartum infections, for example cesarean section, have been relatively well studied, but other presumable risk factors are yet to be confirmed. The proportion of pregnant women who are overweight or obese is increasing in most parts of the world. Increased maternal body mass index (BMI) is associated with maternal and infant morbidity. The association between overweight / obesity and postpartum infections is incompletely understood. Vitamin D deficiency has in epidemiological studies been shown to increase the risk of various infections. Furthermore, vitamin D is an important factor in the human immune system. Concomitantly, vitamin D supplementation seems protective against some types of infections. Whether vitamin D deficiency is a risk factor for postpartum infections has not been studied. Material and Methods: In a population-based observational study using questionnaires, the prevalences of postpartum wound infections, endometritis, urinary tract infections and mastitis in the southeast region of Sweden were estimated (Paper I). All women giving birth in the region during one year (n=11 124) were asked to participate. Papers II and III were cohort studies based on all deliveries in Sweden during eight years (2005-2012). Data sources were the Swedish Medical Birth Register, the Swedish National Patient Register and the Swedish Prescribed Drugs Register. In paper II all term deliveries were included (n=795 072). Risk factors for postpartum wound infections, endometritis and urinary tract infection were evaluated. Paper III included all deliveries (n=841 780) and examined the impact of BMI on the risk of postpartum wound infections, endometritis and breast abscess after different modes of delivery. Infections were defined as the presence of applicable ICD-10 codes. The Mantel-Haenszel technique was used to calculate adjusted odds ratios. In paper IV the association between vitamin D deficiency and overall postpartum infectious morbidity was analyzed. Serum samples from the Pregnancy Biobank in Linköping, drawn at the time of delivery, were used to determine concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in 1397 women. ICD-10 codes were extracted from the women’s medical records. The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency was calculated and adjusted odds ratios for postpartum infections were estimated with multivariable logistic regression analysis. Results: More than one out of ten women in southeast Sweden reported wound infections; endometritis, urinary tract infection or mastitis postpartum and 7.5% reported antibiotic treatment for infection. Cesarean section was the strongest risk factor for wound infection, followed by obstetric anal sphincter injuries and episiotomy. For endometritis, the strongest risk factors were anemia, manual placental removal and emergency cesarean section. Urinary tract infection was associated with anemia, instrumental vaginal delivery and emergency cesarean section. There was a dose-dependent increased risk of postpartum infection with higher BMI. For morbidly obese women the risk of infection was over 50% higher than for normal weight women. The risk of endometritis after normal vaginal delivery increased the higher the BMI, as did the risk of wound infection after cesarean section, regardless of the type of cesarean section. For breast abscess, there was an inverse association with BMI. Vitamin D deficiency was present among almost 60% of pregnant women at the time of delivery. No association between vitamin D deficiency and postpartum infections was found. Conclusions: Every tenth Swedish woman acquired an infection postpartum and three quarters of them received antibiotics for infection. Anemia was an important risk factor for postpartum infection, and the strongest risk factor for endometritis and urinary tract infection. Strong efforts should be made to reduce blood loss during and after childbirth. This thesis confirmed cesarean section as a major risk factor for postpartum infection, especially wound infection. The risk increased if the woman was overweight or obese, regardless of whether it was a planned or an emergency cesarean section. Vitamin D deficiency was common among Swedish pregnant women, but it was not found to be associated with postpartum infections.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 2 written by Robert Black and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2016-04-11 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The evaluation of reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH) by the Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition (DCP3) focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. Volume 3 focuses on developments since the publication of DCP2 and will also include the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume. The DCP3 evaluation of these conditions produced three key findings: 1. There is significant difficulty in measuring the burden of key conditions such as unintended pregnancy, unsafe abortion, nonsexually transmitted infections, infertility, and violence against women. 2. Investments in the continuum of care can have significant returns for improved and equitable access, health, poverty, and health systems. 3. There is a large difference in how RMNCH conditions affect different income groups; investments in RMNCH can lessen the disparity in terms of both health and financial risk.
Download or read book Nutrition and Health in a Developing World written by Saskia de Pee and published by Humana Press. This book was released on 2017-02-13 with total page 838 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This third edition reviews the epidemiology, policies, programs and outcome indicators that are used to determine improvements in nutrition and health that lead to development. This greatly expanded third edition provides policy makers, nutritionists, students, scientists, and professionals with the most recent and up-to-date knowledge regarding major health and nutritional problems in developing countries. Policies and programs that address the social and economic determinants of nutrition and health are now gaining in importance as methods to improve the status of the most vulnerable people in the world. This volume provides the most current research and strategies so that policy makers, program managers, researchers and students have knowledge and resources that they can use to advance methods for improving the public’s health and the development of nations. The third edition of Nutrition and Health in Developing Countries takes on a new context where the word “developing” is now a verb and not an adjective.
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Obstetric Anaesthesia written by Vicki Clark and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016-08-18 with total page 1072 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From early conception until the postpartum period, anaesthetists are required to provide pregnant women with the highest standard of anaesthetic care and pain relief whilst negotiating challenges such as concurrent systemic disease, infertility, and obesity as well as practising in accordance with new developments in fetal medicine surgery, pharmacology, and imaging. The Oxford Textbook of Obstetric Anaesthesia provides an up-to-date summary of the scientific basis, assessment for and provision of anaesthesia throughout pregnancy and labour. This highly authoritative textbook is conceptually divided into nine sections, detailing maternal and fetal physiology, fetal and neonatal assessment and therapy, anaesthesia before and during pregnancy, labour and vaginal delivery, anaesthesia for caesarean delivery, anaesthetic and obstetric complications, as well as systemic disease. Individual chapters address topics such as simulation and ultrasound. Authored by an international team of expert anaesthetists this textbook reflects current world-wide practice and guidelines. Designed for consultants and trainees in anaesthesia, the Oxford Textbook of Obstetric Anaesthesia is the definitive source of expert knowledge for anaesthetists in this subspecialty.
Download or read book Infections in Pregnancy written by Adel Elkady and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides effective diagnosis and management of infectious diseases in pregnant women in a single comprehensive available resource for busy clinicians.
Download or read book The Obstetric Hematology Manual written by Sue Pavord and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-02-08 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understand the rapidly growing complexities of obstetric hematology and high-risk pregnancy management, with experts in the field. Now in its second edition, this comprehensive and essential guide focuses on providing the best support for patients and clinical staff, to prevent serious complications in pregnancy and the post-partum period for both mother and baby. Wide-ranging and detailed, the guide offers discussions on basic principles of best care, through to tackling lesser-known hematological conditions, such as cytopenias and hemoglobinopathies. Updated with color illustrations, cutting-edge research, accurate blood film reproductions, and practical case studies, the revised edition places invaluable advice into everyday context. This unique resource is essential reading for trainees and practitioners in obstetrics, anesthesia, and hematology, as well as midwives, nurses, and laboratory staff. Clarifying difficult procedures for disease prevention, the guide ensures safety when the stakes are high. Reflecting current evidence-based guidelines, the updated volume is key to improving pregnancy outcomes worldwide.
Download or read book Reducing Birth Defects written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-10-27 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year more than 4 million children are born with birth defects. This book highlights the unprecedented opportunity to improve the lives of children and families in developing countries by preventing some birth defects and reducing the consequences of others. A number of developing countries with more comprehensive health care systems are making significant progress in the prevention and care of birth defects. In many other developing countries, however, policymakers have limited knowledge of the negative impact of birth defects and are largely unaware of the affordable and effective interventions available to reduce the impact of certain conditions. Reducing Birth Defects: Meeting the Challenge in the Developing World includes descriptions of successful programs and presents a plan of action to address critical gaps in the understanding, prevention, and treatment of birth defects in developing countries. This study also recommends capacity building, priority research, and institutional and global efforts to reduce the incidence and impact of birth defects in developing countries.
Download or read book Handbook of Clinical Obstetrics written by E. Albert Reece, MD, PhD, MBA and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 600 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this quick reference handbook for obstetricians and gynecologists and primary care physicians is designed to complement the parent textbook Clinical Obstetrics: The Fetus & Mother The third edition of Clinical Obstetrics: The Fetus & Mother is unique in that it gives in-depth attention to the two patients – fetus and mother, with special coverage of each patient. Clinical Obstetrics thoroughly reviews the biology, pathology, and clinical management of disorders affecting both the fetus and the mother. Clinical Obstetrics: The Fetus & Mother - Handbook provides the practising physician with succinct, clinically focused information in an easily retrievable format that facilitates diagnosis, evaluation, and treatment. When you need fast answers to specific questions, you can turn with confidence to this streamlined, updated reference.
Download or read book Classic and Pleiotropic Actions of Vitamin D written by Pawel Pludowski and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-09-24 with total page 169 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vitamin D is widely advertised as a solution for a large spectrum of diseases and health issues. Growing number of pharmaceuticals and supplements containing vitamin D, increasing availability of them in pharmacies, stores, online distribution and, sometimes, an intrusive commercial publicity campaigns have raised great interest, and have triggered reasonable controversies and fears. The self-administration of high doses of vitamin D has also appeared major concern in society. There is an increasing number of dilemmas regarding side effects including nephrocalcinosis, urinary stone disease, drug interactions and other adversity. On the other hand, it is recognized that vitamin D deficiency is a global health problem with potential negative consequences on health, welfare and morbidity during growth and adulthood, and therefore influencing health care services worldwide. According to current published reports, the vitamin D deficiency is regarded a significant risk factor for several civilization diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, autoimmune and metabolic disorders, infectious diseases and many other chronic conditions. Thus, it is essential to discuss vividly, and share scientific reports and evidence demonstrating both the safety issues and the significance of vitamin D for health of children, adolescents, middle-aged men and women, professionally active individuals, and seniors. This eBook is a collection of articles presented at the 3rd International Conference “Vitamin D - Minimum, Maximum, Optimum” (EVIDAS 2017) held in Warsaw (Poland) on September 22–23, 2017. EVIDAS (European Vitamin D Association) is a scientific society focused on vitamin D and its meaning for human health.
Download or read book Remington and Klein s Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant written by Christopher B. Wilson and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-03-16 with total page 1275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant, written and edited by Drs. Remington, Klein, Wilson, Nizet, and Maldonado, remains the definitive source of information in this field. The 8th edition of this authoritative reference provides the most up-to-date and complete guidance on infections found in utero, during delivery, and in the neonatal period in both premature and term infants. Special attention is given to the prevention and treatment of these diseases found in developing countries as well as the latest findings about new antimicrobial agents, gram-negative infections and their management, and recommendations for immunization of the fetus/mother. Nationally and internationally recognized in immunology and infectious diseases, new associate editors Nizet and Maldonado bring new insight and fresh perspective to the book. Form a definitive diagnosis and create the best treatment plans possible using evidence-based recommendations and expert guidance from world authorities. Locate key content easily and identify clinical conditions quickly thanks to a consistent, highly user-friendly format now featuring a full-color design with hundreds of illustrations, and fresh perspectives from six new authoritative chapter lead authors. Explore what's changing in key areas such as: - emerging problems and concepts in maternal, fetal, and neonatal infectious diseases - anticipation and recognition of infections occurring in utero, during delivery, and in the neonatal period Stay on the cutting edge of your field with new and improved chapters including: obstetric factors associated with infections of the fetus and newborn infant; human milk; borella infections; tuberculosis; bordetella pertussis and other bordetella sp infections; herpes simplex; toxoplasmosis; pneumocystis and other less common fungal infections; and healthcare-associated infections in the nursery Keep up with the most relevant topics in fetal/neonatal infectious disease including new antimicrobial agents, gram- negative infections and their management, and recommendations for immunization of the fetus/mother. Overcome clinical challenges in developing countries where access to proper medical care is limited. Expert Consult eBook version included with purchase. This enhanced eBook experience allows you to search all of the text, figures, references, and videos from the book on a variety of devices.
Download or read book de Swiet s Medical Disorders in Obstetric Practice written by Raymond Powrie and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-17 with total page 822 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pregnancy affects the physiology of women as their bodies adapt to the growing life within them; but how does this affect how you manage general, or pre-existing medical complaints? How do you differentiate the effects of pregnancy from genuine medical conditions? What are the effects of the ‘standard’ treatments on the growing fetus? What about breastfeeding? In this brand-new edition of de Swiet’s Medical Disorders in Clinical Practice, expert physicians present the best evidence and practical wisdom to guide you and your patients through their pregnancy and illness, to a successful birth and early motherhood. Using a combination of algorithms, years of experience and an evidence-based approach, this book will help you to: Diagnose difficult to identify conditions during pregnancy Effectively prescribe for pregnant and lactating women Overcome the challenges of imaging, anesthesia and critical care for pregnant women de Swiet’s assists you in navigating the many challenges pregnancy presents for both the patient and physician.
Download or read book Guidelines for Nurse Practitioners in Ambulatory Obstetric Settings Third Edition written by Kelly D. Rosenberger, DNP, APRN, CNM, WHNP-BC, FAANP and published by Springer Publishing Company. This book was released on 2022-01-04 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for the First Edition: "This is a concise, yet comprehensive book. I would recommend that any advanced practice nurse working in obstetrics have it on the bookshelf. It could also be used as a protocol manual for small practices." Score: 100, 5 Stars —Doody's Medical Reviews Now in its third edition, this remains the only comprehensive source of current, evidence-based information for busy nurse practitioners and related professionals who provide preconception, prenatal, and postpartum care in outpatient settings. This resource encompasses essential clinical topics and practice standards in an easy-to-read, outline format with a convenient spiral binding. The third edition presents important new information on Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy, COVID-19 during Pregnancy and Lactation, Rural Maternity Services, Utilization of Telehealth Services in Pregnancy, Adverse Child Experiences, LGBTQ Considerations, Genetic Counseling, and more. Additionally, unique topics of emerging clinical relevance address the complex and evolving nature of prenatal care in the 21st century, such as the latest trends in preterm labor prevention, disaster planning, managing exposure to the Zika virus, obesity, dermatoses, and HIV in pregnancy. New to the Third Edition: New chapters on Thyroid Disorders in Pregnancy and COVID-19 during Pregnancy and Postpartum Updated sections on rural maternity services, telehealth services, adverse childhood experiences, nutrition, and LGBTQ considerations Clinical updates on genetic screening and testing, nausea and vomiting, use of low-dose aspirin to prevent complications, HIV prevention, using PrEP, breastfeeding, avoidance of non-medically indicated early-term delivery, use of marijuana and heroin Greatly expanded section on options for noninvasive prenatal testing for aneuploidy New information from the FDA on drug labeling New recommendations on anemia screening in pregnancy Updated imaging recommendations New and updated guidelines from Association of Women's Health, Obstetric and Neonatal Nurses; American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists; American Academy of Pediatricians; American College of Nurse Midwives; National Certification Corporation; National Association of Nurse Practitioners in Women's Health; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the US Preventive Services Task Force Two new appendices covering Telehealth Resources, Best Practice Guides, and LGBTQIA+ resources Key Features: Ensures speedy access to clinical information through clear organization, outline format, and spiral-bound text Presents complete guidelines for each topic in consistent format Provides guidelines on identifying complications and when to refer for specialist care Offers detailed information on genetic counseling, health promotion and assessment, lactation issues, and medications during pregnancy Includes downloadable patient teaching guides
Download or read book Mandell Douglas and Bennett s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases E Book written by John E. Bennett and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-10-19 with total page 4306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After thirty years, PPID is still the reference of choice for comprehensive, global guidance on diagnosing and treating the most challenging infectious diseases. Drs. Mandell, Bennett, and Dolin have substantially revised and meticulously updated, this new edition to save you time and to ensure you have the latest clinical and scientific knowledge at your fingertips. With new chapters, expanded and updated coverage, increased worldwide perspectives, and many new contributors, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th Edition helps you identify and treat whatever infectious disease you see. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Compatible with Kindle®, nook®, and other popular devices. Get the answers to questions you have with more in-depth coverage of epidemiology, etiology, pathology, microbiology, immunology, and treatment of infectious agents than you’ll find in any other infectious disease resource. Find the latest diagnoses and treatments for currently recognized and newly emerging infectious diseases, such as those caused by avian and swine influenza viruses. Put the latest knowledge to work in your practice with new or completely revised chapters on influenza (new pandemic strains); new Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus; probiotics; antibiotics for resistant bacteria; antifungal drugs; new antivirals for hepatitis B and C; Clostridium difficile treatment; sepsis; advances in HIV prevention and treatment; viral gastroenteritis; Lyme disease; Helicobacter pylori; malaria; infections in immunocompromised hosts; immunization (new vaccines and new recommendations); and microbiome. Benefit from fresh perspectives and global insights from an expanded team of international contributors. Find and grasp the information you need easily and rapidly with newly added chapter summaries. These bulleted templates include diagnosis, therapy, and prevention and are designed as a quick summary of the chapter and to enhance relevancy in search and retrieval on Expert Consult. Stay current on Expert Consult with a thorough and regularly scheduled update program that ensures access to new developments in the field, advances in therapy, and timely information. Access the information you need easily and rapidly with new succinct chapter summaries that include diagnosis, therapy, and prevention. Experience clinical scenarios with vivid clarity through a richly illustrated, full-color format that includes 1500 photographs for enhanced visual guidance.
Download or read book Maternal Child Nursing Care E Book written by Shannon E. Perry and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2022-03-05 with total page 1643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the essentials of maternity and pediatric nursing with this comprehensive, all-in-one text! Maternal Child Nursing Care, 7th Edition covers the issues and concerns of women during their childbearing years and children during their developing years. It uses a family-centered, problem-solving approach to patient care, with guidelines supported by evidence-based practice. New to this edition is an emphasis on clinical judgment skills and a new chapter on children with integumentary dysfunction. Written by a team of experts led by Shannon E. Perry and Marilyn J. Hockenberry, this book provides the accurate information you need to succeed in the classroom, the clinical setting, and on the Next Generation NCLEX-RN® examination. - Focus on the family throughout the text emphasizes the influence of the entire family in health and illness. - Expert authors of the market-leading maternity and pediatric nursing textbooks combine to ensure delivery of the most accurate, up-to-date content. - Information on victims of sexual abuse as parents and human trafficking helps prepare students to handle these delicate issues. - Nursing Alerts highlight critical information that could lead to deteriorating or emergency situations. - Guidelines boxes outline nursing procedures in an easy-to-follow format. - Evidence-Based Practice boxes include findings from recent clinical studies. - Emergency Treatment boxes describe the signs and symptoms of emergency situations and provide step-by-step interventions. - Atraumatic Care boxes teach students how to manage pain and provide competent care to pediatric patients with the least amount of physical or psychological stress. - Community Focus boxes emphasize community issues, provide resources and guidance, and illustrate nursing care in a variety of settings. - Patient Teaching boxes highlight important information nurses need to communicate to patients and families. - Cultural Considerations boxes describe beliefs and practices relating to pregnancy, labor and birth, parenting, and women's health. - Family-Centered Care boxes draw attention to the needs or concerns of families that students should consider to provide family-centered care.
Download or read book Requirements of Vitamin A Iron Folate and Vitamin B12 written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1988 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparative Quantification of Health Risks Sexual and reproductive health written by Majid Ezzati and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2004 with total page 2282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive assessment of the scientific evidence on prevalence and the resulting health effects of a range of exposures that are know to be hazardous to human health, including childhood and maternal undernutrition, nutritional and physiological risk factors for adult health, addictive substances, sexual and reproductive health risks, and risks in the physical environments of households and communities, as well as among workers. This book is the culmination of over four years of scientific equiry and data collection, know as the comparative risk assessment (CRA) project.
Download or read book Creasy and Resnik s Maternal Fetal Medicine Principles and Practice written by Charles J. Lockwood and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-08-07 with total page 1859 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Long recognized as the authoritative leader in the field, Creasy and Resnik's Maternal-Fetal Medicine, 8th Edition, continues to provide the latest evidence-based guidelines for obstetric and neonatal management, helping you minimize complications and offer patients the best possible care. Written by renowned experts in obstetrics, gynecology, and perinatology, this comprehensive resource has been thoroughly updated and reflects new information in every area, including recent tremendous advances in genetics, imaging, and more. Focuses on complicated obstetric issues, highlighting the most commonly encountered anomalies and providing clear guidelines for obstetric and neonatal management. Offers comprehensive updates on rapidly changing topics, including a completely revised section on genetics and genetic technology for prenatal diagnoses, as well as an expanded imaging section on abdominal, urogenital, and skeletal imaging. Includes four new chapters: Molecular Genetic Technology, MRI in Obstetrical Imaging, Obesity in Pregnancy, and Pregnancy as a Window to Future Health. Features numerous flow charts for quick access to diagnosis and treatment protocols and to clarify complex material. Presents the knowledge and expertise of new editors Dr. Joshua Copel, an expert in the field of fetal therapy who has pioneered new diagnostic techniques for unborn patients and their mothers, and Dr. Robert Silver, a leader in the maternal-fetal medicine community.
