Download or read book Post fire Effects in Chaparral and Oak Ecosystems of Northern California written by Abigail M. Jones and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The issue of wildfires, hazard fuels management, and post-fire tree mortality has become an increasingly common topic in the western United States. This thesis is composed of two studies, with the first study, Chapter 1, examining fuel treatment effectiveness and the second study, Chapter 2, striving to characterize post-fire mortality in oaks. Prior to wildfire, fuel reduction projects may take place to decrease the likelihood of high severity fire around human infrastructure and communities. Within California’s chaparral ecosystems, common treatment types include hand-thinning, prescribed burning, mechanical mastication, and mechanical mastication followed with prescribed burning. Because chaparral has a longer historical fire return interval and these ecosystems do not need frequent fire disturbance, the efficacy of these treatment types is debated. Our study had the rare opportunity to collect data on fine woody fuel loading, shrub density, and vegetation both immediately before and one year following wildfire in northern California’s Whiskeytown National Recreation Area. Using these comparisons, our goal was to determine the post-fire response of each treatment type and determine an effective fuels treatment in chaparral to mitigate fire behavior, while maintaining ecosystem integrity and supporting native species habitat. The severity of the wildfire was moderate across the study site and did not differ among treatments. Post-fire live shrub density and live shrub height also were not influenced by treatment type, but oak dominated sites had greater live shrub density after wildfire. Fine woody fuel loading levels differed by treatment type, with prescribed burned units having the greatest levels in both chaparral and oak sites. Fine woody fuel consumption was lowest in hand-thinned units. Total plant species richness increased in all treatment types following wildfire, largely driven by an increase in exotic species, as native plant cover decreased and exotic species cover increased across all treatments. This study suggests that areas of chaparral may need to be retreated sooner than this timeframe to reduce fire severity. However, retreating these systems may not be economically feasible and it remains unclear if treatments will meet fuel and fire behavior objectives. Land managers are concerned about post-fire mortality of trees and rely on statistical models of tree mortality in post-fire decision making. While many studies have evaluated the accuracy of these models in conifers, the performance of these models on hardwood species, specifically oak species, has been understudied. Models, such as FOFEM and FVS-FFE, can help land managers to predict which trees will die following fire and can help in hazard tree removal and post-fire salvage logging operations. These models, however, have been exclusively developed using western United States conifer species, bringing into question the veracity of these models for hardwood species. The purpose of this study was to test current mortality models using observations from wildfire and prescribed burn sites in northern California for two oak species, California black oak (Quercus kelloggii) and canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis). Our findings suggest that both modeling approaches performed well, but Random Forest was better at predicting probability of mortality for an imbalanced dataset. When using imbalanced datasets, logistic regression can underpredict mortality, which can have negative repercussions for land managers dealing with recently burned ecosystems containing oaks.
Download or read book Fire in California s Ecosystems written by Jan W. van Wagtendonk and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2018-06-08 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fire in California’s Ecosystems describes fire in detail—both as an integral natural process in the California landscape and as a growing threat to urban and suburban developments in the state. Written by many of the foremost authorities on the subject, this comprehensive volume is an ideal authoritative reference tool and the foremost synthesis of knowledge on the science, ecology, and management of fire in California. Part One introduces the basics of fire ecology, including overviews of historical fires, vegetation, climate, weather, fire as a physical and ecological process, and fire regimes, and reviews the interactions between fire and the physical, plant, and animal components of the environment. Part Two explores the history and ecology of fire in each of California's nine bioregions. Part Three examines fire management in California during Native American and post-Euro-American settlement and also current issues related to fire policy such as fuel management, watershed management, air quality, invasive plant species, at-risk species, climate change, social dynamics, and the future of fire management. This edition includes critical scientific and management updates and four new chapters on fire weather, fire regimes, climate change, and social dynamics.
Download or read book Ecosystems of California written by Harold Mooney and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2016-01-19 with total page 1008 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This long-anticipated reference and sourcebook for CaliforniaÕs remarkable ecological abundance provides an integrated assessment of each major ecosystem typeÑits distribution, structure, function, and management. A comprehensive synthesis of our knowledge about this biologically diverse state, Ecosystems of California covers the state from oceans to mountaintops using multiple lenses: past and present, flora and fauna, aquatic and terrestrial, natural and managed. Each chapter evaluates natural processes for a specific ecosystem, describes drivers of change, and discusses how that ecosystem may be altered in the future. This book also explores the drivers of CaliforniaÕs ecological patterns and the history of the stateÕs various ecosystems, outlining how the challenges of climate change and invasive species and opportunities for regulation and stewardship could potentially affect the stateÕs ecosystems. The text explicitly incorporates both human impacts and conservation and restoration efforts and shows how ecosystems support human well-being. Edited by two esteemed ecosystem ecologists and with overviews by leading experts on each ecosystem, this definitive work will be indispensable for natural resource management and conservation professionals as well as for undergraduate or graduate students of CaliforniaÕs environment and curious naturalists.
Download or read book The Effects of Native Conifer Encroachment and Importance of High severity Wildfire in Fire excluded California Black Oak Ecosystems of Northern California written by Matthew I. Cocking and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildland Fire in Ecosystems written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wildland Fire in Ecosystems written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book New Perspectives on Nitrogen Cycling in the Temperate and Tropical Americas written by SCOPE Nitrogen Project and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1999-07-31 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nitpov - An etymology of nitrogen and other related words. Contemporary and pre-industrial global reactive nitrogen budgets. Nitrogen stable isotopic composition of leaves and soil: Tropical versus temperate forests. The globalization of N deposition: ecosystem consequences in tropical environments. A nitrogen budget for late-successional hillslope tabonuco forest, Puerto Rico. The impact of accelerating land-use change on the N-cycle of tropical aquatic ecosystems: Current conditions and projected changes. Nitrogen yields from undisturbed watersheds in the Americas. Nitrogen cycling and anthropogenic impact in the tropical interametican seas. Ecosystem constraints to symbiotic nitrogen fixers: a simple model and its implications. Do top-down and bottom-up controls interact to exclude nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria from the plankton of estuaries? An exploration with a simulation model. The presence of nitrogen fixing legumes in terrestrial communities: Evolutionary vs ecological considerations. Nitrogen limitation in dryland ecosystems: Responses to geographical and temporal variation in precipitation.
Download or read book Effects of Fire on Madrean Province Ecosystems written by Peter F. Ffolliott and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Living with Fire in California Chaparral written by Alexandra Modra Weill and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chaparral vegetation is widespread in California and surrounds the state’s most populous areas, and drives many of the state’s largest and most destructive wildfires. The chaparral fire regime of relatively infrequent, high intensity crown fires shapes life within and at the edges of the chaparral ecosystem. This dissertation focuses on questions of how both plants and people figure out how to live in chaparral landscapes. The first section, Plants, examines variation in fire adaptive traits in two species of Ceanothus, a genus of common chaparral shrub species. Chapter 1 focuses on fire-stimulated germination, comparing germination with and without a fire-proxy trigger in seeds collected from populations with different fire histories. Chapter 2 looks at flammability, exploring different components of flammability in Ceanothus, how leaf traits predict flammability, and how flammability traits vary between and within populations. In the Plants section, I conclude that both germination and flammability traits are highly variable within and between populations, reflecting a strategy for persisting through a fire regime that is intense but unpredictable. The second section, People, looks at humans and their relationship to wildfire and a recently burned chaparral and woodland landscape in Northern California. Chapter 3 explores hikers’ familiarity with local and national fire topics and their perceptions of wildfire and its effects, and tests whether interacting with a burned landscape changes those perceptions. I find that hiker perceptions and knowledge of reveal a nuanced relationship to fire but limited understanding of local landscapes.
Download or read book Valuing Chaparral written by Emma C. Underwood and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-09 with total page 483 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chaparral shrubland ecosystems are an iconic feature of the California landscape, and a highly biodiverse yet highly flammable backdrop to some of the fastest growing urban areas in the United States. Chaparral-type ecosystems are a common element of all of the world’s Mediterranean-type climate regions – of which California is one – yet there is little public appreciation of the intrinsic value and the ecosystem services that these landscapes provide. Valuing Chaparral is a compendium of contributions from experts in chaparral ecology and management, with a focus on the human relationship with chaparral ecosystems. Chapters cover a wide variety of subjects, ranging from biodiversity to ecosystem services like water provision, erosion control, carbon sequestration and recreation; from the history of human interactions with chaparral to current education and conservation efforts; and from chaparral restoration and management to scenarios of the future under changing climate, land use, and human population. Valuing Chaparral will be of interest to resource managers, the research community, policy makers, and the public who live and work in the chaparral dominated landscapes of California and other Mediterranean-type climate regions.
Download or read book Chaparral and Associated Ecosystems Management written by C. Eugene Conrad and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Prescribed Burning in California Wildlands Vegetation Management written by Harold Biswell and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 1999-08-31 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Harold Biswell's decades of research and field experience were a major factor in developing policies of controlled or prescribed burning, which mimics or reintroduces the natural fire cycle. This comprehensive study introduces the principles and practices of prescribed burning, which apply far beyond California, within a historical and ecological perspective. Available for the first time in paperback, with a new foreword by James Agee, this book places Biswell's study—and his legacy—in the context of recent developments in the field.
Download or read book Fire Chaparral and Survival in Southern California written by Richard W. Halsey and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biologist and fire ecologist Richard W. Halsey, with contributions from many other experts, weaves together the crucial elements of fire behavior, land management, and knowledge of the natural environment. Includes a 48-page full-color field guide to common chaparral plants.
Download or read book Fire Effects in Blue Oak Quercus Douglasii Woodland in the Southern Sierra Nevada California written by Patricia K. Haggerty and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Projected Climate Change Effects on Vegetation and Hydrology in California Chaparral and Sierran Conifer Ecosystems written by Carla Marie D'Antonio and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fire Effects on Soils and Restoration Strategies written by A Cerda and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-01-05 with total page 630 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book has been published a decade after Fires Effects on Ecosystems by DeBano, Neary, and Folliott (1998), and builds on their foundation to update knowledge on natural post-fire processes and describe the use and effectiveness of various restoration strategies that may be applied when human intervention is warranted. The chapters in this book,
Download or read book Chaparral Management Program written by California. Department of Forestry and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
