Download or read book Positive and Negative Ion Beam Merging System for Neutral Beam Production written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The positive and negative ion beam merging system extracts positive and negative ions of the same species and of the same energy from two separate ion sources. The positive and negative ions from both sources pass through a bending magnetic field region between the pole faces of an electromagnet. Since the positive and negative ions come from mirror image positions on opposite sides of a beam axis, and the positive and negative ions are identical, the trajectories will be symmetrical and the positive and negative ion beams will merge into a single neutral beam as they leave the pole face of the electromagnet. The ion sources are preferably multicusp plasma ion sources. The ion sources may include a multi-aperture extraction system for increasing ion current from the sources.
Download or read book Production and Neutralization of Negative Ions and Beams written by Joseph D. Sherman and published by American Inst. of Physics. This book was released on 2005-04-20 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This symposium addresses all aspects of H- and D- sources, the formation of negative hydrogen and deuterium beams from these sources, and their beam transport properties. The discussion includes both the latest theoretical and experimental work in these areas. The negative ion sources are multicusp, Penning, magnetron, rf (1-13 MHz), surface converter, microwave/ECR (GHz frequency), and polarized source types. Experimental work also includes beam chopping, space-charge lenses, optimized negative ion extraction systems, and beam diagnostics. The negative ion production mechanisms are volume (pure hydrogen or deuterium discharge) and surface production using cesium or other alkali metal to catalyze negative ion production. Theoretical analyses include plasma chemistry, particle-in-cell modeling, and H-/D- extraction physics simulations. The main applications for H- sources are in high-energy neutral beam injectors for fusion reactors and H- sources for charge exchange injection into synchrotrons or spallation neutron source storage rings.
Download or read book Production and Neutralization of Negative Ions and Beams written by Joseph D. Sherman and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 2005-04-20 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This symposium addresses all aspects of H- and D- sources, the formation of negative hydrogen and deuterium beams from these sources, and their beam transport properties. The discussion includes both the latest theoretical and experimental work in these areas. The negative ion sources are multicusp, Penning, magnetron, rf (1-13 MHz), surface converter, microwave/ECR (GHz frequency), and polarized source types. Experimental work also includes beam chopping, space-charge lenses, optimized negative ion extraction systems, and beam diagnostics. The negative ion production mechanisms are volume (pure hydrogen or deuterium discharge) and surface production using cesium or other alkali metal to catalyze negative ion production. Theoretical analyses include plasma chemistry, particle-in-cell modeling, and H-/D- extraction physics simulations. The main applications for H- sources are in high-energy neutral beam injectors for fusion reactors and H- sources for charge exchange injection into synchrotrons or spallation neutron source storage rings.
Download or read book Production and Neutralization of Negative Ion Beams written by Ady Hershcovitch and published by American Institute of Physics. This book was released on 1990 with total page 848 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Production of Neutral Beams from Negative Ion Beam Systems in the USSR written by Nikita Wells and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report, a sequel to (The Development of High-Intensity Negative Ion Sources and Beams in the USSR), R-2816-ARPA, examines (1) Soviet research on the formation of intense, high-energy neutral particle beams and the associated investigation of charge exchange and beam stripping and (2) the deployment in the USSR of high-intensity negative ion sources of the direct-extraction and double-charge-exchange types, beam neutralizers, and neutral beam injectors, as reported in Soviet open-source technical publications. Based on open-source literature, the study finds no overt exoatmospheric particle-beam weapons in the USSR. The author suggest, however, that such a program may exist as a classified effort paralleling the nuclear fusion research described in the literature. Originator supplied keywords include: Thermonuclear reactions; Plasma temperatures; and Charged particles.
Download or read book Production and Neutralization of Negative Ions and Beams written by Krsto Prelec and published by AIP Conference Proceedings (Nu. This book was released on 1984 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Production and Neutralization of Negative Ions and Beams written by Krsto Prelec and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 632 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Negative Ion Production for Neutral Beam Systems written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Comparison of Methods for the Production of Neutral Beams written by L. D. Stewart and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Production of Neutral Beams From Negative Ion Beam Systems in the USSR written by Rand Corporation and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of Negative Ion Beam Driver Concepts for Heavy Ion Fusion written by L. R. Grisham and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 9 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Production and Neutralization of Negative Ions and Beams written by James G. Alessi and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 792 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Efficient Production of Neutral Beams by Photodetachment of Negative Ions written by and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A neutral fraction approaching 97 percent can be attained by photodetachment of negative ions if the photon density and thickness are adequate. This high efficiency of neutralization is desirable not only because of the improvement in power balance and power efficiency but also because of the increase in the useable beam current per module. Only modest improvements in commercial solid-state lasers are required to fulfill the requirements of a photodetachment cell for a fusion reactor. The wavelength of 0.85 x 10−4 cm is suitable with respect to the photodetachment cross section, the performance characteristics of present-day lasers, and the high reflectivity of the mirrors required for the optical cavity. Improvements may be possible by using resonances in the near ultraviolet region to enhance the photodetachment cross section. Three reactor-design studies were conducted and it was found that the required laser power is only economical for large injection systems in which beams of several hundred amperes are passed through a single optical cavity for photodetachment. The method is not economical for smaller systems.
Download or read book Neutral Beam Production Using Negative Ions written by and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Techniques for producing intense negative ion beams are discussed. These beams are required for intense neutral beam development at energies greater than 150 keV. Handling, acceleration, and stripping of negative ion beams are described.
Download or read book Summary of the Status of Negative ion based Neutral Beams written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Negative-ion-based neutral beam systems can perform multiple functions for fusion reactors, such as heating, current drive in tokamak reactors, and establishing and maintaining potential barriers in tandem mirror reactors. Practical systems operating continuously at the 200 keV, 1 MW level can be built using present-day technology. Ion sources have been demonstrated that produce D− beams with
Download or read book Perspective on the Role of Negative Ions and Ion Ion Plasmas in Heavy Ion Fusion Science Magnetic Fusion Energy and Related Fields written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Some years ago it was suggested that halogen negative ions [1]could offer a feasible alternative path to positive ions as a heavy ion fusion driver beam which would not suffer degradation due to electron accumulation in the accelerator and beam transport system, and which could be converted to a neutral beam by photodetachment near the chamber entrance if desired. Since then, experiments have demonstrated that negative halogen beams can be extracted and accelerated away from the gas plume near the source with a surviving current density close to what could be achieved with a positive ion of similar mass, and with comparable optical quality. In demonstrating the feasibility of halogen negative ions as heavy ion driver beams, ion - ion plasmas, an interesting and somewhat novel state of matter, were produced. These plasmas, produced near the extractor plane of the sources, appear, based upon many lines of experimental evidence, to consist of almost equal densities of positive and negative chlorine ions, with only a small component of free electrons. Serendipitously, the need to extract beams from this plasma for driver development provides a unique diagnostic tool to investigate the plasma, since each component - positive ions, negative ions, and electrons -- can be extracted and measured separately. We discuss the relevance of these observations to understanding negative ion beam extraction from electronegative plasmas such as halogens, or the more familiar hydrogen of magnetic fusion ion sources. We suggest a concept which might improve negative hydrogen extraction by the addition of a halogen. The possibility and challenges of producing ion-ion plasmas with thin targets of halogens or, perhaps, salt, is briefly addressed.
Download or read book Atomic Multielectron Processes written by Viatcheslav Shevelko and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic Multielectron Processes is the first comprehensive collection of the data (mostly cross sections and methods) devoted to the multielectron transitions in atoms and ions induced by single collisions with charged particles and photons. The book covers the fundamental ranges of atomic physics which helps understanding the nature of many particle transitions.
