Download or read book Population Inversions in an Expanding Gas written by John David Anderson (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well established that population inversions between the (001) and (100) vibrational energy levels of CO2 can be created by rapid expansions of CO2-N2-H2O or He mixtures through supersonic nozzles. New experimental results are presented for such inversions. These experiments were conducted in both the 3-Megawatt Arc Tunnel and the 12.7 cm Shock Tunnel at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory. The results support previously published theoretical predictions obtained with a numerical, time-dependent, nonequilibrium nozzle flow analysis employing a simplified vibrational kinetic model. This theory is also compared with experimental data obtained by other investigators. (Author).
Download or read book A Time dependent Quasi one dimensional Analysis of Population Inversions in an Expanding Gas written by John David Anderson (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A time-dependent technique for the numerical solution of convergent-divergent, nonequilibrium nozzle flows was used to analyze the rapid, vibrational nonequlibrium, supersonic expansion of CO2-N2-H2O and CO2-N2-He mixtures, wherein the finite rate molecular energy transfer processes can result in a population inversion between the (001) and (100) vibrational energy levels of CO2. Results for such population inversions are presented. Among these, a comparison was made between the present results and the recent results of Basov et al; this comparison indicates that Basov's calculations overestimate the population inversion in an expanding mixture of CO2 and N2. In addition, results are presented from a series of numerical experiments conducted to assess the validity of several simplified methods for computing population inversions. (Author).
Download or read book Population Inversions in an Expanding Gas Theory and Experiment written by John D Anderson (Jr) and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well established that population inversions between the (001) and (100) vibrational energy levels of CO2 can be created by rapid expansions of CO2-N2-H2O or He mixtures through supersonic nozzles. New experimental results are presented for such inversions. These experiments were conducted in both the 3-Megawatt Arc Tunnel and the 12.7 cm Shock Tunnel at the Naval Ordnance Laboratory. The results support previously published theoretical predictions obtained with a numerical, time-dependent, nonequilibrium nozzle flow analysis employing a simplified vibrational kinetic model. This theory is also compared with experimental data obtained by other investigators. (Author).
Download or read book A Time dependent Quasi one dimensional Analysis of Population Inversions in an Expanding Gas written by and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A time-dependent technique for the numerical solution of convergent-divergent, nonequilibrium nozzle flows was used to analyze the rapid, vibrational nonequlibrium, supersonic expansion of CO2-N2-H2O and CO2-N2-He mixtures, wherein the finite rate molecular energy transfer processes can result in a population inversion between the (001) and (100) vibrational energy levels of CO2. Results for such population inversions are presented. Among these, a comparison was made between the present results and the recent results of Basov et al; this comparison indicates that Basov's calculations overestimate the population inversion in an expanding mixture of CO2 and N2. In addition, results are presented from a series of numerical experiments conducted to assess the validity of several simplified methods for computing population inversions. (Author).
Download or read book Population Inversion in Adiabatic Expansion of a Gas Mixture written by V. K. Konyukhov and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper shows that adiabatic expansion of certain mixtures of molecular gases gives rise to the condition of population inversion in terms of vibrational levels existing for a certain time. To achieve this the molecules of the mixture should have substantially different vibrational relaxation times and should be capable of exchanging the energy of the vibrational excitation. (Author).
Download or read book Vibrational Population Inversions Within Normal Shock Waves in CO2 N2 He Mixtures written by John David Anderson (Jr.) and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical solutions are given for vibrational population inversions created in CO2-N2-He mixtures due to shock wave heating of a cold gas. The results indicate that population inversions between the (040) and (001) energy levels of CO2 and, to a lesser degree, between the (200) and (001) levels, can be created in the vibrational nonequilibrium flow behind a normal shock front. The properties of these inversions as a possible laser medium are assessed; the results indicate that the laser properties of this shock-induced nonequilibrium flow are not as promising as those of lasers operating on the principle of rapid expansions. (Author).
Download or read book Nuclear Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1976-04 with total page 912 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Laser Physics and Technology written by Pradeep Kumar Gupta and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-11-06 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book, ‘Laser Physics and Technology’, addresses fundamentals of laser physics, representative laser systems and techniques, and some important applications of lasers. The present volume is a collection of articles based on some of the lectures delivered at the School on ‘Laser Physics and Technology’ organized at Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology during March, 12-30, 2012. The objective of the School was to provide an in-depth knowledge of the important aspects of laser physics and technology to doctoral students and young researchers and motivate them for further work in this area. In keeping with this objective, the fourteen chapters, written by leading Indian experts, based on the lectures delivered by them at the School, provide along with class room type coverage of the fundamentals of the field, a brief review of the current status of the field. The book will be useful for doctoral students and young scientists who are embarking on a research in this area as well as to professionals who would be interested in knowing the current state of the field particularly in Indian context.
Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 1036 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Gasdynamic Lasers An Introduction written by John D. Jr. Anderson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gasdynamic Lasers: An Introduction is a 12-chapter introductory text to major development generations of gasdynamic lasers, focusing on their underlying physical and fundamental aspects. The opening chapters discuss the basic detailed physical phenomena that ultimately are responsible for producing gasdynamic laser action and the methods of calculating the performance of these devices. These topics are followed by a chapter on confirmation of the performance calculations through arc and shock tunnel experiments. The discussion then shifts to vibrational relaxation process behind normal shock waves in CO2-N2-He mixtures and assesses their population inversions occurring in the nonequilibrium flow. Other chapters explore the concepts of downstream mixing and optical cavity in gasdynamic lasers, as well as the laser beam extracted from these devices. A systematic study of aerodynamic windows that use supersonic flow across the aperture is presented in the concluding chapters, along with the phenomena associated with gasdynamic laser diffusers. This introductory text will be of great value to professional scientists and engineers, as well as to students and workers in the field who are interested in interdisciplinary applied science.
Download or read book Principles of Lasers written by Orazio Svelto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 612 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is motivated by the very favorable reception given to the previous editions as well as by the considerable range of new developments in the laser field since the publication of the third edition in 1989. These new developments include, among others, quantum-well and muitiple-quantum-welliasers, diode-pumped solid-state lasers, new concepts for both stable and unstable resonators, femtosecond lasers, ultra-high-brightness lasers, etc. This edition thus represents a radically revised version of the preceding edition, amounting essentially to a new book in its own right. However, the basic aim has remained the same, namely to provide a broad and unified description of laser behavior at the simplest level which is compatible with a correct physical understanding. The book is therefore intended as a textbook for a senior-level or first-year graduate course and/or as a reference book. The most relevant additions or changes to this edition can be summarized as follows: 1. A much-more detailed description of Amplified Spontaneous Emission has been given (Chapter 2) and a novel simplified treatment of this phenomenon, both for homogeneous and inhomogeneous lines, has been introduced (Appendix C). 2. A major fraction of a new chapter (Chapter 3) is dedicated to the interaction of radiation with semiconductor media, either in a bulk form or in a quantum-confined structure (quantum-well, quantum-wire and quantum dot). 3.
Download or read book CO2 Lasers Effects and Applications written by W Duley and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: CO2 Lasers: Effects and Applications examines and summarizes the important applications of the device in different areas of study like physics, chemistry, and engineering. In some parts of the book, the reader is assumed to be knowledgeable in university level mathematics or some specialized area in physics or chemistry. The book consists of 10 chapters where the first two establish the general concepts on lasers and CO2 lasers, respectively. Chapter 3 takes the reader further and presents a comprehensive review of optical components for use such as detectors, windows, and mirrors. Because the CO2 laser is mostly used as a heat source, the theory of laser-surface heating is relevant in the discussion. This theory is presented in Chapter 4. Chapters 5 and 6 meanwhile present a summary of observations on cutting, welding, and some related topics. The following chapters discuss the different applications of CO2 lasers in different areas and processes. Some of these applications include in the generation of thermal effect, laser deposition of thin films, spectroscopy, laser photochemistry, and meteorology and communication systems. The text is a good source of reference to both students and scientists in the areas of physics, chemistry, and engineering.
Download or read book NASA Technical Note written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Lasers written by Hans Joachim Eichler and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-11-19 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of laser sources and their applications in various fields of science, industry, and technology. After an introduction to the basics of laser physics, different laser types and materials for lasers are summarized in the context of a historical survey, outlining the evolution of the laser over the past five decades. This includes, amongst other aspects, gas lasers, excimer lasers, the wide range of solid-state and semiconductor lasers, and femtosecond and other pulsed lasers where particular attention is paid to high-power sources. Subsequent chapters address related topics such as laser modulation and nonlinear frequency conversion. In closing, the enormous importance of the laser is demonstrated by highlighting its current applications in everyday life and its potential for future developments. Typical applications in advanced material processing, medicine and biophotonics as well as plasma and X-ray generation for nanoscale lithography are discussed. The book provides broad and topical coverage of laser photonics and opto-electronics, focusing on significant findings and recent advances rather than in-depth theoretical studies. Thus, it is intended not only for university students and engineers, but also for scientists and professionals applying lasers in biomedicine, material processing and everyday consumer products. Further, it represents essential reading for engineers using or developing high-power lasers for scientific or industrial applications.
Download or read book A Cold Flow Field Experimental Study Associated with a Two dimensional Multiple Nozzle written by Jerry L. Wagner and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A cold flow-field study of a rapid expansion, Mach 4.73, two-dimensional multiple nozzle array has been carried out in the hypersonic wind Tunnel. The nozzles are of the type used in a gas dynamic laser where the quality of the downstream flow field is important. The report examines the uniformity of the flow field in such a multiple nozzle array. Tests were conducted at supply conditions of 45 psia and 540 deg R. Pitot pressure, static pressure, and total temperature were measured along the axial, vertical, and horizontal centerlines within the nozzle and 21 nozzle exit heights downstream. Shadowgraph pictures provided qualitative flow field observations. The shock structure consisted of sidewall shocks, nozzle trailing edge shocks, and nozzle throat shocks. Viscous phenomena consisted of the boundary layers on the sidewalls and contoured walls, as well as the turbulent wakes caused by the trailing edges of the center nozzle blades. Mach number, static temperature, static density, and velocity profiles are presented. This flowfield information is useful to the prediction of the degradation of beam quality resulting from the non-homogeneity of a gas-dynamic-laser flowfield.
Download or read book Introduction to Laser Technology written by C. Breck Hitz and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-04-05 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrical Engineering Introduction to Laser Technology, Third Edition Would you like to know how a laser works, and how it can be modified for your own specific tasks? This intuitive third edition-previously published as Understanding Laser Technology, First and Second Editions-introduces engineers, scientists, technicians, and novices alike to the world of modern lasers, without delving into the mathematical details of quantum electronics. It is the only introductory text on the market today that explains the underlying physics and engineering applicable to all lasers. A unique combination of clarity and technical depth, this book begins with an introductory chapter that explains the characteristics and important applications of commercial lasers worldwide. It proceeds with discussions on light and optics, the fundamental elements of lasers, and laser modification. The concluding chapters are composed of a survey of modern lasers, including: Semiconductor lasers Optically pumped solid-state lasers Ion, HeNe, and HeCd lasers Carbon dioxide lasers Excimer lasers (codiscovered by J. J. Ewing) Ultrafast and tunable lasers, OPOs Introduction to Laser Technology, Third Edition is intended for those who are familiar with the principles of electro-optical technology, but possess limited formal training. This comprehensive treatment is essential, one-stop shopping for professionals, students, and non-engineer executives interested in the design, sales, or applications of the laser and electro-optics industry.
Download or read book Air Pollution Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
