Download or read book Polymerized Ionic Liquids written by Ali Eftekhari and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series covers the fundamentals and applications of different smart material systems from renowned international experts.
Download or read book Polymerized Ionic Liquids written by Ali Eftekhari and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The applications of ionic liquids can be enormously expanded by arranging the organic ions in the form of a polymer architecture. Polymerized ionic liquids (PILs), also known as poly(ionic liquid)s or polymeric ionic liquids, provide almost all features of ionic polymers plus a rare versatility in design. The mechanical properties of the solid or solid-like polymers can also be controlled by external stimuli, the basis for designing smart materials. Known for over four decades, PILs are a member of the ionic polymers family. Although the previous forms of ionic polymers have a partial ionicity, PILs are entirely composed of ions. Therefore, they offer a better flexibility for designing a responsive architecture as smart materials. Despite the terminology, PILs can be synthesized from solid organic ionic salts since the monomer liquidity is not a requirement for the polymerization process. Ionicity can also be induced to a neutral polymer by post-polymerization treatments. This is indeed an emerging field whose capabilities have been somehow overshadowed by the popularity of ionic liquids. However, recent reports in the literature have shown impressive potentials for the future. Written by leading authors, the present book provides a comprehensive overview of this exciting area, discussing various aspects of PILs and their applications as smart materials. Owing to the novelty of this area of research, the book will appeal to a broad readership including students and researchers from materials science, polymer science, chemistry, and physics.
Download or read book Molecular Design of Polymerized Ionic Liquids written by Gabriel Eduardo Sanoja and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymerized ionic liquids are an emerging class of functional materials with ionic liquid moieties covalently attached to a polymer backbone. As such, they synergistically combine the structural hierarchy of polymers with the versatile physicochemical properties of ionic liquids. Unlike other ion-containing polymers that are typically constrained to high glass transition temperatures, polymerized ionic liquids can exhibit low glass transition temperatures due to weak electrostatic interactions even at high charge fractions. Promising applications relevant to electrochemical energy conversion and CO2 capture and sequestration have been demonstrated for polymerized ionic liquids, but a molecular design strategy that allows for elucidation of their structure-property relationships is yet to be developed. A combination of anionic polymerization, click chemistry, and ion metathesis allows for fine and independent control over polymer properties including the number of repeat units, fraction of ionic liquid moieties, composition, and architecture. This strategy has been exploited to elucidate the effect of lamellar domain spacing on the ionic conductivity of block copolymers based on hydrated protic polymerized ionic liquids. The conductivity relationship demonstrated in this study suggests that a mechanically robust material can be designed without compromising its ability to transport ions. The vast set of ion pair combinations in polymerized liquids provides a unique opportunity to develop functional materials where properties can be controlled with subtle changes in molecular structure via ion metathesis. We illustrate the case of a polymerized ionic liquid that combines the low toxicity and macromolecular dimensions of poly(ethylene glycol) with the magnetic functionality of ion pairs containing iron(III). This material can yield novel theranostic agents with controlled residence time within the human body, and paramagnetic functionality to enhance 1H nuclei relaxation rate required for medical imaging. Finally, the molecular design strategy is expanded to incorporate ion pairs based on metal-ligand coordination bonds between cations and imidazole moieties tethered to the polymer backbone. This illustrates a general approach for using chelating polymers with appropriate metal-ligand interactions to design high conductivity and tunable modulus polymer electrolytes.
Download or read book Applications of Ionic Liquids in Polymer Science and Technology written by David Mecerreyes and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-08 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the latest knowledge in the science and technology of ionic liquids and polymers in different areas. Ionic liquids (IL) are actively being investigated in polymer science and technology for a number of different applications. In the first part of the book the authors present the particular properties of ionic liquids as speciality solvents. The state-of-the art in the use of ionic liquids in polymer synthesis and modification reactions including polymer recycling is outlined. The second part focuses on the use of ionic liquids as speciality additives such as plasticizers or antistatic agents. The third part examines the use of ionic liquids in the design of functional polymers (usually called polymeric ionic liquids (PIL) or poly(ionic liquids)). Many important applications in diverse scientific and industrial areas rely on these polymers, like polymer electrolytes in electrochemical devices, building blocks in materials science, nanocomposites, gas membranes, innovative anion sensitive materials, smart surfaces, and a countless set range of emerging applications in different fields such as energy, optoelectronics, analytical chemistry, biotechnology, nanomedicine or catalysis.
Download or read book Electrochemical Aspects of Ionic Liquids written by Hiroyuki Ohno and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-03-03 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition is based on the original book, which has been revised, updated and expanded in order to cover the latest information on this rapidly growing field. The book begins with a description of general and electrochemical properties of ionic liquids and continues with a discussion of applications in biochemistry, ionic devices, functional design and polymeric ionic liquids. The new edition includes new chapters on Li ion Batteries and Actuators, as well as a revision of existing chapters to include a discussion on purification and the effects of impurities, adsorption of ionic liquids on interfaces and on the electrochemical double layer, among other topics.
Download or read book Investigations Into Ion Transport Properties of Polymerized Ionic Liquids and Related Materials written by Jordan Reynolds Keith and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 464 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The body of work on polymerized ionic liquids has been growing rapidly in recent years as researchers expand the synthesis space to achieve novel membrane materials with high conductivity, excellent mechanical stability, and high transference number. Despite progress in identifying specific new polymers and useful properties, there has been limited agreement over the mechanism for ion transport in these materials. It is essential that we resolve said mechanism for polymerized-ionic-liquid conduction, with the goal of streamlining future material design. Molecular dynamics is an excellent tool for analyzing local coordination behavior, ion-hopping pathways, and other phenomena of length- and time-scales that are currently inaccessible to direct experimental observation. Ion transport is seen to proceed via a "climbing the ladder" mechanism involving the formation and breaking of ion-association pairs with, on average, four polymerized ions from two polymer chains. This results in a link between ion-association lifetime and diffusivity for chemically similar polymerized ionic liquids, a feature that distinguishes polymerized ionic liquids from a broad class of polymer electrolytes and low fragility ionomers. This is also shown to be the case for a set of backbone-polymerized ionic liquids, when compared to a chemically similar pendent-polymerized ionic liquid. This is particularly interesting because the pendent architectural motif proves to have significantly higher reversibility of ion-hopping events. The application of design rules inspired by this research has already led to the experimental discovery of highly decoupled polymerized ionic liquids with excellent conductivity at ambient temperature. Parametric simulation studies of poly(vinylimidazolium) polymerized ionic liquids and counterion variants have revealed a decoupling of ion mobility from polymer segmental dynamics. Small counterions are generally more decoupled, but results show that size is not the sole arbiter. For this set of different chemical components, encompassed by the anionic study, ion-association relaxation time, rather than lifetime, was proven to better correlate with diffusivity. Similar physics is observed between polymerized ionic liquids and salt-doped polymerized zwitterions for the population of mobile ions whose polymerized counter-charge is located on the end of a monomeric pendant. However, the cage-relaxation timescale appears to correlate better with diffusivity for the opposite ion in such materials
Download or read book Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids written by Mohammed Rahman and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2018-09-26 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent Advances in Ionic Liquids contains research on the preparation, characterization, and potential applications of stable ionic liquids (ILs). ILs are a class of low- and stable-melting point, ionic compounds that have a variety of properties allowing many of them to be sustainable green solvents. It is promising novel research from top to bottom and has received a lot of interest over the last few decades. It covers the advanced topics of physical, catalytic, chemical, polymeric, and potential applications of ILs. This book features interesting reports on cutting-edge science and technology related to the preparation, characterization, polymerization, and potential applications of ILs. This potentially unique work offers various approaches on the R
Download or read book Advanced Applications of Ionic Liquids written by Jamal Akhter Siddique and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2022-11-02 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Applications of Ionic Liquids discusses the intersection of nanotechnology with ionic liquids (ILs) and materials, along with opportunities for advanced engineering applications in various research fields. Novel materials at nano scales with ILs creates an upsurge in the thermal and electrochemical constancy of the nano scale particles, making them ideal for industrial applications. The implementation of ILs at nano scale includes an interaction of constituents, which is beneficial for electron transfer reactions. These new composites can be implemented as sensors, electronics, catalysts and photonics. Including ILs in polymer composites enhance electrochemical consistency, govern particle size, upsurge conductivity, reduce toxicity, and more. This book is a comprehensive reference for researchers working with IL based technologies for environmental and energy applications. Covers all industrial aspects and advanced applications of ionic liquids (ILs) Discusses the advanced applications of ILs across multiple fields, including industrial chemistry and chemical engineering Includes a discussion of the use of ionic liquids in functional polymers, with applications for catalysis, energy conservation, sensors, and more
Download or read book Ionic Polymer Metal Composites IMPCs written by Mohsen Shahinpoor and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2016 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive resource on ionic polymer metal composites (IPMCs) edited by the leading authority on the subject.
Download or read book Capillary Electromigration Separation Methods written by Colin F. Poole and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-04-13 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Capillary Electromigration Separation Methods is a thorough, encompassing reference that not only defines the concept of contemporary practice, but also demonstrates its implementation in laboratory science. Chapters are authored by recognized experts in the field, ensuring that the content reflects the latest developments in research. Thorough, comprehensive coverage makes this the ideal reference for project planning, and extensive selected referencing facilitates identification of key information. The book defines the concept of contemporary practice in capillary electromigration separation methods, also discussing its applications in small mass ions, stereoisomers, and proteins. Edited and authored by world-leading capillary electrophoresis experts Presents comprehensive coverage on the subject Includes extensive referencing that facilitates the identification of key research developments Provides more than 50 figures and tables that aid in the retention of key concepts
Download or read book Photopolymerisation Initiating Systems written by Jacques Lalevée and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2018-08-10 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoinitiating systems play a key role in the starting point of a polymerization reaction under exposure to a UV or a visible light. The number of publications discussing photoinitiating systems for polymerization has seen a significant growth in recent years and this book provides an update on their latest research developments. The book covers different types of photoinitiating systems including UV radical photoinitiators, long wavelength sensitive radical photoinitiators, cationic photoinitiators and water soluble photoinitiators as well as a chapter on how to design novel photoinitiators. The book then focusses on the applications of the photoinitiators from nanoparticles and materials to ionic liquids and solar cells. Edited by leading names in the field, the book is suitable for postgraduate students and researchers in academia and industry interested in polymer chemistry, organic chemistry, materials science and the applications of the materials.
Download or read book Ionic Liquids in Polymer Systems written by Robin D. Rogers and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book includes manuscripts from well-recognized international research groups that have taken different approaches to using ionic liquids in a variety of polymer applications. The chapters on polymer synthesis cover traditional free radical polymerizations, which have been shown to progress rapidly and yield high molecular weight polymers, and reverse atom transfer polymerizations. The ability to tune molecular weights and synthesize block copolymers has been attributed to long free radical lifetimes in ionic liquids. Other chapters cover a variety of uses for ionic liquids in polymer processing, designing specific material properties, and creating novel composites, such as ion gels and ionic liquid-carbon nanotube constructs. This book represents a new and exciting field in polymer chemistry and physics, and is growing rapidly as more fundamental knowledge of ionic liquids is uncovered.
Download or read book Polymerized Ionic Liquids by Condensation Polymerization written by Harshit Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ionic liquids have been used in free radical polymerizations to make polymerized ionic liquid (PIL) materials of various types. PIL gels based on imidazolium cations have been found to exhibit an anion-exchange induced stimuli responsiveness. This thesis explores incorporation of ionic liquids in polyurethane (PU) polymers to make PIL PU gels and dispersions through condensation polymerization. PIL gels are synthesized through a single-pot approach that show stimuli response to solvents. This approach allows one to make these gels rapidly and cheaply on-site. These gels can reversibly porate in different solvents and are found to be porous when analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM). PIL based resins are also made in two steps, that show self-dispersion properties in water forming thermodynamically stable nano-scale particles. These materials can be transported as 100% solid resins, where they can be transformed into polyurethane dispersions (PUDs) onsite. These particles also show stimuli responsiveness to different anions and solvents.
Download or read book Modern Problems of the Physics of Liquid Systems written by Leonid A. Bulavin and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a collection of selected reviews from PLMMP 2018 that address modern problems in the fields of liquids, solutions and confined systems, critical phenomena, as well as colloidal and biological systems. The papers focus on state-of-the-art developments in the contemporary physics of liquid matter, and are divided into four parts: (i) water and water systems, (ii) physical–chemical properties of liquid systems, (iii) aggregation in liquid systems, and (iv) biological aspects of liquid systems, irradiation influences on liquid systems. Taken together, they cover the latest developments in the broader field of liquid states, including interdisciplinary problems.
Download or read book Materials for Carbon Capture written by De-en Jiang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-02-25 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers a wide range of advanced materials and technologies for CO2 capture As a frontier research area, carbon capture has been a major driving force behind many materials technologies. This book highlights the current state-of-the-art in materials for carbon capture, providing a comprehensive understanding of separations ranging from solid sorbents to liquid sorbents and membranes. Filled with diverse and unconventional topics throughout, it seeks to inspire students, as well as experts, to go beyond the novel materials highlighted and develop new materials with enhanced separations properties. Edited by leading authorities in the field, Materials for Carbon Capture offers in-depth chapters covering: CO2 Capture and Separation of Metal-Organic Frameworks; Porous Carbon Materials: Designed Synthesis and CO2 Capture; Porous Aromatic Frameworks for Carbon Dioxide Capture; and Virtual Screening of Materials for Carbon Capture. Other chapters look at Ultrathin Membranes for Gas Separation; Polymeric Membranes; Carbon Membranes for CO2 Separation; and Composite Materials for Carbon Captures. The book finishes with sections on Poly(amidoamine) Dendrimers for Carbon Capture and Ionic Liquids for Chemisorption of CO2 and Ionic Liquid-Based Membranes. A comprehensive overview and survey of the present status of materials and technologies for carbon capture Covers materials synthesis, gas separations, membrane fabrication, and CO2 removal to highlight recent progress in the materials and chemistry aspects of carbon capture Allows the reader to better understand the challenges and opportunities in carbon capture Edited by leading experts working on materials and membranes for carbon separation and capture Materials for Carbon Capture is an excellent book for advanced students of chemistry, materials science, chemical and energy engineering, and early career scientists who are interested in carbon capture. It will also be of great benefit to researchers in academia, national labs, research institutes, and industry working in the field of gas separations and carbon capture.
Download or read book Ion Transport and Dynamics in Polymerized Ionic Liquids written by Maximilian Ferdinand Heres Heres and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Polymerized ionic liquids, polyILs, are a novel type of solid polymer electrolyte with possible applications in energy conversion or storage devices. The key to unlocking the true potential ionic conductivity and mechanical strength of polyILs lies in the strategic design of the chemical structure which, facilitates fast ion transport in a thermally stable material. To shed light onto the structure-property relationship in polymerized ionic liquids, this dissertation presents experimental studies on the impact of molecular structure and spatial confinement on ion dynamics in ammonium- and imidazolium-based polymerized ionic liquids with various chemical structures. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy is used alongside X-ray scattering and differential scanning calorimetry to investigate the impact of alkyl pendant group length and poly-cation chemical structure on counter-ion mobility. It is found that the ion mobility in ammonium-based polymerized ionic liquids is more sensitive to variation of the molecular surrounding of the poly-cation, compared to their imidazolium-based counterparts. Furthermore, it is shown that the cation chemistry plays a more significant role than the cation location relative to the backbone, which is an important design handle when selecting the molecular chemistry of the material for a specific application. Ultra thin polymer films have a large ratio of interface to bulk material, which due to electrostatic interactions and confinement effects, can drastically alter dielectric properties. Broadband dielectric spectroscopy in combination with a nano-structured electrode configuration is used to investigate ion dynamics in ultra-thin films of polymerized ionic liquids as thin as 7.5 nm. Ion dynamics remain unaltered at low temperatures, while a decrease in the characteristic ion hopping rate is observed above the Tg̳ of the bulk polyIL. With this experimental approach the structural relaxation of an ammonium based polymerized ionic liquid film of 15nm thickness is measured. The ionic conductivity and structural relaxation data presented in this work provides valuable strategic information for designing electrode materials compatible with solid polymer electrolyte thin films, and smart choice of chemical structures to avoid parasitic losses due to electrode polarization in thin film geometries.
Download or read book Microwave assisted Polymer Synthesis written by Richard Hoogenboom and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-09-02 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Advances in Polymer Science presents critical reviews of the present and future trends in polymer and biopolymer science. It covers all areas of research in polymer and biopolymer science including chemistry, physical chemistry, physics, material science.The thematic volumes are addressed to scientists, whether at universities or in industry, who wish to keep abreast of the important advances in the covered topics.Advances in Polymer Science enjoys a longstanding tradition and good reputation in its community. Each volume is dedicated to a current topic, and each review critically surveys one aspect of that topic, to place it within the context of the volume. The volumes typically summarize the significant developments of the last 5 to 10 years and discuss them critically, presenting selected examples, explaining and illustrating the important principles, and bringing together many important references of primary literature. On that basis, future research directions in the area can be discussed. Advances in Polymer Science volumes thus are important references for every polymer scientist, as well as for other scientists interested in polymer science - as an introduction to a neighboring field, or as a compilation of detailed information for the specialist.Review articles for the individual volumes are invited by the volume editors. Single contributions can be specially commissioned.Readership: Polymer scientists, or scientists in related fields interested in polymer and biopolymer science, at universities or in industry, graduate students
