Download or read book Polymer Precursors from Catalytic Reactions of Natural Oils written by Marc R. L. Furst and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sustainable Catalysis written by Peter J. Dunn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-01 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Opens the door to the sustainable production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals Driven by both public demand and government regulations, pharmaceutical and fine chemical manufacturers are increasingly seeking to replace stoichiometric reagents used in synthetic transformations with catalytic routes in order to develop greener, safer, and more cost-effective chemical processes. This book supports the discovery, development, and implementation of new catalytic methodologies on a process scale, opening the door to the sustainable production of pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals. Pairing contributions from leading academic and industrial researchers, Sustainable Catalysis focuses on key areas that are particularly important for the fine chemical and pharmaceutical industries, including chemo-, bio-, and organo-catalytic approaches to C H, C N, and C C bond-forming reactions. Chapters include academic overviews of current innovations and industrial case studies at the process scale, providing new insights into green catalytic methodologies from proof-of-concept to their applications in the synthesis of target organic molecules. Sustainable Catalysis provides the foundation needed to develop sustainable green synthetic procedures, with coverage of such emerging topics as: Catalytic reduction of amides avoiding LiAlH4 or B2H6 Synthesis of chiral amines using transaminases Industrial applications of boric acid and boronic acid catalyzed direct amidation reactions C H activation of heteroaromatics Organocatalysis for asymmetric synthesis Offering a balanced perspective on current limitations, challenges, and solutions, Sustainable Catalysis is recommended for synthetic organic chemists seeking to develop new methodologies and for industrial chemists dedicated to large-scale process development.
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide and Vegetable Oil for the Synthesis of Bio based Polymer Precursors written by Margot Alves and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although it is a thermodynamically and kinetically stable molecule, carbon dioxide can beconverted into five- and six-membered cyclic carbonates by coupling with epoxides or oxetanes, respectively, using appropriate catalysts. Cyclic carbonates are used as green solvents, electrolytes for Liion batteries or intermediates for the synthesis of polymers. However, the catalytic performance must be further enhanced in particular for the coupling of CO2 with epoxidized vegetable oils or oxetanes. In this context, we developed a new highly efficient bicomponent homogeneous organocatalyst composed of anammonium salt as the catalyst and fluorinated single or double hydrogen bond donors as co-catalysts. First,a screening of onium-based catalysts and hydrogen-bond donors was performed. Performances of thecatalysts and optimization of the reaction was realized through detailed kinetics studies using in-situ FTIR/Raman spectroscopy under pressure. We demonstrated that fluorinated alcohols showed unexpected co-catalytic activity due to synergisms between the onium salt and fluorinated co-catalysts enabling the fast and selective addition of CO2 on to model epoxides and epoxidized vegetable oils under solvent-free and mild experimental conditions. The use of this powerful dual catalyst was then extended to the first organocatalytic coupling of CO2 with less reactive oxetanes to produce hydroxyl telechelic oligocarbonates that were used asprecursor of CO2-based polyurethanes by chain-extension with a diisocyanate. In addition, a fine comprehension of the mechanisms was investigated by DFT calculations highlighting that the co-catalytic performance of the onium salt/fluorinated alcohol binary catalyst arose from the strong stabilization of the intermediates and transitions states by hydrogen-bonding. To date, through comparative studies, we evidenced that this new catalyst is one.
Download or read book Polymers from Plant Oils written by Alessandro Gandini and published by Smithers Rapra. This book was released on 2015-03-30 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an update on the field of polymers derived from vegetable oils. It highlights the remarkable progress achieved in all aspects of the discipline over the last decade, ranging from direct exploitation of triglycerides to their conversion into novel monomeric species and their polymerisation (including the properties and potential applications of the ensuing materials).After a general introduction that 'sets the stage' for better understanding of the various strategies and mechanist approaches, each one of them is discussed in detail in the appropriate chapter.Rather than attempting an uncritical comprehensive coverage of the large body of recent published work, the book purposely focuses on the originality of several systems in which novel mechanisms are being explored successfully (e.g., application of the thiol-ene reaction, metathesis, and Diels-Alder reactions to oils and their derivatives). Additional emphasis is placed on straightforward and technically viable processes that call upon utilisation of readily available precursors.The other important aspect of this book relates to the properties of the different materials: thermal transitions and stability; mechanical performances; biodegradability; aptitude for further chemical modification; readiness to form blends and composites.Readers who should find this book useful include polymer scientists and engineers working in academic and industrial sectors, as well as vegetable-oil chemists and researchers involved in the broader sustainability of exploitation of renewable resources, 'green' chemistry and implementation of bio-refineries.
Download or read book Green Chemistry and Green Materials from Plant Oils and Natural Acids written by Zengshe Liu and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2023-12-22 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is an increasing awareness that materials and chemicals produced from fossil fuels are not sustainable, both in terms of the pollution caused by the extraction and production processes, and the fact that there is only a finite supply of these fossil fuels. Therefore, there is a strong incentive to find sources for chemicals and materials from source materials that we know we can continue to generate. Plants are a source of a wide variety of chemicals, many with interesting properties, and these chemical feedstocks are considered renewable rather than finite. Green Chemistry and Green Materials from Plant Oils and Natural Acids covers the application of these natural materials in producing polymers, lubricants and plasticisers.
Download or read book Polymer Science A Comprehensive Reference written by and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2012-12-05 with total page 7752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The progress in polymer science is revealed in the chapters of Polymer Science: A Comprehensive Reference, Ten Volume Set. In Volume 1, this is reflected in the improved understanding of the properties of polymers in solution, in bulk and in confined situations such as in thin films. Volume 2 addresses new characterization techniques, such as high resolution optical microscopy, scanning probe microscopy and other procedures for surface and interface characterization. Volume 3 presents the great progress achieved in precise synthetic polymerization techniques for vinyl monomers to control macromolecular architecture: the development of metallocene and post-metallocene catalysis for olefin polymerization, new ionic polymerization procedures, and atom transfer radical polymerization, nitroxide mediated polymerization, and reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer systems as the most often used controlled/living radical polymerization methods. Volume 4 is devoted to kinetics, mechanisms and applications of ring opening polymerization of heterocyclic monomers and cycloolefins (ROMP), as well as to various less common polymerization techniques. Polycondensation and non-chain polymerizations, including dendrimer synthesis and various "click" procedures, are covered in Volume 5. Volume 6 focuses on several aspects of controlled macromolecular architectures and soft nano-objects including hybrids and bioconjugates. Many of the achievements would have not been possible without new characterization techniques like AFM that allowed direct imaging of single molecules and nano-objects with a precision available only recently. An entirely new aspect in polymer science is based on the combination of bottom-up methods such as polymer synthesis and molecularly programmed self-assembly with top-down structuring such as lithography and surface templating, as presented in Volume 7. It encompasses polymer and nanoparticle assembly in bulk and under confined conditions or influenced by an external field, including thin films, inorganic-organic hybrids, or nanofibers. Volume 8 expands these concepts focusing on applications in advanced technologies, e.g. in electronic industry and centers on combination with top down approach and functional properties like conductivity. Another type of functionality that is of rapidly increasing importance in polymer science is introduced in volume 9. It deals with various aspects of polymers in biology and medicine, including the response of living cells and tissue to the contact with biofunctional particles and surfaces. The last volume is devoted to the scope and potential provided by environmentally benign and green polymers, as well as energy-related polymers. They discuss new technologies needed for a sustainable economy in our world of limited resources. Provides broad and in-depth coverage of all aspects of polymer science from synthesis/polymerization, properties, and characterization methods and techniques to nanostructures, sustainability and energy, and biomedical uses of polymers Provides a definitive source for those entering or researching in this area by integrating the multidisciplinary aspects of the science into one unique, up-to-date reference work Electronic version has complete cross-referencing and multi-media components Volume editors are world experts in their field (including a Nobel Prize winner)
Download or read book Handbook of Composites from Renewable Materials Polymeric Composites written by Vijay Kumar Thakur and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-03-27 with total page 847 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique multidisciplinary 8-volume set focuses on the emerging issues concerning synthesis, characterization, design, manufacturing and various other aspects of composite materials from renewable materials and provides a shared platform for both researcher and industry. The Handbook of Composites from Renewable Materials comprises a set of 8 individual volumes that brings an interdisciplinary perspective to accomplish a more detailed understanding of the interplay between the synthesis, structure, characterization, processing, applications and performance of these advanced materials. The Handbook comprises 169 chapters from world renowned experts covering a multitude of natural polymers/ reinforcement/ fillers and biodegradable materials. Volume 6 is solely focused on the "Polymeric Composites". Some of the important topics include but not limited to: Keratin as renewable material for developing polymer composites; natural and synthetic matrices; hydrogels in tissue engineering; smart hydrogels: application in bioethanol production; principle renewable biopolymers; application of hydrogel biocomposites for multiple drug delivery; nontoxic holographic materials; bioplasticizer-epoxidized vegetable oils-based poly (lactic acid) blends and nanocomposites; preparation, characterization and adsorption properties of poly (DMAEA) – cross-linked starch gel copolymer in wastewater treatments; study of chitosan cross-linking hydrogels for absorption of antifungal drugs using molecular modelling; pharmaceutical delivery systems composed of chitosan; eco-friendly polymers for food packaging; influence of surface modification on the thermal stability and percentage of crystallinity of natural abaca fiber; influence of the use of natural fibers in composite materials assessed on a life cycle perspective; plant polysaccharides-blended ionotropically-gelled alginate multiple-unit systems for sustained drug release; vegetable oil based polymer composites; applications of chitosan derivatives in wastewater treatment; novel lignin-based materials as a products for various applications; biopolymers from renewable resources and thermoplastic starch matrix as polymer units of multi-component polymer systems for advanced applications; chitosan composites: preparation and applications in removing water pollutants and recent advancements in biopolymer composites for addressing environmental issues.
Download or read book Specialty Polymers written by Ram K. Gupta and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-01-31 with total page 493 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive volume provides current, state-of-the-art information on specialty polymers that can be used for many advanced applications. The book covers the fundamentals of specialty polymers, synthetic approaches, and chemistries to modify their properties to meet the requirements for special applications, along with current challenges and prospects. Chapters are written by global experts, making this a suitable textbook for students and a one-stop resource for researchers and industry professionals. Key Features: - Presents synthesis, characterization, and applications of specialty polymers for advanced applications. - Provides fundamentals and requirements for polymers to be used in many advanced and emerging areas. - Details novel methods and advanced technologies used in polymer industries. - Covers the state-of-the-art progress on specialty polymers for a range of advanced applications.
Download or read book Polymers from Plant Oils written by Alessandro Gandini and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-11-16 with total page 162 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this monograph is to provide a thorough outlook on the topic related to the synthesis and characterization of original macromolecular materials derived from plant oils, an important part of the broader steadily growing discipline of polymers from renewable resources. The interest in vegetable oils as sources of biodiesel and materials has witnessed a remarkable growth of scientific and industrial interest since the beginning of the third millennium responding to the pressing drive to implement sustainability in the energy and materials sectors. The book highlights the most relevant strategies being pursued to elaborate polymers derived from a variety of common oils, by direct activation or through chemical modifications yielding novel monomers. Because glycerol is the main byproduct of biodiesel production, it is treated here as the other logical source of macromolecular synthesis. Each of the different approaches is illustrated by an introductory layout of the underlying chemical mechanisms, followed by examples of notable achievements in terms of the properties and potential applications of the ensuing materials, which span a wide range of structures and performances. In particular, original pathways involving click-chemistry reactions as thiol-ene and Diels-Alder couplings and metathesis polymerizations are discussed and shown to reflect the involvement of a growing number of research programs worldwide. It is important to underline that the book is not a scientific review covering the details of all relevant literature, but instead a reasoned and well-documented presentation of the state-of-the-art aimed at professionals in the field of polymer science, as well as at both undergraduate and graduate students and, more generally at chemists interested in the rational exploitation of renewable resources.
Download or read book Polymeric Precursors for Ceramic Materials written by R. C. P. Cubbon and published by iSmithers Rapra Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This review describes the synthesis of polymeric precursors for silicon carbide, silicon carbonitride and silicon nitride ceramics, and looks at the properties of the resulting fibres. Alumina, boron nitride and boron carbide precursors are also considered. An additional indexed section containing several hundred abstracts from the Rapra Polymer Library database provides useful references for further reading.
Download or read book Bio Based Plant Oil Polymers and Composites written by Samy Madbouly and published by William Andrew. This book was released on 2015-08-27 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bio-based Plant Oil Polymers and Composites provides engineers and materials scientists a useful framework to help take advantage of the latest research conducted in this rapidly advancing field—enabling them to develop and commercialize their own products quickly and more successfully. Plant oil is one of the most attractive options as a substitute for non-renewable resources in polymers and composites, and is producing materials with very promising thermomechanical properties relative to traditional, petroleum-based polymers. In addition to critical processing and characterization information, the book assists engineers in deciding whether or not they should use a plant oil-based polymer over a petroleum-based polymer, discussing sustainability concerns, biodegradability, associated costs, and recommended applications. The book details the advancements in the development of polymeric materials and composites from plant oils, and provides a critical review of current applications in various fields, including packaging, biomedical, and automotive applications. Also includes the latest progress in developing multifunctional biobased polymers—by increasing thermal conductivity or adding antibacterial properties, for example. Essential coverage of processing, characterization, and the latest research into polymeric materials and composites derived from plant oils (thermoplastics, thermosets, nanocomposites, and fiber reinforced composites) Critically reviews the potential applications of plant oil-based polymers, including sensors, structural parts, medical devices, and automotive interiors Includes the latest developments in multifunctional bio-based polymer composites
Download or read book Advances in Refining Catalysis written by Deniz Uner and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-03-16 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To meet changing market demands that have stringent emission standards and to ensure proper performance in refinery units, evaluation of novel catalyst designs and results from material characterization and testing of catalysts are of crucial importance for refiners as well as for catalyst manufacturers. This book highlights recent developments in the application of refinery catalysts in selected units such as fluid catalytic cracking (FCC), hydrogen production for hydroprocessing units, hydrotreating, hydrocracking, and sustainable processing of biomass into biofuels.
Download or read book Organometallics for Green Catalysis written by Pierre H. Dixneuf and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-02-25 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the latest developments in the use of organometallic catalysis for the formation of bulk chemicals and the production of energy, via green processes including efficient utilization of waste feedstocks from industry. The chemistry of carbon dioxide relating to its hydrogenation into methanol –an eco-friendly energy storage strategy– and its uses as C1 synthon for the formation of important building-blocks for fine chemicals industry are covered. Catalytic hydrogenations of various functional groups and hydrogen transfer reactions including the use of first row metal catalysts are presented as well as the conversion of alcohols to carboxylates via hydrogen transfer with a zero-waste strategy using water. Transformation of renewable or bio-based raw materials is surveyed through alkene metathesis and C–O bond activations and functionalizations. A green aspect for selective formation of C-C, C-O and C-N bonds involves direct regioselective C–H bond activations and functionalizations. These transformations can now be promoted under mild reaction conditions due to the use photoredox catalyts. C–H bond oxidation using visible light leads mainly to the formation of C–O and C–N bonds, whereas cross-coupled C–C bonds can be formed through the radical additions on (hetero) arenes using photoredox assisted mechanism.
Download or read book Catalysis Looks to the Future written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1992-02-01 with total page 97 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The impact of catalysis on the nation's economy is evidenced by the fact that catalytic technologies generate U.S. sales in excess of $400 billion per year and a net positive balance of trade of $16 billion annually. This book outlines recent accomplishments in the science and technology of catalysis and summarizes important likely challenges and opportunities on the near horizon. It also presents recommendations for investment of financial and human resources by industry, academe, national laboratories, and relevant federal agencies if the nation is to maintain continuing leadership in this fieldâ€"one that is critical to the chemical and petroleum processing industries, essential for energy-efficient means for environmental protection, and vital for the production of a broad range of pharmaceuticals.
Download or read book Nanocatalysts in Biofuel Process Optimization written by Mohammad Rehan and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2021-11-26 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Green Metathesis Chemistry written by Valerian Dragutan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2009-09-30 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An outstanding international scientific event in the field of metathesis chemistry, the NATO ASI "Green Metathesis Chemistry: Great Challenges in Synthesis, Catalysis and Nanotechnology" has been recently organized in Bucharest, Romania (July 21- August 2, 2008). Numerous renowned scientists, young researchers and students, convened for two weeks to present and debate on the newest trends in alkene metathesis and identify future perspectives in this fascinating area of organic, organometallic, catalysis and polymer chemistry with foreseen important applications in materials science and technology. Following the fruitful practice of NATO Advanced Study Institutes, selected contributions covering plenary lectures, short communications and posters have been compiled in this special volume dedicated to this successful convention on green metathesis chemistry. General interest was primarily focused on relevant "green chemistry" features related to all types of metathesis reactions (RCM, CM, enyne metathesis, ADMET and ROMP). Diverse opportunities for green and sustainable technologies and industrial procedures based on metahesis have been identified. Largely exemplified was the utility of this broadly applicable strategy in organic synthesis, for accessing natural products and pharmaceuticals, and also its ability to fit in the manufacture of smart and nanostructured materials, self-assemblies with nanoscale morphologies, macromolecular engineering.
Download or read book Vegetable Oil Based Polymers written by Niranjan Karak and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-07-10 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growing need to find a sustainable, environmentally-friendly replacement for petroleum-based materials is fuelling the development of bio-based polymers from renewable resources. Amongst the most promising of these are vegetable oil-based polymeric materials. Vegetable oil-based polymers provides a comprehensive review of the research in this important field.After an introduction to classification and polymerization, Vegetable oil-based polymers goes on to review the factors involved in polymer biodegradation. The extraction, purification and application of vegetable oils are then explored, along with vegetable oil-based polyesters and poly(ester amide)s, polyurethanes and epoxies. The book then reviews polyamides, polyolefins and vegetable oil-based hyperbranched polymers. It concludes with an analysis of vegetable oil-based polymer composites and polymer nanocomposites.Vegetable oil-based polymers is an indispensable guide for all those involved in the research and development of biopolymers as well as the wide range of industries looking for more sustainable polymer materials. Provides a comprehensive review of recent research in the area of vegetable oil-based polymeric materials Discusses vegetable oils and their derivatives, biodegradable polymers and the fundamentals of polymers Explores the extraction, purification and application of vegetable oils, along with vegetable oil-based polyesters and poly(ester amide)s, polyurethanes and epoxies
