Download or read book Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers PBDEs in Indoor and Outdoor Environments written by Dudsadee Muenhor and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers PBDEs in Indoor Environments written by Jinyu Yang and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Exposure of Humans to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers PBDEs Via Residential Indoor Environment in the U S written by Hua He and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Child specific Exposure Factors Handbook written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Human Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers PBDES in the Indoor Environment written by Deborah Jean Watkins and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of brominated flame retardants that have been widely added to consumer products such as polyurethane foam furniture and electronics. Exposure to PBDEs has been associated with adverse effects on neurodevelopment and the endocrine system. House dust and diet are thought to be main sources of PBDE exposure, but the process by which these compounds are released from products and subsequently enter people is somewhat unclear. In addition, PBDE exposure in offices and vehicles has not been well characterized. The objectives of this work were to examine pathways of PBDE exposure in multiple indoor microenvironments among a population of 31 office workers. Associations between concurrent measures of PBDEs in office dust, air, and surface wipes, home dust, vehicle dust, handwipes, and serum were examined. Dietary exposure to PBDEs was also explored using a food frequency questionnaire. In Chapter 2 we report positive correlations between PBDEs in office air, dust, and surface wipes. Associations between the three samples types were influenced by the volatility of individual congeners, as well as characteristics of the surrounding environment. PentaBDEs in handwipes were equally correlated with office air, dust, and surface wipes, suggesting that the office microenvironment is a significant source of PentaBDE exposure among office workers. In Chapter 3 we explore relationships between PBDEs in office dust, handwipes, and serum. We found that handwipes collected in the office microenvironment were correlated with both office dust and serum, providing a link between the office microenvironment and body burden. This suggests that handwipes may provide a measure of personal exposure to PBDEs in the surrounding environment, and exposure likely occurs via hands, either through incidental ingestion or dermal absorption. In Chapter 4 we examine the relative contributions of diet and dust from the home, office, and car microenvironments to PentaBDE body burden. We found that the main living area and bedroom microenvironments of the home were the most predictive of PentaBDE concentrations in serum. Although previous studies found associations between meat and dairy intake and PentaBDE body burden, diet did not predict PentaBDEs in serum in this study population.
Download or read book Measurement and Modeling of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers PBDEs and Polychlorinated Biphenyls PCBs in the Indoor Environment written by Xianming Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The indoor environment is a potentially dominant source of exposure for polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). This thesis describes a study on levels, sources, emissions, and fate of PBDEs and PCBs indoors. PBDEs and PCBs air levels in 20 indoor environments in Toronto were sampled and measured. The geometric means of PBDE (Sigma10BDE) and PCB (Sigma35PCB) concentrations were 0.072 and 7.2 ng·m-3 respectively. Statistical analysis on chemical profiles distinguished the chemical sources in the 20 environments. A multimedia indoor environmental model was applied on two test rooms. Estimated PBDE and PCB emission rates were 5.4--550 ng·h -1 and 280--5870 ng·h-1 respectively. Particle movement dominates within-room transport processes, and dust removal and air advection are the main chemical loss processes. Temperature, particle concentration and deposition velocity, and air exchange rate are the most influential parameters, which can alter source or sink behaviors of household products for the chemicals.
Download or read book An Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers PBDEs in Sediments and Bivalves of the U S Coastal Zone written by K. L. Kimbrough and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report represents the first national assessment of PBDEs in the U.S. coastal zone. Results suggest that they are widely distributed nationally. Several regions, including the northern Mid-Atlantic, central Gulf of Mexico, Southern California, Pacific Northwest and the Great lakes have elevated PBDE concentrations compared with other coastal regions. Furthermore, PBDE concentrations are positively correlated with human population density along the U.S. coastline. The national and regional perspectives provided herein are intended to support research, local monitoring, and to assist resource managers and policy makers tasked with making regulatory decisions about these contaminants.
Download or read book Assessing Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers PBDEs in the Home Environment written by Joseph Gardner Allen and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of toxic fire retardant compounds commonly used in household furniture and electronics. Human exposure to PBDEs primarily occurs in the indoor environment and levels in household dust have been linked to PBDE levels in breast milk. Further investigation of the home environment was necessary to improve our understanding of how PBDE sources contribute to personal exposure via both air and dust. In our first paper, we reported the first personal air concentrations of PBDEs in a non- occupational setting, and the first air concentrations in the United States. Further, we reported on BDE 209, a congener not widely reported in air. Concentrations of PBDEs were higher in personal air than in area air, particularly for the less volatile compounds, consistent with a personal cloud effect. We found that inhalation exposure may account for up to 22% of BDE 209 exposure in adults, far higher than previously estimated. Our second paper evaluated factors critical to assessing exposure to PBDEs in house dust. Concentrations of PBDEs in dust did not exhibit temporal variability over an 8-month period suggesting that cross-sectional sampling may be representative of exposure. Researcher-collected dust was up to 3.3 times higher, on average, than dust from the home vacuum bag. Concentrations of PBDEs in dust were significantly higher in the main living area compared with the bedroom, indicating spatial heterogeneity within homes. PBDE concentrations in air and dust were correlated, but only for the pentaBDE congeners and not decaBDE. Lastly, two dust exposure metrics (ng/g and ng/m 2) were strongly correlated, suggesting similar dust loadings across homes in our sample. In our final paper, we used X-ray fluorescence (XRF) to quantify bromine in consumer products and then relate those measures to room-specific concentrations of PBDEs in dust. In the validation phase, we demonstrated that XRF is a reliable predictor of bromine in products compared with GC/MS. In the field study phase, we found associations between XRF-measured bromine content in furniture and pentaBDE concentrations in dust from the same room. We also found that XRF-measured bromine levels in televisions were associated with decaBDE concentrations in dust, with the number of residents acting as an effect modifier.
Download or read book Removal of Organic Pollution in Water Environment written by Joanna Karpińska and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-11-21 with total page 154 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The development of civilization entails a growing demand for consumer goods. A side effect of the production and use of these materials is the production of solid waste and wastewater. Municipal and industrial wastewater usually contains a large amount of various organic compounds and is the main source of pollution of the aquatic environment. Therefore, the search for effective methods of wastewater and other polluted water treatment is an important element of caring for the natural environment. This book presents research on the determination and removal of environmentally hazardous organic compounds from aqueous samples. The articles included in this book describe the results of examinations, at the laboratory scale, of the efficiency of chemical as well as physical processes for the removal or degradation of selected model pollutants. Environmental studies, especially those concerning the determination of trace impurities, require effective isolation and concentration procedures. The methods used for this purpose should meet the requirements of green chemistry. The liquid phase microextraction procedures and use of electrochemical methods described in this book seem to be proper for environmental studies, as they are effective and environmentally friendly.
Download or read book Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants written by Gwen O'Sullivan and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-11-20 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental Forensics for Persistent Organic Pollutants represents the state-of-the-art in environmental forensics in relation to persistent organic pollutants (POPs). The book is a complete reference for practitioners and students, covering a range of topics from new analytical techniques to regulatory and legal status in the global community. Through case studies from leading international experts, real-world issues — including the allocation of responsibility for release into the environment — are resolved through the application of advanced analytical and scientific techniques. This book introduces and assesses the development of new techniques and technologies to trace the source and fate of newly emerging and classic POPs (perfluoroalkyl substances, brominated flame retardants, organochlorine pesticides, perfluorinated chemicals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and polychlorinated biphenyls) in environmental media, including atmospheric, marine, freshwater, and urban environments. - Real-world case studies show the application of advanced analytical and scientific techniques - Discussion of GC*GC provides an introduction and assessment of a novel technique from leaders in the field - Introduces the development of new analytical techniques (such as 2-D GC*HC and LC*LC) to trace the source and fate - Raises awareness about the health and environmental impact of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) - Outlines the development of international measures to control POPs so that chemists can understand the legal issues
Download or read book Issues in Environment Health and Pollution 2013 Edition written by and published by ScholarlyEditions. This book was released on 2013-05-01 with total page 1182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Issues in Environment, Health, and Pollution: 2013 Edition is a ScholarlyEditions™ book that delivers timely, authoritative, and comprehensive information about Environmental Health. The editors have built Issues in Environment, Health, and Pollution: 2013 Edition on the vast information databases of ScholarlyNews.™ You can expect the information about Environmental Health in this book to be deeper than what you can access anywhere else, as well as consistently reliable, authoritative, informed, and relevant. The content of Issues in Environment, Health, and Pollution: 2013 Edition has been produced by the world’s leading scientists, engineers, analysts, research institutions, and companies. All of the content is from peer-reviewed sources, and all of it is written, assembled, and edited by the editors at ScholarlyEditions™ and available exclusively from us. You now have a source you can cite with authority, confidence, and credibility. More information is available at http://www.ScholarlyEditions.com/.
Download or read book Indoor Environment written by Lidia Morawska and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-12-13 with total page 467 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the fundamentals of air-borne particles and settled dust in the indoor environment, this handy reference investigates: * relevant definitions and terminology, * characteristics, * sources, * sampling techniques and instrumentation, * exposure assessment, * monitoring methods. The result is a useful and comprehensive overview for chemists, physicists and biologists, postgraduate students, medical practitioners, occupational health professionals, building owners and managers, building, construction and air-conditioning engineers, architects, environmental lawyers, government and regulatory professionals.
Download or read book Analysis and Fate of Emerging Brominated and Fluorinated Organic Pollutants written by Jeong-Eun Oh and published by . This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysis and Fate of Emerging Brominated and Fluorinated Organic Pollutants, Volume 87 in the Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry series, contains a wide range of topics on flame retardants in the environment, specifically focusing on halogenated flame retardants. New chapters in this release include an Introduction of emerging halogenated flame retardants in the environment, Analysis of emerging halogenated flame Retardants in environment, Toxicity of emerging halogenated organic chemicals, Occurrence and fate of emerging halogenated flame retardants in environment, Emerging halogenated flame retardants in indoor environment, Food contamination on emerging halogenated flame retardants, Human exposure to emerging halogenated flame retardants, and much more. Provides the current research results on emerging halogenated flame retardants Contains all research subjects about emerging halogenated flame retardants, from analysis to human exposure Presents critical information on halogenated flame retardants
Download or read book Dioxin and Related Compounds written by Mehran Alaee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-06-13 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is a tribute to Professor Otto Hutzinger, the founding editor of The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, in recognition of his pioneering work and contribution to our understanding of the sources, fate, exposure and effects of persistent organic pollutants. It consists of fourteen chapters written by individuals who have been inspired by his work and have followed in his footsteps by refining our knowledge of this field and opening new research directions. In Professor Hutzinger’s tradition of passing on valuable information to others, the authors present recent advances in areas such as inventories, remediation, and analytical determinations. Levels and trends in abiotic environments, biota, and human exposure via food, as well as the risks to the environment and humans from polychlorinated dibenzo dioxins, furans, and PCBs are also discussed. Other chapters deal with the relevant topics of DDT and its metabolites along with halogenated and phosphorus flame retardants.
Download or read book Emerging Pollutants in the Environment written by Marcelo Larramendy and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2015-09-02 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book, Emerging Pollutants in the Environment Current and Further Implications, includes overviews by significant researchers on the topic of emerging pollutants toxicology, which covers the hazardous effects of common emerging xenobiotics employed in our every day anthropogenic activities. We hope that this book will meet the expectations and needs of all those who are interested in the negative implications of several emerging pollutants on living species.
Download or read book Understanding the Long range Transport of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers written by Fiona Kin-Yao Lau and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Toxicological Profile for Polybrominated Biphenyls and Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
