Download or read book Pollutant Impacts on the Distribution of Wood Frogs rana Sylvatica Associated with Stormwater Management Ponds written by Matthew T. Gallagher and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 158 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spatial Ecology of the Wood Frog Rana Sylvatica written by Lauri Kealoha Freidenburg and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Response of Larval Wood Frogs Rana Sylvatica to Changes in Detrital Quality Driven by Anthropogenic Effects in Ephemeral Ponds written by Jeffrey Patrick Stephens and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Amphibian populations worldwide are in decline due to anthropogenic drivers. However, little is known about how changes to the larval environment may affect survival and future recruitment of the species specifically in those environments whose energetics are subsidized by allochthonous input such as litterfall. Using a manipulative mesocosms experment I found that changes in litter type had dramatic and differential affects on all levels of the mesocosm ecosystem including water chemistry, primary producer biomass, and on larval wood frog Rana sylvatica fitness traits. Notably, we found that senescent green ash (a specied of tree declining and at great risk due to the emerald ash borer) produced metamorphs that were larger than all other litter species used and developed at a faster rate with higher survival. This study, indeed, illustrates how regional changes in forest community structure can affect the local dynamics and the physiology of individuals within the forest pond.
Download or read book Habitat Fragmentation and Woodland Amphibians written by Shauna L. Weyrauch and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Recent declines in amphibian populations have heightened the importance of understanding amphibian/habitat relationships. Because of poor dispersal abilities and physiological constraints, amphibians may be especially susceptible to the effects of habitat fragmentation. In this dissertation, I investigate landscape-level influences of fragmentation on woodland amphibian species distributions, as well as population-level impacts on genetic diversity and related fitness consequences for wood frogs (Rana sylvatica). For the first part of my research, I surveyed 25 woodlots and one area of continuous forest in Crawford County, Ohio for amphibians and evaluated 13 models concerning amphibian species richness and the presence of individual species in woodlots. I found 13 species of amphibians within the study plot, indicating that small woodlots within an agricultural matrix are important amphibian refuges. Hydroperiod was the most important habitat characteristic for predicting species richness. Landscape characteristics were relatively unimportant. Next, I analyzed the genetic diversity of wood frog populations in relation to characteristics of their local habitat and landscape, to determine whether populations within woodlots have become genetically differentiated and/or have lost genetic diversity. I found genetic distance to be correlated with geographical distance. Populations from breeding ponds with longer hydroperiods were more genetically diverse. I also assessed the genetic diversity of eight wood frog populations, and compared the genetic diversity of each population with the mortality and deformity rates of lab-reared eggs and larvae. Although there were weak negative correlations, my analyses failed to find a significant relationship between genetic diversity and deformity or mortality rates. The final component of my research was an investigation of a synergism between UV-B radiation and genetic diversity, influencing mortality and deformity rates in wood frogs. I measured the genetic diversity of 12 populations, and exposed eggs/larvae from those populations to three different UV-B treatments. UV-B exposure significantly increased larval mortality and deformity rates. Populations with low genetic diversity suffered greater egg and larval mortality rates and deformity rates. Further, the interaction between UV-B treatment and genetic diversity significantly influenced larval mortality rates. This is the first study to document such an interaction between genetic diversity and resistance to an environmental stressor.
Download or read book Carry Over Effects of Elevated Salinity and Temperature on Wood Frog Rana Sylvatica Survival Growth and Behavior written by Bernardo A. Traversari and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Anthropogenically-induced salinization of freshwater systems due to the application of road de-icing salts and hydrocarbon mining has been identified as a significant environmental stressor for amphibians across the United States. While the effects of salinity during amphibian embryonic and larval stages are fairly well-understood, less is known on whether these effects can carry over to affect post-metamorphic traits. Moreover, it remains unclear if salinity-induced carry-over effects are adaptive or maladaptive for amphibian survival, or if salinity can interact with other environmental conditions, like temperature, to influence amphibian development. To fill in these gaps, we tested the hypothesis that if wood frogs that develop in saline ponds exhibit adaptive plasticity in their osmoregulatory abilities, then individuals raised in elevated salinity environments as larvae would feature greater tolerance to similarly saline post-metamorphic environments (i.e., the match hypothesis). In addition, we also hypothesized that exposure to elevated salinity and temperature during larval development would have measurable impacts on juvenile behaviors. Our results provided no evidence for the match hypothesis, as juveniles reared in high salinities did not survive or grow better in high-salinity soils compared with those in low-salinity soils. However, we do show that juveniles that experienced elevated salinity as larvae tended to increase weight (but not SVL) regardless of post-metamorphic environment, suggesting that there may be differences in food intake or osmoregulation in these animals. We also showed that the interaction between salinity and temperature experienced during the larval stage affects wood frog explorative capacity without necessarily impacting exploitative behavior, providing evidence for behavioral carry-over effects. Taken together, these findings contribute to a growing body of work to show that the larval environment can affect the expression of physiological and behavioral traits after metamorphosis, but how these traits relate to population recruitment still needs to be investigated. Findings from this study also suggests that salinization of both freshwater and woodland soils adjacent to roads has adverse effects on wood frogs in both the aquatic and terrestrial parts of their life cycle.
Download or read book The Distribution and Habitat Requirements of the Wood Frog Ranidae Rana Sylvatica Le Conte in Colorado written by C. M. Haynes and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Roads and Ecological Infrastructure written by Kimberly M. Andrews and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A practical guide that explains how we can design roads that are compatible with populations of small wildlife. Few of us think twice about driving on roads. Yet the very presence of roads and the act of driving on them can impact the ecological infrastructure that supports an animal's daily life. What chance does a turtle have of successfully laying its eggs when it needs to traverse a busy highway? Is it realistic to expect small mammals to breed when an interstate thoroughfare subdivides their population? These are the sorts of challenges faced by small, often slow-moving, animals, challenges that road engineers and ecologists are trying to address. For countless small species, vehicles traveling at high speeds are nothing less than missiles shooting across migration pathways. For too many animals, the danger can lead to the loss of populations, in part because they simply are not programmed to react to traffic. Salamanders faced with a two-lane road between the forest and their aquatic breeding site, for example, will typically cross that road regardless of the congestion. The result can be hundreds of flattened animals in a single night. Roads and Ecological Infrastructure is the first book to focus on reducing conflict between roads and small animals. Highlighting habitat connections and the challenges and solutions from both transportation and ecological perspectives, the volume covers various themes, including animal behavior related to roads and design approaches to mitigate the negative effects of roads on wildlife. The chapter authors—from transportation experts to university researchers—each promote a goal of realistic problem solving. Conceptual and practical, this book will influence the next decade or more of road design in ecologically sensitive areas and should prevent countless unnecessary wildlife fatalities. Published in association with The Wildlife Society.
Download or read book Compensating for Wetland Losses Under the Clean Water Act written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2001-11-06 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recognizing the importance of wetland protection, the Bush administration in 1988 endorsed the goal of "no net loss" of wetlands. Specifically, it directed that filling of wetlands should be avoided, and minimized when it cannot be avoided. When filling is permitted, compensatory mitigation must be undertaken; that is, wetlands must be restored, created, enhanced, and, in exceptional cases, preserved, to replace the permitted loss of wetland area and function, such as water quality improvement within the watershed. After more than a dozen years, the national commitment to "no net loss" of wetlands has been evaluated. This new book explores the adequacy of science and technology for replacing wetland function and the effectiveness of the federal program of compensatory mitigation in accomplishing the nation's goal of clean water. It examines the regulatory framework for permitting wetland filling and requiring mitigation, compares the mitigation institutions that are in use, and addresses the problems that agencies face in ensuring sustainability of mitigated wetlands over the long term. Gleaning lessons from the mixed results of mitigation efforts to date, the book offers 10 practical guidelines for establishing and monitoring mitigated wetlands. It also recommends that federal, state, and local agencies undertake specific institutional reforms. This book will be important to anyone seeking a comprehensive understanding of the "no net loss" issue: policy makers, regulators, environmental scientists, educators, and wetland advocates.
Download or read book Pond Treatment Technology written by Andrew Shilton and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2006-03-01 with total page 494 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pond treatment technology is used in tens of thousands of applications serving many millions of people across the globe - why? Simply because it is efficient and effective. While pond treatment technology offers relative simplicity in its application, it incorporates a host of complex and diverse mechanisms that work to treat and cleanse polluted waters before their return to our environment. This book offers a comprehensive review of the pond technology field including the newest ideas and latest findings. Topics covered include: The physical, chemical and biological characteristics of the pond environment; A detailed review of pond treatment mechanisms and performance; Comprehensive guidance on pond design, operation and upgrade options; A range of chapters summarising new and emerging pond technologies; The integration of ponds with wetlands and aquaculture systems and their use as storage reservoirs; Special applications of pond technology in cold climates, for agricultural wastes and for treatment of stormwater. The objective of this book is to get this wealth of knowledge "out there" to the users to ensure the continuous improvement and ongoing success of this crucial technology.
Download or read book Classification of Wetlands and Deepwater Habitats of the United States written by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 110 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Urban Herpetology written by Joseph C. Mitchell and published by Society for the Study of Amphibians & Reptiles. This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sediment Quality Assessment written by Graeme Batley and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2016-02-01 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contaminated sediments represent an ongoing threat to the health of aquatic ecosystems. The assessment of sediment quality is, therefore, an important concern for environmental regulators. Sediment quality guidelines are now well established in regulatory frameworks worldwide; however, practical guidance that covers all of the key aspects of sediment quality assessment is not readily available. In 2005, CSIRO published its highly cited Handbook for Sediment Quality Assessment. In the ensuing period, the science has advanced considerably. This practical guide is a revised and much expanded second edition, which will be a valuable tool for environmental practitioners. Written by experts in the field, it provides coverage of: sediment sampling; sample preparation; chemical analysis; ecotoxicology; bioaccumulation; biomarkers; and ecological assessment. In addition, detailed appendices describe protocols for many of the tests to be used.
Download or read book An Assessment of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers PBDEs in Sediments and Bivalves of the U S Coastal Zone written by K. L. Kimbrough and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report represents the first national assessment of PBDEs in the U.S. coastal zone. Results suggest that they are widely distributed nationally. Several regions, including the northern Mid-Atlantic, central Gulf of Mexico, Southern California, Pacific Northwest and the Great lakes have elevated PBDE concentrations compared with other coastal regions. Furthermore, PBDE concentrations are positively correlated with human population density along the U.S. coastline. The national and regional perspectives provided herein are intended to support research, local monitoring, and to assist resource managers and policy makers tasked with making regulatory decisions about these contaminants.
Download or read book Roads and Ecological Infrastructure written by Kimberly M. Andrews and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2015-06 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Published in association with The Wildlife Society.
Download or read book Eco Evolutionary Dynamics written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2014-08-12 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theme of this volume is to discuss Eco-evolutionary Dynamics. - Updates and informs the reader on the latest research findings - Written by leading experts in the field - Highlights areas for future investigation
Download or read book Towns Ecology and the Land written by Richard T. T. Forman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pioneering book highlighting the dynamic environmental dimensions of towns and villages and spatial connections with surrounding land.
Download or read book Environmental and Natural Resources Engineering written by Lawrence K. Wang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-02-11 with total page 512 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume has been designed to serve as a natural resources engineering reference book as well as a supplemental textbook. This volume is part of the Handbook of Environmental Engineering series, an incredible collection of methodologies that study the effects of resources and wastes in their three basic forms: gas, solid, and liquid. It complements two other books in the series including "Natural Resources and Control Processes" and "Advances in Natural Resources Management". Together they serve as a basis for advanced study or specialized investigation of the theory and analysis of various natural resources systems. This book covers many aspects of resources conservation, treatment, recycling, and education including agricultural, industrial, municipal and natural sources. The purpose of this book is to thoroughly prepare the reader for understanding the available resources, protection, treatment and control methods, such as bee protection, water reclamation, environmental conservation, biological and natural processes, endocrine disruptor removal, thermal pollution control, thermal energy reuse, lake restoration, industrial waste treatment, agricultural waste treatment, pest and vector control, and environmental engineering education. The chapters provide information on some of the most innovative and ground-breaking advances in environmental and natural resources engineering from a panel of esteemed experts.
