Download or read book Political warfare and psychological operations rethinking the US approach written by Carnes Lord and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1989 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Political Warfare and Psychological Operations written by Frank R. Barnett and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Political Warfare and Psychological Operations written by Frank R. Barnett and published by . This book was released on 1989-03-01 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Psychological Warfare written by Fouad Sabry and published by One Billion Knowledgeable. This book was released on 2024-05-27 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What is Psychological Warfare Psychological warfare (PSYWAR), or the basic aspects of modern psychological operations (PsyOp), has been known by many other names or terms, including Military Information Support Operations (MISO), Psy Ops, political warfare, "Hearts and Minds", and propaganda. The term is used "to denote any action which is practiced mainly by psychological methods with the aim of evoking a planned psychological reaction in other people". How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Psychological Warfare Chapter 2: Propaganda Chapter 3: Office of Strategic Influence Chapter 4: Black propaganda Chapter 5: Political Warfare Executive Chapter 6: United States Army Civil Affairs and Psychological Operations Command Chapter 7: 15 Psychological Operations Group Chapter 8: Airborne leaflet propaganda Chapter 9: Psychological Warfare Division Chapter 10: Information Operations Roadmap (II) Answering the public top questions about psychological warfare. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Psychological Warfare.
Download or read book Psychological Operations and Political Warfare in Long term Strategic Planning written by Janos Radvanyi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 1990-07-26 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by a group of distinguished security experts, these eight previously unpublished papers focus on the hostile actions of the Soviet Union against the West in the form of psychological operations, power politics, and blackmail. Addressing military professionals, strategists, and international security specialists, the contributors examine the most effective measures the United States and its allies can take to counteract such measures. This is particularly important in the Gorbachev era, when Western security is perhaps more than ever dependent upon knowledge of Soviet psychological operations and political warfare. The book also explores the background of East European resistance to Soviet dominance and the subsequent Soviet countermeasures. Wide-ranging in coverage, the papers explore psychological operation in the United States, Poland, West Germany, France, and Latin America. Following the editor's introduction to psychological operations, the contributors address such topics as the history and future of U.S. military psychological operations, new thinking and influence activities in the Gorbachev era, terrorism as a political strategy, and contemporary insurgent political and psychological warfare. A case study of the Polish experience illustrates communist regimes' psychological warfare against their own societies. The remaining papers discuss psychological operations and political warfare in long-term U.S. strategic planning, the French experience with Soviet hostile actions, and the argument that psychological warfare is no longer necessary in the age of perestroika and glasnost. The contributors are united in their belief that psychological operations and political warfare will not be eliminated by the sweeping changes affecting the Soviet Union and that the Western democracies are by their very nature particularly vulnerable to such operations. However, given the changing nature of external threats to the West, the contributors call for a reevaluation of strategy in the area of psychological operations, political warfare, and low intensity conflict.
Download or read book Political Warfare and Psychological Operations written by Carnes Lord and published by . This book was released on 1996-06 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Considers what the U.S. can do to overcome traditional American aversion to political warfare and how to be better competitors in the current political struggles that characterize international relations. Military and civilian analyses of past successes and failures present possibilities for improvement. Suggests how the U.S. can upgrade its performance in the political-psychological arena. Papers include: the psychological dimension in national strategy, political strategies for revolutionary war, twelve steps to reviving American PSYOP, and more. "The inherent strength of this volume lies in the expertise of its editors and contributors, most of whom participated in the Cold War's "war of ideas".
Download or read book Psychological Operations written by Frank L. Goldstein and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This anthology serves as a fundamental guide to PSYOP philosophy, concepts, principles, issues, and thought for both those new to, and those experienced in, the PSYOP field and PSYOP applications. It clarifies the value of PSYOP as a cost-effective weapon and incorporates it as a psychological instrument of U.S. military and political power, especially given our present budgetary constraints. Presents diverse articles that portray the value of the planned use of human actions to influence perceptions, public opinion, attitudes, and behaviors so that PSYOP victories can be achieved in war and in peace.
Download or read book Political Warfare and Psychological Operations written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Art and Science of Psychological Operations written by American Institutes for Research and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Psychological Operations Bibliography written by American University (Washington, D.C.). Special Operations Research Office and published by . This book was released on 1960 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Psychological Operations written by United States. Department of the Army and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Psychological Warfare written by Paul Myron Anthony Linebarger and published by e-artnow. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 383 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the product of experience rather than research, of consultation rather than reading. It is based on my five years of work, both as civilian expert and as Army officer, in American psychological warfare facilities—at every level from the Joint and Combined Chiefs of Staff planning phase down to the preparing of spot leaflets for the American forces in China. (Paul M. A. Linebarger, Psychological Warfare) Contents: DEFINITION AND HISTORY: Historic Examples of Psychological Warfare The Function of Psychological Warfare Definition of Psychological Warfare The Limitations of Psychological Warfare Psychological Warfare In World War I Psychological Warfare In World War II ANALYSIS, INTELLIGENCE, AND ESTIMATE OF THE SITUATION: Propaganda Analysis Propaganda Intelligence Estimate of the Situation PLANNING AND OPERATIONS: Organization for Psychological Warfare Plans and Planning Operations for Civilians Operations Against Troops PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE AFTER WORLD WAR II The "Cold War" and Seven Small Wars Strategic International Information Operations Research, Development and the Future Military PsyWar Operations, 1950-53
Download or read book Psychological Warfare written by Paul Myron Anthony Linebarger and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Psychological Warfare is a work by Paul Myron Anthony Linebarger. It presents different aspects to psychologic warfare such as its history, analysis of propaganda, planning and list some example cases of the subject post WWII.
Download or read book Psychology Warfare written by MEENACHISUNDARAM.M and published by MS SOFTWARE LABORATORIES. This book was released on 2024-09-05 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PSYCHOLOGY WARFARE Edited/Added and Translated By : M. Meenachi Sundaram TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE.. 9 PSYCHOLOGY WARFARE.. 16 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.. 16 PART ONE - DEFINITION AND HISTORY.. 20 CHAPTER 1: Historic Examples of Psychological Warfare. 20 The Understanding Of Psychological Warfare. 21 The Use Of Panic By Gideon. 22 Field Propaganda Of The Athenians And The Han. 25 Emphasis on Ideology. 27 The Black Propaganda Of Genghis Khan. 31 The Blindness Of John Milton. 33 Other Instances From History. 34 The American Revolution. 37 Boers And Burmese. 39 CHAPTER 2: The Function of Psychological Warfare. 41 Psychological Warfare as a Branch of Psychology. 42 Psychological Warfare as a Part of War. 44 Ideology. 48 Education. 49 Salesmanship. 50 Psychological Warfare and Public Relations. 51 Psychological Warfare and Morale Services. 52 Related Civilian Activities. 53 CHAPTER 3: Definition of Psychological Warfare. 55 Broad and Narrow Definitions. 56 Warfare Psychologically Waged. 59 Propaganda: Definitions. 62 CHAPTER : The Limitations of Psychological Warfare. 67 Political Limitations of Psychological Warfare. 67 Definition of the Enemy. 70 Promises. 72 Security Limitations. 73 Security Procedures. 74 Media Limitations. 76 Maximum Performance of Personnel. 78 Counterpropaganda. 81 CHAPTER 5: Psychological Warfare in World War I 83 The British Effort. 85 The German Failure In Propaganda. 86 The Creel Committee. 89 The Bolshevik and Chinese Revolutions. 93 CHAPTER 6: Psychological Warfare in World War II 100 The Pre-Belligerent Stages. 103 German Accomplishments. 104 The British-German Radio War. 105 Black Propaganda. 112 American Operations: OWI and OSS. 114 The Lessons. 121 Qualifications for Psychological Warfare. 123 Effects of American Operations. 126 Soviet Experience. 127 Japanese Developments. 128 Chinese Uses. 129 PART TWO - ANALYSIS, INTELLIGENCE, AND ESTIMATE OF THE SITUATION.. 131 CHAPTER 7: Propaganda Analysis. 131 Monitoring. 132 Printed Materials. 134 Radio. 135 Monitoring by a Single Individual. 137 Identification: Propaganda vs. Truth. 138 The Stasm Formula. 142 Complete Breakdown of a Single Propaganda Item. 144 Identification of Enemy Plans and Situations. 148 Estimating the Enemy's Propaganda Situation. 148 Propanal as a Source of Military Intelligence. 150 CHAPTER 8: Propaganda Intelligence. 155 News as Intelligence. 158 The Need for Timeliness. 162 Opinion Analysis. 163 Profile of Opinion. 166 Interrogation. 167 Specificity. 169 CHAPTER 9: Estimate of the Situation. 172 Definiteness of the Goal. 173 The Propaganda Man. 175 The Attribution of Motive. 178 A Written Estimate of the Situation. 182 The Question of Choice. 188 Allied Operations. 189 Estimate of One's Own Capacity. 190 PART THREE - PLANNING AND OPERATIONS.. 193 CHAPTER 10: Organization for Psychological Warfare. 193 National Propaganda Organizations. 198 American Psychological Warfare Agencies. 199 The Joho Kyoku. 207 Theater Psychological Warfare. 210 Field Operations. 214 CHAPTER 11: Plans and Planning. 217 Needs of the Operator: Materials and Guidance. 217 CLASSIFIED.. 219 Unrestricted. 220 Pre-Belligerent Planning. 221 Psychological Warfare Plans. 222 Strategic and Consolidation Plans. 225 Contingency Plans. 226 CHAPTER 12: Operations for Civilians. 227 Short-wave Radio. 227 Standard-wave. 229 Communication Through the Mails. 231 Leaflets. 232 Pamphlets. 233 Subversive Operations. 234 Motion Pictures. 236 CHAPTER 13: Operations Against Troops. 237 Morale Operations. 239 News Leaflets. 242 Tactical Defensive Psychological Warfare. 242 Role of Small-Unit Commanders. 250 Field Liaison. 251 Radio Support. 252 Air Support. 253 Leaflet-Discharging Weapons. 253 Contingencies of the Future. 255 Surrender Leaflets. 256 Other Action Leaflets. 261 Loudspeaker Units. 262 PART FOUR - PSYCHOLOGICAL WARFARE AFTER WORLD WAR II 266 CHAPTER 14: The "Cold War" and Seven Small Wars. 266 Recognition and Delay. 266 New Interpretations of Policy and Propaganda. 267 Communist and Anti-Communist Psychological Events. 268 The Cold War. 269 Nature of the Cold War. 269 Origins of the Cold War. 270 The Cold War and the Actual Fighting. 271 The Cold War and the Home Front. 273 Alternatives to Victory and Defeat. 274 The End of the Cold War. 276 The Seven Small Wars. 277 The Special Case of China. 279 PsyWar in the Indonesian-Dutch War. 279 The Philippine War Against the Huks. 281 Indochina and Political Warfare. 282 Malaya and the MRLA. 284 The Right to Join. 287 Propaganda Techniques in the Seven Wars. 288 CHAPTER 15: Strategic International Information Operations. 290 Demobilization and Remobilization. 291 Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs. 293 Other U.S. Facilities. 294 Radio Free Europe and Radio Free Asia. 296 The Psychological Strategy Board. 297 William Jackson Report. 298 Operations Coordinating Board. 299 Limitations of the American Originators. 301 War and Unanimity. 303 The Propaganda of Friendship. 304 CHAPTER 16: Research, Development, and the Future. 307 The Meaning of War. 307 Research into Tension. 308 Revolutionary Possibilities in Psychology. 309 National Research and Development Programs. 311 Developmental Research in PsyWar. 312 Operations Research in Korea. 313 Philosophy and Propaganda Development. 314 Literary Contributions. 314 Psychology and Related Sciences. 315 Projection and Research. 316 Communist Developments. 319 Private PsyWar and Covert Techniques. 322 The Future of Psychological Warfare. 324 APPENDIX Military PsyWar Operations, 1950-53. 327 Organization of Field Operational Units. 327 Radio Broadcasting and Leaflet Group. 327 Loudspeaker and Leaflet Company. 328 Psychological Warfare Center. 329 Psychological Warfare Staff, FEC. 330 Psychological Warfare Staff, EUSAK. 331 Radio Operations. 332 Leaflet Operations. 332 Loudspeaker Operations. 333 Results of Military PsyWar Operations. 333 FOOTNOTES: 335 Index. 336 ALSO BY PAUL M. A. LINEBARGER: 370 ABOUT THE AUTHOR.. 372 PREFACE 1. Introduction to Psychological Warfare: Psychological warfare, also known as psyops (psychological operations), is a method of influencing the thoughts, emotions, and behaviors of individuals or groups, often during times of conflict or competition. It aims to manipulate perceptions, lower morale, and cause confusion or fear in the adversary. Unlike traditional warfare that uses physical force, psychological warfare employs psychological tactics, such as propaganda, misinformation, and other non-lethal means, to achieve its objectives. 2. Historical Roots of Psychological Warfare: Psychological warfare has been used throughout history, dating back to ancient times. Military strategists like Sun Tzu and Julius Caesar recognized the importance of mental manipulation in warfare. For example, Sun Tzu’s *Art of War* emphasizes deception and mental tactics to defeat enemies without engaging in direct combat. Similarly, Roman armies would use psychological intimidation by parading their might to demoralize opponents. 3. World War I and the Rise of Modern Psyops: The use of psychological warfare became more systematic during World War I. Propaganda was widely deployed by both the Allied and Central Powers to influence public opinion and boost morale at home while demoralizing the enemy. Pamphlets, posters, and radio broadcasts were used to create narratives that would shape the public’s perception of the war. Psychological tactics also included the use of spies and double agents to spread misinformation. 4. World War II: The Golden Age of Psychological Warfare: World War II saw the expansion of psychological warfare to an unprecedented level. The Allied and Axis powers both employed large-scale psyops to weaken each other. Leaflets were dropped behind enemy lines to spread defeatist messages, and propaganda films were made to shape public opinion. Nazi Germany used propaganda under Joseph Goebbels to promote their ideology and control the narrative within the country, while the Allies used radio broadcasts and leaflets to undermine German morale. 5. Cold War and Psychological Warfare: The Cold War era witnessed an intense battle for influence between the United States and the Soviet Union. Psychological warfare became central to this geopolitical struggle, with both sides seeking to sway hearts and minds. The U.S. government formed institutions like the United States Information Agency (USIA) to spread pro-American messages, while the Soviet Union used the KGB to promote communist ideology globally. The arms race was not just about military power but also about winning the ideological war. 6. Propaganda in Psychological Warfare: Propaganda remains one of the most important tools of psychological warfare. Through various media channels, propaganda shapes public opinion and influences perceptions of the enemy or a political issue. It simplifies complex issues into easy-to-understand messages, often exaggerating facts to provoke fear, hatred, or loyalty. During conflicts, propaganda can galvanize a nation’s support for war while sowing doubt and confusion among opponents. 7. Psychological Warfare and Misinformation: Misinformation, or the deliberate spread of false information, plays a key role in psychological warfare. By planting false stories or distorting the truth, psyops aim to confuse the enemy or create internal discord. This tactic can destabilize a country or organization, as individuals struggle to separate fact from fiction. Misinformation campaigns, especially in the digital age, can spread rapidly through social media, amplifying their effects. 8. The Role of Fear in Psychological Warfare: Fear is a powerful weapon in psychological warfare. By instilling fear in the minds of opponents, psyops can weaken their resolve and create panic. The threat of imminent danger, whether real or imagined, can cause individuals to make irrational decisions or abandon their positions. Historically, armies have used fear through tactics like surprise attacks, threats of chemical weapons, or exaggerated reports of the enemy’s strength. 9. Psychological Warfare in Cyber Conflicts: The rise of the internet has transformed psychological warfare. Cyber-psychological operations (cyber psyops) target digital platforms to spread misinformation, sow discord, and influence public opinion. Nation-states and non-state actors use online propaganda, social media bots, and hacking to influence elections, disrupt societies, and manipulate perceptions. Cyber psyops have become an integral part of modern conflicts, blurring the lines between military and civilian targets. 10. Psychological Warfare and Intelligence Agencies: Intelligence agencies, such as the CIA, MI6, and the KGB, have long been involved in psychological warfare. These agencies not only gather information but also engage in covert psychological operations to influence global politics. From funding opposition groups to launching disinformation campaigns, intelligence agencies often use psychological tactics to destabilize regimes or shape the outcome of international events. 11. The Psychology of Deception: Deception is a central theme in psychological warfare. By creating false narratives or misleading the enemy about intentions or capabilities, psyops can gain a strategic advantage. Deception strategies have been used in military campaigns, diplomacy, and intelligence operations. One of the most famous examples is Operation Fortitude during World War II, where the Allies tricked Nazi Germany into believing that the D-Day invasion would occur at a different location. 12. Psychological Warfare and Espionage: Espionage plays a crucial role in psychological warfare, as it involves the covert gathering of information to use against an enemy. Spies and informants infiltrate enemy ranks to gather intelligence, spread disinformation, and manipulate public opinion. The Cold War era was marked by an intense espionage battle between the U.S. and Soviet Union, with both sides employing psychological tactics to gain the upper hand. 13. Psychological Warfare and Torture: In extreme cases, psychological warfare can involve the use of torture, both physical and mental, to break down an opponent’s will. Techniques like sleep deprivation, isolation, and humiliation are used to destabilize individuals and force them to cooperate or confess. While controversial and often violating international law, these methods have been employed in various conflicts to gain information or break resistance. 14. Psychological Warfare in Business and Competition: Psychological warfare is not limited to military contexts. In the business world, companies often use psychological tactics to outmaneuver competitors. From strategic advertising that undermines competitors’ products to misinformation in corporate takeovers, psychological warfare can be used to sway consumer opinions, disrupt competitors, and gain market share. 15. The Role of Psychological Warfare in Terrorism: Terrorist organizations use psychological warfare as a core component of their strategy. By carrying out high-profile attacks or releasing propaganda videos, terrorist groups aim to spread fear, destabilize societies, and gain recruits. Psychological warfare is also used to polarize societies, provoke overreactions, and challenge the legitimacy of governments, making terrorism a complex psychological as well as physical threat. 16. Psychological Warfare in Diplomacy: Psychological warfare extends to diplomatic relations, where states use psychological tactics to gain leverage in negotiations or conflict resolution. Diplomatic psyops may involve subtle threats, manipulation of public opinion, or leaking information to the media. Diplomats may also engage in psychological manipulation to weaken the resolve of their counterparts or gain concessions without resorting to military force. 17. Psychological Warfare in Propaganda Films and Media: Throughout history, propaganda films and media have been tools of psychological warfare. Governments and organizations create films, documentaries, and news stories that promote their ideology or discredit their enemies. The ability of visual media to evoke emotional responses makes it a potent tool for manipulating public sentiment and influencing perceptions during conflicts. 18. Psychological Warfare and Cultural Influence: Cultural influence is another dimension of psychological warfare. States often promote their values, ideologies, and way of life as superior, seeking to dominate the cultural narrative. This can undermine an opponent's national identity or social cohesion. For example, during the Cold War, the U.S. and Soviet Union engaged in a cultural battle, promoting their respective systems of capitalism and communism. 19. Psychological Warfare in Civil Unrest: Governments and insurgent groups alike use psychological warfare during periods of civil unrest. Governments may use fear and propaganda to maintain control, while protest movements deploy psychological tactics to rally support and undermine the government’s authority. Social media has become a crucial battleground for psychological warfare in civil unrest, allowing both sides to spread messages and shape public opinion in real-time. 20. Countering Psychological Warfare: Counter-psychological warfare strategies are essential for defending against psyops. Governments and organizations develop methods to detect and counter disinformation, propaganda, and fear-mongering tactics. Public education campaigns, media literacy programs, and fact-checking organizations have become crucial tools in mitigating the effects of psychological warfare, particularly in the digital age. 21. Ethics of Psychological Warfare: The ethics of psychological warfare are often debated, as the manipulation of emotions and perceptions can have long-lasting effects on individuals and societies. While psyops are non-lethal, their impact can be damaging, leading to mental trauma, social division, and instability. Ethical considerations revolve around the line between legitimate influence and unethical manipulation. 22. Psychological Warfare in Modern Politics: In modern politics, psychological warfare is frequently employed by political parties, interest groups, and even governments to gain an edge over opponents. Negative campaigning, character assassination, and media manipulation are common tactics used to sway voters and influence election outcomes. The increasing polarization in many countries can be traced back to these psychological warfare tactics. 23. The Role of Social Media in Psychological Warfare: Social media has become a powerful tool for psychological warfare in the 21st century. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram allow psyops to be conducted on a global scale, influencing millions of people in real-time. Social media’s ability to spread both factual and misleading information quickly makes it a double-edged sword in modern psychological warfare. 24. Psychological Warfare and National Identity: Psychological warfare often targets national identity, aiming to undermine the sense of unity and pride within a country. By attacking cultural symbols, traditions, and national values, psyops can create division and weaken the resolve of the populace. National identity can become a battleground where psychological warfare seeks to rewrite history, challenge the status quo, or promote a new ideological narrative. 25. Conclusion: The Power and Limitations of Psychological Warfare: Psychological warfare remains a potent tool in the arsenal of states, organizations, and individuals. While it has the power to influence minds and change the course of conflicts, it also has its limitations. In an age of information overload and rapid technological advancement, psychological warfare is evolving, but so are the methods to detect and counter it. Understanding its mechanisms, ethics, and consequences is crucial as psyops continue to play a pivotal role in modern geopolitics.
Download or read book Propaganda and Psychological Warfare written by Terence H. Qualter and published by Pickle Partners Publishing. This book was released on 2020-03-05 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There have always been propagandists, some extremely skilled, but the continuing, institutionalized, large-scale attempt at mass political persuasion is a modern phenomenon, not fully developed before the First World War. The study of propaganda is even more recent for, apart from a few pioneering works at the turn of the present century, very little was written before 1930. Professor Qualter discusses the historical development and use, up to and including the Cold War era, of the deliberate attempts by political groups to use propaganda to “form, control, or alter the attitudes of other groups.”
Download or read book Psychological Operations in Guerrilla Warfare written by Tayacan and published by . This book was released on 1995-10-01 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Psychological Operations written by Joseph S Gordon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-06-04 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book evolved from a panel entitled "Psychological Operations: East and West", presented at the annual meeting of the International Studies Association, Section on Military Studies, at the Naval Postgraduate School in the Fall of 1983. The panel focused on the use of propaganda as an instrument of foreign policy by the Soviet Union and its alli
