Download or read book Political Violence in MENA written by P. R. Kumaraswamy and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Politics of Violence and Fear in MENA written by Helena Reimer-Burgrova and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-09-27 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ‘Politics of Violence and Fear in MENA: The Case of Egypt’ explores the state-orchestrated violence in Egypt, Syria, and Turkey justified by vaguely defined terrorist threats. It analyses the “wars on terror” as cases of lengthy securitisation processes that reinforced and legitimised autocratic practices of oppression in each country. Paying particular attention to Egypt’s “war on terror” that began 1981, the book looks into how and with what implications such securitisation processes are upheld throughout lengthy periods of time. Reworking the traditional securitisation theory, this book offers a novel securitisation model (the TER-model) that addresses the questions of securitisation durability and is applicable in non-liberal empirical contexts. The monograph is ideal for graduate students, researchers and policy makers in the fields of political science, International Relations, and Middle Eastern Studies.

Download or read book Violence in the Middle East written by Hamit Bozarslan and published by Markus Wiener Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence has been a central political issue in the Middle East during the past two decades, either episodically (Syria, Iran), or continually (Turkey, Egypt, Algeria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Israel/Palestine). This groundbreaking new study sheds light on the dynamics of this phenomenon by going beyond factors usually cited as the root causes'economy, religion, and culture'and investigating the political structure that actually triggers this violence. Initially, violence seems to be a rational instrument in contested power relations, but it often evolves into fragmented and privatized forms, such as warlords, or to nihilistic, sacrificial, or messianic forms.This book explores the ways in which the criminalization of political, ethnic, and sectarian identities has contributed to the formation of a ?tragic mind? that perceives violence as the surest provider of justice and hope. Only this in-depth research combining the cognitive, social, and religious sciences, as well as different problematiques such as the emergence of new religiosity, can allow us to understand the logic behind those attacks and the self-sacrificing forms of violence.Hamit Bozarslan, Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, Paris, is the author of several books, including La question kurde: Etats et Minorities au Moyen-Orient.

Download or read book The Politics of Violence Truth and Reconciliation in the Arab Middle East written by Sune Haugbolle and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-10-31 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the politics of political violence, truth and reconciliation in the contemporary Arab Middle East. It includes studies of state institutions, civil society and international organizations in Algeria, Morocco, Sudan, Iraq, Lebanon and Syria.

Download or read book Violence in the Middle East written by Hamit Bozarslan and published by Markus Wiener Publishers. This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Violence has been a central political issue in many Middle Eastern countries during the past two decades, either episodically (Syria, Iran) or continually (Turkey, Egypt, Algeria, Iraq, Afghanistan, and Israel/Palestine). This groundbreaking new study sheds light on the dynamics of this phenomenon by going beyond factors usually cited as the root causes - economy, religion, and culture - and investigating the political structure that actually triggers this violence. Violence seems to be treated by some groups during their initial stages as a rational instrument for changing contested power relations. In their later stages, these movements often weaken and spawn fragmented and privatized forms of violence - warlords are one example - and in some situations the violence metamorphoses into nihilistic, sacrificial, and/or messianic forms.

Download or read book Memory and Violence in the Middle East and North Africa written by Ussama Makdisi and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2006-03-14 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the relation between histories of violence and their contemporary commemoration.

Download or read book Gender and Violence in the Middle East written by David Ghanim Ph.D. and published by Bloomsbury Publishing USA. This book was released on 2009-03-20 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gender and Violence in the Middle East argues that violence is fundamental to the functioning of the patriarchal gender structure that governs daily life in Middle Eastern societies. Ghanim contends that the inherent violence of gender relations in the Middle East feeds the authoritarianism and political violence that plague public life in the region. In this societal sense, men as well as women may be said to be victims of the structural violence inherent in Middle Eastern gender relations. The author shows that the varieties of physical violence against women for which the Middle East is notorious—honor killings, obligatory beatings, female genital mutilation—are merely eruptions of an ethos of psychological violence and the threat of physical violence that pervades gender relations in the Middle East. Ghanim documents and analyzes the complementary roles of both sexes in sustaining the system of violence and oppressive control that regulates gender relations in Middle Eastern societies. He reveals that women are not only victims of violence but welcome the opportunity to become perpetrators of violence in the married female life cycle of subordination followed by domination. The mother-in-law plays a crucial role in supporting the structure of patriarchal control by stoking tensions with her daughter-in-law and provoking her son to commit sanctioned violence on his wife. The author applies his deep analysis of gender and violence in the Middle East to illuminate the motivational profiles of male and female political suicidalists from the Middle East and the martyrological adulation that they are accorded in Middle Eastern societies.

Download or read book Political Structures and Political Violence in the Middle East written by Madonna Aoun and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Memory and Violence in the Middle East and North Africa written by Ussama Samir Makdisi and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 2006 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Middle East and North Africa form a region united by a common history of armed conflict and repeated international efforts at producing a lasting peace. This interdisciplinary collection explores the connections between memories of past violence and the violence of present memories, the context for all contemporary efforts at conflict resolution and reconciliation. The contributors examine the 1954–1962 Franco-Algerian war, the 1975–1991 Lebanese civil war, and the ongoing Arab-Israeli conflict as interconnected struggles that outline national polities, infranational fractures, and transnational political connections. Insofar as national unity has been constructed on the contested claims of sacrifice and martyrdom, the legacy of violence has remained inscribed at the heart of political identity. The case studies point to the failure of current attempts to officially forget past conflicts, at the same time indicating local successes in commemorative actions that forge at least partial peaces between individuals and groups. Ussama Makdisi is Associate Professor of History at Rice University and the first holder of the Arab-American Educational Foundation Chair of Arab Studies. He is author of The Culture of Sectarianism: Community, History, and Violence in Nineteenth-Century Ottoman Lebanon. Paul Silverstein is Associate Professor of Anthropology at Reed College and author of Algeria in France: Transpolitics, Race, and Nation (IUP, 2004). He has conducted research in France, Algeria and Morocco and is a member of the editorial board of Middle East Report.

Download or read book The Politics of Mass Violence in the Middle East written by Laura Robson and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2020-08-14 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laura Robson examines the interactions between international and regional political economies of oil and water, and the increasingly explicit colonial and postcolonial politics of ethno-national identity centered around the question of Palestine, arguing that the Middle East's emergence as a 'zone of violence' only developed over the past century.

Download or read book More Freedom Less Terror written by Dalia Dassa Kaye and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2008 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the wake of September 11 through the U.S. invasion of Iraq, a key tenet of U.S. foreign policy has been that promoting democracy in the Arab world is an important strategy in reducing terrorism; at the same time, some policymakers and analysts have held that democracy has nothing to do with terrorism -- or even that the growth of democracy in the Middle East may exacerbate political violence. However, scant empirical evidence links democracy to terrorism, positively or negatively. This study examines whether such links exist by exploring the effects of liberalization processes on political violence in Egypt, Jordan, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Algeria, and Morocco from 1991 to 2006. Drawing on data on the incidence of terrorist violence, extensive fieldwork and interviews in each of the six countries, and primary and secondary literature from and about each country, Kaye et al. find that political reforms have, in some instances, helped to marginalize and undercut extremist actors, but that these effects tend to be short-lived if reforms fail to produce tangible results. Moreover, when regimes backtrack on even limited openings, the risks of instability and violence increase.

Download or read book Urban Violence in the Middle East written by Ulrike Freitag and published by Berghahn Books. This book was released on 2015-03-01 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering a period from the late eighteenth century to today, this volume explores the phenomenon of urban violence in order to unveil general developments and historical specificities in a variety of Middle Eastern contexts. By situating incidents in particular processes and conflicts, the case studies seek to counter notions of a violent Middle East in order to foster a new understanding of violence beyond that of a meaningless and destructive social and political act. Contributions explore processes sparked by the transition from empires — Ottoman and Qajar, but also European — to the formation of nation states, and the resulting changes in cityscapes throughout the region.

Download or read book The Many Faces of Political Violence written by Tim Sweijs and published by The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies. This book was released on 2017-02-20 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern era’s Great Power Peace has come under severe strain in recent years. The seams of the western-based world political order have stretched to the point of breaking, with non-state actors rising in response to exploit the global climate of paralysis and uncertainty. Indeed, violence levels are at historically high levels that haven’t been seen since 2004. But what does the violence waged on Europe’s borders mean for European citizens and their leaders? HCSS has analyzed trends in political violence using various open-data sources and provides a forecast of civil war onset risk for the year 2017 using in-house forecasting models based on rich quantitative datasets and complex theoretical frameworks. This study is part of the 2016-2017 HCSS StratMon.

Download or read book More Freedom Less Terror Liberalization and Political Violence in the Arab World written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, President Bush lamented, "Sixty years of Western nations excusing and accommodating the lack of freedom in the Middle East did nothing to make us safe," transforming democracy promotion into a national security priority. According to this logic, America must promote democracy as an antidote to terrorism; democracy promotion could no longer be relegated to obscure bureaus of the U.S. government. After 9/11 revealed the threats posed by extremism emanating from the Middle East, the Bush administration no longer considered democracy in the Arab world a luxury. To be sure, the destabilizing events that have unfolded in Iraq and the broader region since 2003 have led to a backlash against democracy promotion in the Middle East, and to some extent, against the United States as well. Moreover, democracy promotion never secured a very high level of support or resources from the U.S. administration even at the height of its popularity. But given the prominent role of democracy promotion in the broader U.S. strategy for the Middle East, it is curious that so little research has empirically explored the relationship between democracy and terrorism. This study is an attempt to fill this gap, examining six Arab cases in depth. Rather than ask whether democracy can stop terrorism, the authors explore how liberalization processes can influence calculations regarding political violence in various domestic contexts (recognizing that there are no democracies, and arguably no genuine democratization processes, in the Arab world today). Has the introduction of political reforms into the Arab Middle East alleviated terrorism and violent extremism? If so, in what ways and under what conditions? If not, why? Can the reversal of reforms and a return to repressive policies increase the risk of terrorism over time? In short, what are the effects of liberalization processes on the resort to political violence in this critical area of the world?

Download or read book Democracy War and Peace in the Middle East written by David Garnham and published by Indiana University Press. This book was released on 1995 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "... this volume is a highly valuable contribution to our understanding of the relation between democracy and peace in the Middle East, as well as in international politics in general.... this book will continue to be of value and interest for some time to come." --The Historian "This book is a useful collection of essays on Middle East politics and international relations presented in a reader-friendly interdisciplinary fashion." --Israel Studies Bulletin "... this is an important collection of challenging papers." --Studies in Contemporary Jewry "... one of the first books that specifically focuses on the possible links between democracy and peace in the region. It is entertaining and highly useful." --MESA Bulletin What are the prospects for continued movement toward democracy in the Arab world, and what form is democracy likely to take? What impact will democratization have on war and peace in the Middle East? Scholars explore these issues in this timely book.

Download or read book Violence and the City in the Modern Middle East written by Nelida Fuccaro and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 2016-03-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores violence in the public lives of modern Middle Eastern cities, approaching violence as an individual and collective experience, a historical event, and an urban process. Violence and the city coexist in a complicated dialogue, and critical consideration of the city offers an important way to understand the transformative powers of violence—its ability to redraw the boundaries of urban life, to create and divide communities, and to affect the ruling strategies of local elites, governments, and transnational political players. The essays included in this volume reflect the diversity of Middle Eastern urbanism from the eighteenth to the late twentieth centuries, from the capitals of Cairo, Tunis, and Baghdad to the provincial towns of Jeddah, Nablus, and Basra and the oil settlements of Dhahran and Abadan. In reconstructing the violent pasts of cities, new vistas on modern Middle Eastern history are opened, offering alternative and complementary perspectives to the making and unmaking of empires, nations, and states. Given the crucial importance of urban centers in shaping the Middle East in the modern era, and the ongoing potential of public histories to foster dialogue and reconciliation, this volume is both critical and timely.

Download or read book Conversations with Terrorists written by Reese Erlich and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-01-08 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on original research and firsthand interviews, Conversations with Terrorists offers critical portraits of six Middle Eastern leaders often labeled as terrorists: Syrian president Bashar Al-Assad, Hamas top leader Khaled Meshal, Israeli politician Geula Cohen, Iranian Revolutionary Guard founder Mohsen Sazargara, Hezbollah spiritual advisor Grand Ayatollah Mohammed Fadlallah, and former Afghan Radio and Television Ministry head Malamo Nazamy. Veteran journalist Reese Erlich offers them a chance to explain key issues and to respond to charges leveled by the United States. Critiquing these responses and synthesizing a broad range of material, Erlich shows that yesterday’s terrorist is today’s national leader, and that today’s freedom fighter may become tomorrow’s terrorist. He concludes that the global war on terror has diverted public attention from the war’s real goal—expanding U.S. influence and interests in the Middle East—and offers policy remedies.