Download or read book Point of use Soil Diagnostics written by Soumya Braganza and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the mid-1960s, India came to the brink of an acute food crisis in the midst of heavy dependence on food imports. A period of rapid agricultural modernization that followed, known as Green Revolution, transformed India from a net importer of food into an exporter. Although an appropriate response for abating the impending starvation, the Green Revolution inflicted several unintended consequences. For example, regulatory structure and fertilizer subsidies for urea that were designed to stimulate growth instead resulted in a lock-in, which in turn incentivized vast over-fertilization across the country. Today, this is a well-recognized problem, and the Government of India has announced policies and schemes such as the National Soil Health Card Scheme to increase knowledge of soil condition and curb fertilizer use. In reality, however, the current need for information on soil health far exceeds the capacity for soil testing, highlighting the need for a radical approach to meeting this policy objective. This project, undertaken in collaboration with MIT Mechanical Engineering, takes a two-part approach to addressing this problem, with the design of a point-of-use soil testing sensor and an accompanying recommendation generation engine. This thesis presents the design of the latter based upon the answer to the following question: what constitutes an actionable information for resource constrained farmers? To answer it, we use a mixed methodology approach comprising (i) a combination of stakeholder interviews and design workshops to elicit user needs, and (ii) controlled experimentation with over 200 farmers covering an entire village to measure the actionability of information in soil health recommendations. The results of the analysis of experimental data reveal that the actionability of recommendations varies significantly within the population of farmers tested, and can be attributed to the level of information provided, the environment in which a farmer receives a recommendation, gender, and education level. Consequently, an effective point-of-use diagnostic system must adjust for these factors in order to maintain high actionability. To that end, we then use the experimental results to design a recommendation generation engine, the core of which is a soil health database that maximizes the actionability of information for a resource constrained farmer.
Download or read book Soil Testing And Analysis Plant Water And Pesticide Residues written by Patiram and published by NIPA - New India Publishing Agency. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The well being of the humans including animals depend upon very much on how the soil productivity is maintained without ecosystems degradation. Most likely soil can efficiently sustain humanity with food, fibre, feed to animals and clean environmental maintenance only when it is considered and managed from the holistic and ecosystem points of view. Plants need at least 16 essential elements for their normal growth and to complete their life. The soil testing provides the status of the nutrients determined in the laboratory for the application of appropriate rate of fertilizers to eliminate the nutrients limiting for production. The soil testing along with plant analysis gives the true status of plant nutrients affected by soil properties to take the proper care for the plant growth. Our available water resources are diminishing and getting polluted with excess use of fertilizers and pesticides which are ultimately affecting the environment, food produced and water quality. The purpose of this book 'Soil Testing and Analysis' is (i) to provide the vital plant nutrients functions for which soil testing is to be made; (ii) to determine the nutrient status of the soil with appropriate methods, measurements and criteria for interpreting those assessments; (iii) to analyze the appropriate parts of the plant samples for nutrient elements with available methods of analysis; (iv) to analyze the important water quality parameters with interpretations; and (v) to prepare the soil, plant and water samples for the analysis of pesticide residues with the different available methods. This is a comprehensive presentation of useful information for the scientific and technical personals involved in such types of analysis.
Download or read book Soil Analysis Handbook of Reference Methods written by Soil and Plant Analysis Council Inc. and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 30 years, soil testing has been widely used as a basis for determining lime and fertilizer needs. Today, a number of procedures are used for determining everything from soil pH and lime requirement, to the level of extractable nutrient elements. And as the number of cropped fields being tested increases, more and more farmers and growers will come to rely on soil test results. But if soil testing is to be an effective means of evaluating the fertility status of soils, standardization of methodology is essential. No single test is appropriate for all soils. Soil Analysis Handbook of Reference Methods is a standard laboratory technique manual for the most commonly used soil analysis procedures. First published in 1974, this Handbook has changed over the years to reflect evolving needs. New test methods and modifications have been added, as well as new sections on nitrate, heavy metals, and quality assurance plans for agricultural testing laboratories. Compiled by the Soil and Plant Analysis Council, this latest edition of Soil Analysis Handbook of Reference Methods also addresses the major methods for managing plant nutrition currently in use in the United States and other parts of the world. For soil scientists, farmers, growers, or anyone with an interest in the environment, this reference will prove an invaluable guide to standard methods for soil testing well into the future. Features
Download or read book Soil Testing and Plant Analysis written by Robert Lee Westerman and published by American Society of Agronomy. This book was released on 1990 with total page 824 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book summarizes the current knowledge and experiences on the use of soil testing and plant analysis as a diagnostic tool for assessing nutritional requirements of crops, efficient fertilizer use, saline-sodic conditions, and toxicity of metals. Discussions on analytical instrumentation used in soil testing, plant analysis, and data processing are included.
Download or read book Detection Diagnosis and Management of Soil borne Phytopathogens written by Udai B. Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-03-28 with total page 506 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book provides an overview of omics technologies and methods for integration across multiple omics layers used in the plant disease diagnosis and developing management strategies. The book concentrates on the prevalence of soil-borne disease management in various important crops with use of different strategies, including host resistance and biological control etc. The special focus is on the resolving practical problems encountered after the resistance development in the pathogens against several chemical pesticides. Further, special attention is given to the emergence of new diseases or the re-emergence of old ones on several crops, and on the results and problems encountered by using microbial inoculants, biofumigation and other non-chemical control methods. This book has 18 contributory chapters from the eminent experts in the field of plant pathology, microbiology and biotechnology working on different aspects of soil-borne diseases of important agricultural crops. This edited volume is of interest and useful to researchers in plant pathology, agriculture sciences, plant genomics ecology, policy makers, also it is a valuable source of reference to the relevant researchers and students globally.
Download or read book Soil Characterization and Modeling of Spatial Distribution of Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity at Two Sites in the Volta Basin of Ghana written by Wilson Agyei Agyare and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2004 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the key parameters in hydrological and climate change modeling is a good estimation of the soil hydrauic properties in the region of interest. This study investigates the spatial distribution and variability of soil physical properties, with emphasis on saturated hydraulic conductivity at two pilot sites in the Volta Basin of Ghana. It focuses on the potential of pedotransfer functions (PTFs) and artificial neural network (ANN) approach for estimating saturated hydraulic conductivity. Saturated hydraulic conductivity was observed to be highly spatially variable; however, it can be estimated using selected PTFs and ANN for soils in the Volta Basin based on soil parameters that can readily be obtained from detailed soil maps--From cover.
Download or read book Visual Soil Assessment written by Trevor Graham Shepherd and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diagnostic Techniques for Soils and Crops written by Firman Edward Bear and published by . This book was released on 1948 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guidelines for Soil Description written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2006 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Soils are affected by human activities, such as industrial, municipal and agriculture, that often result in soil degradation and loss. In order to prevent soil degradation and to rehabilitate the potentials of degraded soils, reliable soil data are the most important prerequisites for the design of appropriate land-use systems and soil management practices as well as for a better understanding of the environment. The availability of reliable information on soil morphology and other characteristics obtained through examination and description of the soil in the field is essential, and the use of a common language is of prime importance. These guidelines, based on the latest internationally accepted systems and classifications, provide a complete procedure for soil description and for collecting field data. To help beginners, some explanatory notes are included as well as keys based on simple test and observations.--Publisher's description.
Download or read book Soil Analysis Handbook of Reference Methods written by Jr. Jones and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-02-06 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For more than 30 years, soil testing has been widely used as a basis for determining lime and fertilizer needs. Today, a number of procedures are used for determining everything from soil pH and lime requirement, to the level of extractable nutrient elements. And as the number of cropped fields being tested increases, more and more farmers and growers will come to rely on soil test results. But if soil testing is to be an effective means of evaluating the fertility status of soils, standardization of methodology is essential. No single test is appropriate for all soils. Soil Analysis Handbook of Reference Methods is a standard laboratory technique manual for the most commonly used soil analysis procedures. First published in 1974, this Handbook has changed over the years to reflect evolving needs. New test methods and modifications have been added, as well as new sections on nitrate, heavy metals, and quality assurance plans for agricultural testing laboratories. Compiled by the Soil and Plant Analysis Council, this latest edition of Soil Analysis Handbook of Reference Methods also addresses the major methods for managing plant nutrition currently in use in the United States and other parts of the world. For soil scientists, farmers, growers, or anyone with an interest in the environment, this reference will prove an invaluable guide to standard methods for soil testing well into the future. Features
Download or read book Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils written by Regional Salinity Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1954 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Saline and Alkali Soils Diagnosis Reclamation and Management written by S.K. Gupta and published by Scientific Publishers. This book was released on 2019-05-11 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The term "alkali soil"is employed to refer to soils that have a high exchangeable-sodium-percentage; and "saline soil" is used in connection with soils having a high value for the electrical conductivity of the saturation extract. This handbook was first issued in multilithed form in 1947, and it has been widely distributed in this country and abroad. The handbook is intended primarily as a practical guide for those who are confroted with soil, plant, and water problems involving salinity and alkali The first five chapters provide a basis for the evaluation and interpretaion of measure-ments The procedures and measuring methods given in chapters 6,7, and 8 are those with which the Laboratory has had experience, and they are believed to have general applicability in the diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils. This handbook is the result of the combined efforts of the entire staff of the salinity Laboratry.
Download or read book Improving Potassium Recommendations for Agricultural Crops written by T. Scott Murrell and published by Springer. This book was released on 2022 with total page 476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book highlights concepts discussed at two international conferences that brought together world-renowned scientists to advance the science of potassium (K) recommendations for crops. There was general agreement that the potassium recommendations currently in general use are oversimplified, outdated, and jeopardize soil, plant, and human health. Accordingly, this book puts forward a significantly expanded K cycle that more accurately depicts K inputs, losses and transformations in soils. This new cycle serves as both the conceptual basis for the scientific discussions in this book and a framework upon which to build future improvements. Previously used approaches are critically reviewed and assessed, not only for their relevance to future enhancements, but also for their use as metrics of sustainability. An initial effort is made to link K nutrition in crops and K nutrition in humans. The book offers an invaluable asset for graduate students, educators, industry scientists, data scientists, and advanced agronomists.
Download or read book Manual of Soil Plant and Water Analysis written by Tahir Ali and published by . This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book manual of soil Plant and water analysis is essential for agricultural and horticultural courses in Colleges and Universities. Also it finds its importance in Fisheries (for pond soil) Sericulture (for mulberry cultivation) and Animal Sciences (for fodder cultivation). Explanations, descriptions, procedures and calculations of results are arranged systematically in easy language so that this guide can be used by laboratory personnel with a wide range of education level. Also basic values and factors needed for calculating results are given in each method so that no extra books and tables are normally required although some exceptions could not be avoided. The book is suitable to establish a Soil, plant and water testing laboratory and / or test the soil, plant and water. The basic purpose here is to help in making the fertilizer recommendations for Optimum production Contents Chapter 1: Soil Testing and Fertility Management 1-21; Definition, Objectives, Importance and facilities, Methods of soil fertility evaluation; Microbial test for determining soil fertility: Azotobacter plaque test, Aspergillus niger test, Cunninghamella plaque method; Chemical methods for evaluating Soil fertility: Qualitative test, Rapid plant tissue tests; Quantitative test, Vegetative methods, Visual diagnosis of deficiency symptoms, Use of indicator plants; Phace of Soil testing; Instrument Used, Sampling procedure, Dispatch, Sample preparation, Analysis, Soil texture, Electrical conductivity, pH, Calcariousness, Organic carbon, Available nitrogen, Available phosphorus, Available postassium, Available secondary nutrients, Lime requirement, Gypsum requirement; Interpretation and fertilizer recommendations; Chapter 2: Methods of Soil Analysis; Determination of available nutrients; Determination of organic carbon; Titrimetric method, Colorimetric method; Determination of available nitrogen; Alkaline potassium permanganate method, Calcium hydroxide method, Calcium hydroxide method, Incubation method( Kenny and Bremrer, 1962), Nitrate-N by pheno Disulphonic acid method, Ammonium-N by colorimetric method; Determination of available phosphorus; Olsen s method, Bray s and Kurtz method; Determination of available potassium; Determination of avialable sulphur; Monocalcium phosphate extractables (Ensminger, 1954), Turbidimetric method (Massoumi and Cornfield, 1963), Ammonium acetate-acetic acid extractable S, Colorimetric method for determination of available sulphur using Barium Chromate (Palaskar et al., 1981), Determination of exchangeable calcium and magnesium, Determination of exchangeable sodium, Determination of Available Iron, Manganese, Copper, Zinc (DTPA extractable) by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer, Derermination of available zinc, Ammonium acetate dithizone extraction method, Determination of available manganese, Determination of available copper, Determination of available iron, Colorimetric extraction method, Determination of available molybdenum, Determination of available born 75, Curcumin method; Chapter 3: Testing for Edaphic Chemical Properties; Soil texture; Determination of texture, Hydrometer meter, International pipette method; Determination of bulk density of soil; Core sampler technique, Sand pouring technique, Paraffin cold technique, Paraffin cold technique; Determination of Soil Reaction (pH); Colorimetric method, Potentiometric method, Determination of electrical conductivity, Determination of cation exchange capacity, Determination of calcium carbonate; Rapid titration method; Dtermination of lime requirement of soil; Shoemaker et al method, Determination of gypsum requirement of Soil; Chapter 4: Plant Analysis; Analysis of plant tissue, Nitrogen, Dry ashing, Wet ashing, Determination of phosphorus; Vanadomolybdate method, Determination of potassium, Determination of micronutrient cations (Zn, Mn, Cu and Fe), Determination of boron, Determination of molybdenum, Interpretation of plant analysis of data; Chapter 5: Advance Methods of Soil and Plant Analysis; Plasma atomic emission spectrophotometer, Nitrogen analyzer as a tool for nitrogen estimation (ICAP-AES); Chapter 6: Analysis of Irrigation Water; Analysis of Irrigation Water; Collection of water samples; Sampling of water; Analysis of waters; pH, Total soluble solids; Gravimetric method, Electrical conductivity, Carbonates and bicarbonates, Chloride, Sulphate, Boron, Nitrate-nitrogen; Calcium and magnesium; Calcium, Magnesium; Sodium and potassium; Potassium; Residual sodium carbonate (RSC); Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD); Chemical oxygen demand (COD); Chapter 7: Laboratory Facilities; Laboratory equipments, Glassware and plasticware, Chemical and solutions
Download or read book Soil Sampling Preparation and Analysis Second Edition written by Kim H. Tan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2005-04-29 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As with the highly popular original, this new edition of Soil Sampling, Preparation, and Analysis provides students with an exceptionally clear description of the sampling and analysis methods most commonly used in modern soil laboratories around the world. What sets it apart as the first choice of professors is the grounding it offers in fundamental principles, professional protocols, and specific procedures. What makes it especially popular with students is that it spares them from having to tote large volumes for the sake of a page or two. Fully revised to introduce the latest advances, the text is lucidly illustrated with original results garnered from years of hands-on experiments conducted by the author and his students. In response to requests from active users of the first edition, these new features have been added: § Three new chapters on soil and plant test methods § A focus on testing and analysis limited to edaphology, as opposed to edaphology and pedology as a whole in the ecosystem § Information and insight reflecting the author’s expertise on electron microscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance § Extensive revisions and expansion to include recent advances and shifting interests in the field Soil Sampling, Preparation, and Analysis is divided into three sections: the first covers principles of soil sampling, sources of errors, and variability of results; the second explains common procedures for extraction and analysis in soil plant testing; and the last covers instrumentation. While Professor Tan designed and further honed the book to serve the practical needs of students, with this volume he also provides them with an essential reference that will continue to serve them throughout their training and into their careers.
Download or read book Soil Quality Test Kit Guide written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils written by L. E. Allison and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
