Download or read book Plutonium Dissolution Process written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plutonium Oxide Dissolution written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several processing options for dissolving plutonium oxide (PuO[sub 2]) from high-fired materials have been studied. The scoping studies performed on these options were focused on PuO[sub 2] typically generated by burning plutonium metal and PuO[sub 2] produced during incineration of alpha contaminated waste. At least two processing options remain applicable for dissolving high-fired PuO[sub 2] in canyon dissolvers. The options involve solid solution formation of PuO[sub 2] With uranium oxide (UO[sub 2]) and alloying incinerator ash with aluminum. An oxidative dissolution process involving nitric acid solutions containing a strong oxidizing agent, such as cerium (IV), was neither proven nor rejected. This uncertainty was due to difficulty in regenerating cerium (IV) ions during dissolution. However, recent work on silver-catalyzed dissolution of PuO[sub 2] with persulfate has demonstrated that persulfate ions regenerate silver (II). Use of persulfate to regenerate cerium (IV) or bismuth (V) ions during dissolution of PuO[sub 2] materials may warrant further study.
Download or read book Recovery of Plutonium from Incinerator Ash written by F. E. Butler and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissolving Plutonium Metal in Sulfamic Acid written by William J. Jenkins and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plutonium metal was found to dissolve readily in sulfamic acid and in mixtures of sulfamic and nitric acid. This method of dissolution is convenient in a plant process for the recovery of off-standard metal.
Download or read book Acid Dissolution Method for the Analysis of Plutonium in Soil written by E. L. Whittaker and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nuclear Materials written by United States. General Accounting Office and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissolution of Neptunium and Plutonium Oxides Using a Catalyzed Electrolytic Process written by TD. Hylton and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report discusses the scoping study performed to evaluate the use of a catalyzed electrolytic process for dissolving {sup 237}Np oxide targets that had been irradiated to produce {sup 238}Pu oxide. Historically, these compounds have been difficult to dissolve, and complete dissolution was obtained only by adding hydrofluoric acid to the nitric acid solvent. The presence of fluoride in the mixture is undesired because the fluoride ions are corrosive to tank and piping systems and the fluoride ions cause interferences in the spectrophotometric analyses. The goal is to find a dissolution method that will eliminate these issues and that can be incorporated into a processing system to support the domestic production and purification of {sup 238}Pu. This study evaluated the potential of cerium(IV) ions, a strong oxidant, to attack and dissolve the oxide compounds. In the dissolution process, the cerium(IV) ions are reduced to cerium(III) ions, which are not oxidants. Therefore, an electrolytic process was incorporated to continuously convert cerium(III) ions back to cerium(IV) ions so that they can dissolve more of the oxide compounds. This study showed that the neptunium and plutonium oxides were successfully dissolved and that more development work should be performed to optimize the procedure.
Download or read book Dissolution of Plutonium Oxide written by G.F. Molen and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissolution Techniques written by Gary L. Silver and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Method for Dissolving Plutonium Oxide with HI and Separating Plutonium written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: PuO.sub. 2 -containing solids, particularly residues from incomplete HNO.sub. 3 dissolution of irradiated nuclear fuels, are dissolved in aqueous HI. The resulting solution is evaporated to dryness and the solids are dissolved in HNO.sub. 3 for further chemical reprocessing. Alternatively, the HI solution containing dissolved Pu values, can be contacted with a cation exchange resin causing the Pu values to load the resin. The Pu values are selectively eluted from the resin with more concentrated HI.
Download or read book Dissolution of Plutonium Metal Using a HAN Process written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 5 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal stability tests were conducted with a nitric acid (HNO3)/hydroxylammonium nitrate (HAN)/potassium fluoride (KF) solution. The solution has great potential for use in plutonium dissolution because of the small quantity of hydrogen and other offgases produced. Tests were carried out in a Reactive Systems Screening Tool (RSST). The RSST is a calorimeter equipped with temperature and pressure probes as well as a heater that can heat a liquid sample at a programmed rate. In most cases, the calorimeter was pressurized with nitrogen to reduce evaporation of the liquid sample during heating. For the proposed solution, an autocatalytic reaction occurred between 113 and 131 degrees Celsius with 300 psig or 50 psig nitrogen inside the RSST vapor space. At ambient pressure, the solution boiled at about 110 degrees Celsius. After extensive boiling, the concentrations of HNO3 and HAN increased and the autocatalytic reaction occurred. Tests were also conducted with 1000 ppm Fe present in the solution. The range of the autocatalytic reaction initiation temperature was reduced to 105-120.5 degrees Celsius. With iron at ambient pressure, boiling still occurred above 100 degrees Celsius prior to the autocatalytic reaction, which occurred at 108-109 degrees Celsius. These results demonstrated the stability of the proposed HAN flowsheet, for which the planned dissolving temperature is 50-60 degrees Celsius. Additional tests were carried out with more concentrated solutions to further characterize the autocatalytic reaction initiation temperature. Increasing the nitric acid concentration to 3M decreased the reaction initiation temperature to 102-103 degrees Celsius. Increasing the HAN concentration increased the temperature rise of the reaction from 10-30 degrees Celsius to greater than 40 degrees Celsius. Increasing both reactants-to 3M nitric acid and 0.9M HAN-yielded a reaction initiation temperature of 91 degrees Celsius (with or without iron), the lowest observed in this study. This study was the first part of a larger flowsheet development / demonstration program for the plutonium metal dissolving process. The results of the study may be useful for similar flowsheets.
Download or read book Plutonium Processing in the Nuclear Weapons Complex written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1993-07 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes the methods and facilities for DOE's processing of plutonium for use in nuclear weapons. DOE no longer produces plutonium but processes and recycles the plutonium from retired nuclear weapons and the plutonium that remains as scrap or residue from plutonium processing. It has used two basic processes: aqueous and pyrochemical, at four processing sites, although only one site is currently operating. Photos, drawings and charts.
Download or read book DISSOLUTION OF PLUTONIUM METAL USING NITRIC ACID SOLUTIONS CONTAINING POTASSIUM FLUORIDE written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deinventory and deactivation of the Savannah River Site's (SRS's) FB-Line facility required the disposition of approximately 2000 items from the facility's vaults. Plutonium (Pu) scraps and residues which do not meet criteria for conversion to a mixed oxide fuel will be dissolved and the solution stored for subsequent disposition. Some of the items scheduled for dissolution are composite materials containing Pu and tantalum (Ta) metals. The preferred approach for handling this material is to dissolve the Pu metal, rinse the Ta metal with water to remove residual acid, and burn the Ta metal. The use of a 4 M nitric acid (HNO3) solution containing 0.2 M potassium fluoride (KF) was initially recommended for the dissolution of approximately 500 g of Pu metal. However, prior to the use of the flowsheet in the SRS facility, a new processing plan was proposed in which the feed to the dissolver could contain up to 1250 g of Pu metal. To evaluate the use of a larger batch size and subsequent issues associated with the precipitation of plutonium-containing solids from the dissolving solution, scaled experiments were performed using Pu metal and samples of the composite material. In the initial experiment, incomplete dissolution of a Pu metal sample demonstrated that a 1250 g batch size was not feasible in the HB-Line dissolver. Approximately 45% of the Pu was solubilized in 4 h. The remaining Pu metal was converted to plutonium oxide (PuO2). Based on this work, the dissolution of 500 g of Pu metal using a 4-6 h cycle time was recommended for the HB-Line facility. Three dissolution experiments were subsequently performed using samples of the Pu/Ta composite material to demonstrate conditions which reduced the risk of precipitating a double fluoride salt containing Pu and K from the dissolving solution. In these experiments, the KF concentration was reduced from 0.2 M to either 0.15 or 0.175 M. With the use of 4 M HNO3 and a reduction in the KF concentration to 0.175 M, the dissolution of 300 g of Pu metal is expected to be essentially complete in 6 h. The dissolution of larger batch sizes would result in the formation of PuO2 solids. Incomplete dissolution of the PuO2 formed from the metal is not a solubility limitation, but can be attributed to a combination of reduced acidity and complexation of fluoride which slows the dissolution kinetics and effectively limits the mass of Pu dissolved.
Download or read book In Vitro Dissolution of Respirable Aerosols of Industrial Uranium and Plutonium Mixed oxide Nuclear Fuels written by A. F. Eidson and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Catalyzed Electrolytic Plutonium Oxide Dissolution CEPOD written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Catalyzed Electrolytic Plutonium Oxide Dissolution (CEPOD) was first demonstrated at PNL in early 1974 in work funded by EXXON Corporation. That work was aimed at dissolution of Pu-containing residues remaining in mixed-oxide reactor fuels dissolution and was first publicly disclosed in 1981. The process dissolves PuO2 in an anolyte containing small (catalytic) amounts of elements that form kinetically fast, strongly oxidizing ions. These are continuously regenerated at the anode. Catalysts used, in their oxidized form, include Ag{sup 2+}, Ce{sup 4+}, Co{sup 3+}, and AmO2{sup 2+}. This paper reviews the chemistry involved in CEPOD and the results of its application to the dissolution of the Pu content of a variety of PuO2-containing materials such as off-standard oxide, fuels dissolution residues, incinerator ash, contaminated soils, and other scrapes or wastes. Results are presented for both laboratory-scale and plant-scale dissolvers. Spin-off applications such as decontamination of metallic surfaces and destruction of organics are discussed. 27 refs., 14 figs.
Download or read book Dissolution of High fired Plutonium Oxide written by and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Development of the CEPOD Process for Dissolving Plutonium Oxide and Leaching Plutonium from Scrap Or Wastes Catalyzed Electrochemical Plutonium Oxide Dissolution CEPOD written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Laboratory-scale dissolving tests have demonstrated that PuO2, fired at temperatures between 950 and 1700°C, can be dissolved at 25 to 35°C to concentrations exceeding 100 g Pu/L in an electrochemical dissolver using silver ion as a redox catalyst. The dissolution rates are 2 to 5 times faster than the rates obtained using the current process (12 M HNO3-0.18 M HF at 90°C) and the corrosive fluoride ion is avoided. 4 refs., 5 figs., 1 tab.
