Download or read book Plasma Polymerized Coatings for Improved Corrosion Resistance written by Yang Zhou and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tens of billions of dollars are spent on corrosion problems every year in the US by the Department of Defense alone. Polymer coating systems are widely used for protecting the metal by preventing water transport through the coating and contact with the metal. Due to the environmental hazards associated with hexavalent chromium and volatile organic contents from traditional polymer coating systems, there is an urgent need to develop new types of coatings. These concerns have drawn attention to ecologically friendly coatings deposited with vapor deposition techniques like plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). In this work, we not only have developed plasma polymerized (pp) coatings for improved corrosion resistance, but also have characterized their structures and properties with various techniques. Firstly, we started with plasma polymerized coatings from well-established vacuum based PECVD to understand their water resistance and corrosion resistance. An Al panel coated with plasma polymerized maleic anhydride (pp-MA) corroded after one day in salt spray, while a similarly thin (~30 nm) plasma polymerized hexamethyldisiloxane (pp-HMDSO) coating protected an Al panel for a period on the order of one month. The behavior seen with macroscopic tests was consistent with nanoscale characterization with Neutron Reflectivity and Sum Frequency Generation Spectroscopy that showed slow water penetration through a pp-HMDSO coating and water accumulation at the pp-MA/substrate interface. In addition, off specular X-ray measurement showed that the interfacial water disrupted the conformality of the pp-MA coating with the substrate. Secondly, we used plasma polymerized coatings as primer to improve the corrosion resistance of a whole coating system. Both electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurements and salt spray tests showed that using a thin pp-HMDSO coating as a primer under a polyurethane (PU) topcoat can increase the corrosion resistance by a factor of 10 times over that for a PU topcoat directly on an Al panel. The poorly adhesion to the topcoat with hydrophobic pp-HMDSO can be improved with gradient coatings using surface modification of the pp-HMDSO coating. The coatings with plasma polymerized primers showed better corrosion resistance than those of PU on Al and PU on chromate treated Al after 1-month, 3-month and 6-month field tests in a harsh seashore environment in Hawaii. Thirdly, we modified surface fluctuations of polymer melt films by modifying the substrate surface with PECVD. The surface fluctuations of polystyrene thin film with thickness around 3 Rg on pp-MA modified silicon substrate showed less confinement than did similarly thick films on bare silicon. There was no confinement for either case when film thickness was larger than 4 Rg. The difference in confinement was related to the different strongly adsorbed layers on the different substrates. The surface of a polystyrene thin film with thickness around 4 Rg on a pp-HMDSO modified silicon substrate showed faster fluctuations and cannot be described with the HCT theory. This could due to slip at the interface between PS and pp-HMDSO. Finally, we developed plasma polymerized organic coatings deposited in air using atmospheric pressure PECVD (APPECVD). A coating from the same precursor, HMDSO, deposited at atmosphere with APPECVD was hydrophilic and inorganic in character. Using the low oxygen content monomer tetramethylsilane or hexamethyldisilazane, we successfully developed hydrophobic coatings with higher relative carbon contents.
Download or read book Electrochemical Characterization of Plasma Polymer Coatings in Corrosion Protection of Aluminum written by Yen-Fong Chan and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Low-temperature plasma polymerization is a new and promising pretreatment technique to create environmentally friendly coating systems with good corrosion protection for aluminum (Al) alloys. The effects of plasma pretreatment and plasma polymerization on corrosion protection of alclad Al alloy 2024-T3 ([2A]) were characterized using electrochemical techniques, including cyclic polarization (CP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The [2A] panels were coated with an ultrathin layer (~50 nm) of plasma polymers in a direct current (dc) glow discharge of trimethylsilane (TMS) or its mixtures with O 2 or N 2 . The CP measurement results showed that the plasma polymer coated [2A] panels exhibited more negative corrosion potentials (E corr), smaller corrosion currents (I corr), and no surface passivation when compared with uncoated [2A] panels. The lower values of I corr imply a higher corrosion resistance on the plasma polymer coated [2A]. When investigated using EIS, these plasma polymer coated [2A] panels exhibited higher impedance at low frequency when first immersed in electrolyte solution, yet degraded quickly to the similar level as uncoated controls within one day of immersion. These results illustrated that thin plasma polymer films provided a certain but very limited corrosion resistance to [2A] substrate; their dominant role in plasma interface engineered coating systems still lies mostly in their adhesion enhancement at metal/paint interface as observed in our previous studies and further confirmed in this study.
Download or read book Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation PEO Coatings written by Marta Mohedano and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-06-02 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), also known as micro-arc oxidation (MAO), functionalizes surfaces, improving the mechanical, thermal, and corrosion performance of metallic substrates, along with other tailored properties (e.g., biocompatibility, catalysis, antibacterial response, self-lubrication, etc.). The extensive field of applications of this technique ranges from structural components, in particular, in the transport sector, to more advanced fields, such as bioengineering. The present Special Issue covers the latest advances in PEO‐coated light alloys for structural (Al, Mg) and biomedical applications (Ti, Mg), with 10 research papers and 1 review from leading research groups around the world.
Download or read book Plasma Polymer Coatings to Prevent Pipeline Corrosion and Reduce Friction written by George W. Walpert and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Three different materials, thiophene, hexamethyldisiloxane, and hexamethyldisilazane were deposited on mild steel coupons by low temperature radio-frequency plasma polymerization. Statistically designed experiment matrices were utilized to screen a range of operating conditions and optimize coating properties. For two of the materials, a narrower range of conditions was used to produce coating weights of about 400 micrograms per square centimeters, and these coatings were evaluated for corrosion protection and coating physical properties. Coatings were produced which yielded 256 hours in air-bubbled salt water to 95% corrosion. Uncoated coupons in the same test rusted to 95% in six hours. The best coating was deposited at a rate of 4 micrograms per square centimeter per minute, but reasonably good coatings were produced at coating rates of 20 to 30 micrograms per square centimeter per minute. The feasibility of corrosion protection coatings using low temperature plasma polymerization has been established by this project, but much process and product development remains for commercialization. Recommendations for continued development work are discussed in this report. Keywords: Ceramic materials; Pipelines; Diagnostic tests; real time; process control methods.
Download or read book Silanes and Other Coupling Agents written by K. L. Mittal and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2009-03-16 with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume chronicles the proceedings of the Fourth International Symposium on Silanes and Other Coupling Agents.This volume and its predecessors containing bountiful information should serve as a reference source for the latest R&D activity in the arena of coupling agents. Anyone interested or involved in promoting adhesion between dissimilar materials for any application should find this volume of great use and value.
Download or read book Nickel Titanium Materials written by Yoshiki Oshida and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2020-08-24 with total page 1046 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nickel-Titanium alloys are smart materials exhibiting unique properties such as superelasticity and shape-memory effect. The material has been used as orthodontic wires in the dental field for over 20 years. This book is a comprehensive overview to the field of Ni-Ti Materials and the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of this versatile alloy. In addition, complications and challenges exhibited in applications are also discussed.
Download or read book Surface Coating and Modification of Metallic Biomaterials written by Cuie Wen and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite advances in alternative materials, metals are still the biomaterial of choice for a number of clinical applications such as dental, orthopedic and cardiac implants. However, there are a number of intrinsic problems associated with implanting metal in the biological environment, such as wear, corrosion, biocompatibility and toxicity, which must be addressed. Modern technology has enabled scientists to modify metal surfaces or apply special coatings to metals to improve their performance safety. Surface Coating and Modification of Metallic Biomaterials will discuss the most important modification techniques and coatings for metals, first covering the fundamentals of metals as a biomaterial and then exploring surface modification techniques and coatings. - An expansive overview of surface modification techniques for biomedical use - In-depth exploration of issues arising from metal biomaterial use - Includes examples of applications in a clinical setting
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology Two Volume Set written by J. Leon Shohet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 1654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technical plasmas have a wide range of industrial applications. The Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology covers all aspects of plasma technology from the fundamentals to a range of applications across a large number of industries and disciplines. Topics covered include nanotechnology, solar cell technology, biomedical and clinical applications, electronic materials, sustainability, and clean technologies. The book bridges materials science, industrial chemistry, physics, and engineering, making it a must have for researchers in industry and academia, as well as those working on application-oriented plasma technologies. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]
Download or read book Plasma Polymerized Coatings for Wear Resistance of Polyurethane written by Jing Guo and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Corrosion Mitigation Coatings written by Ashish Kumar and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2023-11-06 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experience the eco-friendly breakthrough in corrosion mitigation through functionalized thin fi lm coatings! This book delves deep into the cutting-edge advancements in synthesizing and applying functionalized thin fi lm coatings to safeguard metals and alloys by replacing commercially available toxic inhibitors. It includes an overview, of properties, applications, and methodologies to detect and inhibit corrosion.
Download or read book Plastics for Corrosion Inhibition written by V.A. Goldade and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the key problems of failure-free operation of machinery is prevention of corrosion. The global scale of modern production makes this problem even more critical. At the beginning of the 21st century industrial contami- tion and the corrosion-active nature of the environment reached a level such that corrosive damage of materials became commensurate with their prod- tion volume and expenditure on anticorrosion protection of machines became comparable with investments in basic production. Anticorrosion techniques changed from being an auxiliary service to industrial enterprises into a dev- oping, scienti?cally intensive and generously ?nanced branch of production. Polymers occupy a very speci?c place amongst anticorrosion techniques. Polymers combine good chemical resistance with impermeability to di?- ent media and unusual deformation characteristics. The main principle of their application as anticorrosion means is the creation of a tight barrier that insulates metal machine parts or constructions from corrosion agents. The advantages of polymers allow the creation of such a barrier at minimal cost,providingprotectionoftheworkingmachinesfromcorrosion,combining their manufacture with preservation and decreasing the cost of anticorrosion. This is one of the main reasons why world production of polymer materials increased by almost 50% in the past decade.
Download or read book Investigation of Plasma ion Vapor Deposition IVD Hybrid Coatings for Corrosion Protection and Plasma Destruction of Oral Bacteria written by Adam Blumhagen and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation reports the research results obtained in investigating low pressure plasma coatings for corrosion protection of aluminum ion vapor deposition (IVD) coated high-strength steels and in studying atmospheric non-thermal plasmas for destruction of oral bacteria. The objective of investigating plasma coatings for protection of IVD coated high strength steel is to reduce damage from corrosion and prevent its hydrogen re-embrittlement that often occurs in aircraft. In this study, we completed the design and construction of a hybrid IVD/plasma coater, which has the capability of producing both aluminum IVD coatings and plasma coatings of trimethylsilane (TMS). Both IVD Al coating and TMS plasma coatings were successfully prepared by the hybrid coater. The coating properties of the resulted IVD coating and TMS plasma coating were characterized and evaluated. Corrosion property evaluation using potentiodynamic polarization technique indicated that TMS plasma coated IVD specimens showed a decrease in the magnitude of corrosion potential and a decrease in corrosion current compared to bare IVD, and thus better corrosion resistance. Corrosion test results from SO2 salt spray test showed that a similar amount of corrosion products were found with the plasma coated IVD specimens as their controls, i.e., chromate conversion coated IVD samples, and did not form visible amounts of red rust after 504 hours neutral salt fog. Hydrogen re-embrittlement testing demonstrated that TMS plasma coated IVD specimens gave better test results as compared with bare IVD samples. This result is believed to be due to the improved corrosion resistance of the TMS plasma coated IVD specimens and thus less amount of hydrogen formation as a corrosion by product. It was further found that IVD Al coating should be exposed to oxygen or air in order to create an oxide layer before organosilane coatings are applied for stronger corrosion resistance. TMS plasma coating did not cause contamination to IVD. Likewise, the application of IVD in the chamber prior to TMS plasma coating does not affect the barrier properties of the TMS plasma coating. To explore the potential application of non-thermal atmospheric plasmas in the dental field, plasma treatment effects using a plasma brush on disinfection of common oral bacteria were studied in terms of bacterial concentration, supporting media, plasma chemistry, and plasma exposure time. In the first set of oral disinfection experiments, Gram-positive oral bacteria Lactobacillus acidophilus and Streptococcus mutans were seeded on hydroxyapatite disks that were used as a tooth enamel analogue. By altering bacterial seeding density, a physical shadowing effect of bacterial cells was observed. The experimental data indicated that a plasma exposure time of 13 seconds effectively killed all bacteria when concentrations were less than 6.9x106 cfu/cm2 for L. acidophilus and 1.7x107 cfu/cm2 for for S. mutans. At higher bacterial concentrations of 1.2x108 - 2.5x108 cfu/cm2, a 1.5 log reduction in bacterial concentration was observed in the first 7 seconds, but nearly no further reduction in bacterial population was achieved after 20 seconds. Deactivation was determined to be caused by physical bombardment by energetic species. The disinfection experiment was repeated on dentin as the supporting media. During the first six seconds, deactivation rates were similar to that as performed on HA. After six seconds, deactivation began to plateau and full disinfection was not achieved. Upon further SEM examination, bacteria were observed within dentin tubules. Plasma treatment was unable to affect these deep lying bacteria. Bacteria were also seeded on glass cover slips held apart to create a microchannel and plasma treatment was performed with electrodes both transverse and in-line to the microchannel. SEM was again performed to examine the location of cell lysis. No disinfection was observed when the plasma treatment was performed with electrodes transverse to the microchannel. Deactivation was observed when plasma treatment was performed in-line with the microchannel. This line-of-sight deactivation result is further evidence that bombarding species were the cause of deactivation. These experiments have shown the effectiveness and geometric dependence of plasma deactivation of oral bacteria.
Download or read book Coatings for Improved Corrosion Resistance written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Several coating approaches are being developed to resist attack in coal-fired environments and thereby minimize corrosion of underlying substrate alloys and extend the time for onset of breakaway corrosion. In general, coating systems can be classified as either diffusion or overlay type, which are distinguished principally by the method of deposition and the structure of the resultant coating-substrate bond. The coating techniques examined are pack cementation, electrospark deposition, physical and chemical vapor deposition, plasma spray, and ion implantation. In addition, ceramic coatings are used in some applications.
Download or read book Mechanical and Protective Properties of Rf Deposited Plasma Polymers written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma, the fourth state of matter, has been used for engineering applications since the early 1960s. The technology of depositing carbon- based films, popularly known as plasma polymers, is one of the applications of this technology. Plasma polymerization is an environment-friendly technology owing to its dry nature and therefore is becoming a topic of increasing interest both in the academic as well as industrial communities. Plasma polymer films have been used for surface modification of semiconductors in the electronics industry, as adhesion enhancers for metals in the automotive as well as the biomaterial industry as well as for films for gas sensing applications. However, plasma polymers have not been studied in depth for their ability to mechanically enhance the substrate as well as to protect different types of substrates. In this work, which has been segregated into three parts, plasma polymers of different monomers have been deposited on different substrates like flat porous silica and particulate matter like nanoparticles and pigments. In the first part, the films have been characterized at different deposition conditions and the mechanical properties like hardness and scratch resistance have been studied. The second part focuses on the corrosion resistance that these plasma polymers offer to the particles. In the third part, the surface modified pigments have been incorporated in novel organic coatings to study how these surface-modified pigments enhance the protective property of these coatings.
Download or read book Surface Modification of Biomaterials written by Rachel Williams and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2010-11-25 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The surface modification of biomaterials plays a significant role in determining the outcome of biological-material interactions. With the appropriate modification a material's surface can be tailored to improve biocompatibility, adhesion and cell interactions. Consequently surface modification is vital in the development and design of new biomaterials and medical devices. Surface modification of biomaterials reviews both established surface modifications and those still in the early stages of research and discusses how they can be used to optimise biological interactions and enhance clinical performance.Part one begins with chapters looking at various types and techniques of surface modification including plasma polymerisation, covalent binding of poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG), heparinisation, peptide functionalisation and calcium phosphate deposition before going on to examine metal surface oxidation and biomaterial surface topography to control cellular response with particular reference to technologies, cell behaviour and biomedical applications. Part two studies the analytical techniques and applications of surface modification with chapters on analysing biomaterial surface chemistry, surface structure, morphology and topography before moving onto discuss modifying biomaterial surfaces to optimise interactions with blood, control infection, optimise interactions with soft tissues, repair and regenerate nerve cells, control stem cell growth and differentiation and to optimise interactions with bone.The distinguished editor and international team of contributors to Surface modification of biomaterials have produced a unique overview and detailed chapters on a range of surface modification techniques which will provide an excellent resource for biomaterials researchers and scientists and engineers concerned with improving the properties of biomaterials. It will also be beneficial for academics researching surface modification. - Reviews both established surface modifications and those still in the early stages of research and how they can be used to optimise biological interactions and enhance clinical performance - Studies analytical techniques and applications of surface modification with chapters assessing biomaterial surface chemistry, surface structure, morphology and topography - Discusses modifying biomaterial surfaces to optimise interactions with blood and soft tissues and also to repair and regenerate nerve cells and control infection
Download or read book Functionalized Polymers written by Narendra Pal Singh Chauhan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-05-14 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Functionalized polymers are macromolecules to which chemically bound functional groups are attached which can be used as catalysts, reagents, protective groups, etc. Functionalized polymers have low cost, ease of processing and attractive features for functional organic molecules. Chemical reactions for the introduction of functional groups in polymers and the conversion of functional groups in polymers depend on different properties. Such properties are of great importance for functionalization reactions for possible applications of reactive polymers. This book deals with the synthesis and design of various functional polymers, the modification of preformed polymer backbones and their various applications.
Download or read book Functional Coatings for Biomedical Energy and Environmental Applications written by Raj K. Arya and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-10-22 with total page 740 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understand functional coatings and their role in three key industries of the future Functional coatings play a huge range of roles in industries from automotive to aerospace to electronic and beyond. They offer protection, performance enhancement, corrosion resistance, self-cleaning properties, and more. Recent developments in the field have allowed for ever more precise optimization of functional coatings, with the result that demand for these key tools is only likely to increase. Functional Coatings for Biomedical, Energy, and Environmental Applications offers a comprehensive overview of these coatings and their applications in three explosively productive industries. A team of expert contributors provides chapters analyzing the latest developments in this growing area of production, with a particular focus on the dynamic relationship between functional coatings and their many applications. The result is an interdisciplinary text which will serve as an essential resource for researchers and industry professionals worldwide. Readers will also find: Analysis of functional coatings for dental implants, pool boilers, solar cells, and many more Detailed discussion of coating properties including superhydrophobicity, self-cleaning, controlled drug release, and more Key contributions to the great environmental challenges of the twenty-first century This book is a must-own for researchers in chemistry, engineering, energy, materials science, and more, as well as for industry professionals working with coating and other aspects of research and development in biomedical, energy, or environmental industries.
