Download or read book Plasma assisted Ignition and Combustion in Pulverised Fuel Burners written by Reyhane Youssefi and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Aeronautics and Astronautics written by Max Mulder and published by IntechOpen. This book was released on 2011-09-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In its first centennial, aerospace has matured from a pioneering activity to an indispensable enabler of our daily life activities. In the next twenty to thirty years, aerospace will face a tremendous challenge - the development of flying objects that do not depend on fossil fuels. The twenty-three chapters in this book capture some of the new technologies and methods that are currently being developed to enable sustainable air transport and space flight. It clearly illustrates the multi-disciplinary character of aerospace engineering, and the fact that the challenges of air transportation and space missions continue to call for the most innovative solutions and daring concepts.

Download or read book Plasma Induced Ignition and Plasma Assisted Combustion in High Speed Flow written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The paper is dedicated to the experimental demonstration of plasma technology abilities in the field of high speed combustion. It is doing in three principal directions: control of the structure and the parameters of the duct driven flows; the ignition of air fuel composition at low mean gas temperature; and the mixing intensification inflow.

Download or read book Plasma Assisted Combustion and Flameholding in High Speed Cavity Flows written by Joseph Aloysius Heinrichs and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This thesis presents an experimental study of non-equilibrium, low temperature, large volume plasma assisted ignition and flameholding in high-speed, non-premixed fuel-air flows. The plasma is produced between two electrodes powered by a high-voltage, nanosecond pulse generator operated at a high pulse repetition rate. Ignition in this type of plasma occurs due to production of highly reactive radicals by electron impact excitation and dissociation, as opposed to more common thermal ignition. Previously, it has been shown that this type of plasma can reduce ignition delay time and ignition temperature. The experiments performed in this thesis focus on application of these plasmas to ignition, and flameholding in high-speed cavity flows. The experiments discussed in this thesis continue previous work using a high-speed combustion test section with a larger cavity, and the previous results are compared to the present work. Several modifications have been made to the test section and electrodes compared to the design used in previous work in order to reduce the cavity effect on the main flow and maintain diffuse plasma between the electrodes in the cavity. The electrodes used in these experiments are placed in a cavity recess, used to create a recirculation flow region with long residence time, where ignition and flameholding can occur. In order to analyze the nanosecond pulse plasma and the flame, various diagnostics were used, including current and voltage measurements, UV emission measurements, ICCD camera imaging, static pressure measurements, and time-averaged emission spectroscopy. The experiments in this thesis were performed at relatively low pressures (P=150-200 torr) using hydrogen and ethylene fuels injected into the cavity. Current and voltage measurements showed that ~1-2 mJ was coupled to the plasma by each pulse. ICCD imaging and UV emission data revealed that the plasma sustained in quiescent air was diffuse. When ethylene was injected into the cavity to ignite the flow, ICCD imaging and UV emission data showed arcing to bare metal surfaces in the test section occurred shortly after ignition, which prompted switching to hydrogen fuel. Using hydrogen, ICCD imaging and UV emission showed that the plasma remained diffuse and confined to the area between electrodes. Time-average emission spectroscopy measurements revealed that the air-flow temperature remained low until fuel was injected and ignition occurred. Pressure and UV emission measurements were used to find velocity limits within which the flow ignited. It was found that the upper limit of velocity depends strongly on the static pressure in the test section. The highest flow velocity at which combustion was achieved in H2-air flows was 270 m/s at 180 torr. This represents considerable improvement compared to previous work using nanosecond pulse discharge for ignition in cavities. Preliminary results show that plasma generation and ignition are possible using a smaller diameter electrode such that the cavity size can be further reduced, and that a supersonic flow can be produced in the present test section using a Mach 2 nozzle placed upstream of the cavity. The appendix details a study on the production of oxygen atoms using a pulsed excimer laser.

Download or read book Plasma Assisted Combustion Gasification and Pollution Control written by Igor Matveev and published by . This book was released on 2015-12-14 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This two-volume book is one of the first projects of the newly established International Plasma Technology Center (IPTC) and is the first attempt to collect the most valuable contributions to the relatively new field of science named Plasma Assisted Combustion (PAC) from different research groups all over the globe. It provides in Volume 1 a description of different plasma sources especially designed for PAC and, in Volume 2, describes plasma assisted ignition, combustion, and gasification processes that are under development or used industrially. If successful, we plan to publish new editions every three to five years, depending on progress in this field. This book is intended to be used as a textbook at the senior or first-year graduate level by students from all engineering and physical science disciplines, by PhD students, and as a reference source by in-service engineers and other researchers. Basic information on plasma physics and accompanying physical processes important in PAC are contained in Volume 1. Devices, technologies, current state, and future works are covered in Volume 2.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology Two Volume Set written by J. Leon Shohet and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-12 with total page 1654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Technical plasmas have a wide range of industrial applications. The Encyclopedia of Plasma Technology covers all aspects of plasma technology from the fundamentals to a range of applications across a large number of industries and disciplines. Topics covered include nanotechnology, solar cell technology, biomedical and clinical applications, electronic materials, sustainability, and clean technologies. The book bridges materials science, industrial chemistry, physics, and engineering, making it a must have for researchers in industry and academia, as well as those working on application-oriented plasma technologies. Also Available Online This Taylor & Francis encyclopedia is also available through online subscription, offering a variety of extra benefits for researchers, students, and librarians, including: Citation tracking and alerts Active reference linking Saved searches and marked lists HTML and PDF format options Contact Taylor and Francis for more information or to inquire about subscription options and print/online combination packages. US: (Tel) 1.888.318.2367; (E-mail) [email protected] International: (Tel) +44 (0) 20 7017 6062; (E-mail) [email protected]

Download or read book Plasma Assisted Combustion Gasification and Pollution Control written by Igor Matveev and published by . This book was released on 2013-06 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a description of different plasma sources especially designed for Plasma Assisted Combustion.

Download or read book Plasma Assisted Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report results from a contract tasking Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology as follows: The contractor will investigate the use of high voltage, nano-second plasma discharges to ignite and efficiently combust fuel/air mixtures in high speed flows. This strongly nonequilibrium low-temperature plasma has a high mean energy of electrons and will provide a source of reactive atoms, radicals, and excited molecules which has been shown to enhance ignition and combustion. The short duration of the pulses results in relatively low power requirements for generating the discharge. The goal is to demonstrate and understand the physics of energy exchange, ignition and combustion . Also, the use of this type of plasma for aerodynamic flow control will be investigated. Finally, applicability to use this type of discharge to directly initiate a detonation wave will be investigated.

Download or read book Toward Plasma Assisted Ignition in Scramjets written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Air Force plasma ignition program is assessing the prospect of main-fuel ignition with plasma generating devices in a supersonic flow. As the study progresses baseline conditions of operation are being established such as the required operational time of the device to initiate a combustion shock train. The two plasma torches currently under investigation consist of a DC constricted-arc design from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and an AC unconstricted-arc design based on a modified spark-plug from Polytechnic University. The plasma torches are realistic in size and operate within current power constraints while differing substantially in orifice geometry. In order to compare the potential of each concept the flow physics of each part of the igniter/fuel-injector/combustor system are being studied. In each step of the program, we utilize CFD and experiments to help define and advance the ignition process. To understand the constraints involved with ignition process of a hydrocarbon fuel jet an experimental effort to study gaseous and liquid hydrocarbons is underway, involving the testing of ethylene and JP-7 fuels with nitrogen and air plasmas. Results from the individual igniter studies have shown the plasma igniters to produce hot pockets of highly excited gas with peak temperatures up to (and in some cases above) 5000 K at only 2-kW total input power. In addition ethylene and JP-7 flames with a significant level of OH as determined by OH PLIF were also produced in a Mach-2 supersonic flow with a total temperature and pressure of 590 K and 5.4 atm respectively.

Download or read book Plasma assisted Combustion written by Timothy M. Ombrello and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Progress in Exergy Energy and the Environment written by Ibrahim Dincer and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-06-17 with total page 1055 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thorough and highly relevant volume examines exergy, energy and the environment in the context of energy systems and applications and as a potential tool for design, analysis, optimization. It further considers their role in minimizing and/or eliminating environmental impacts and providing for sustainable development. In this regard, several key topics ranging from the basics of the thermodynamic concepts to advanced exergy analysis techniques in a wide range of applications are covered.

Download or read book Model and Igniter Development for Plasma Assisted Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent progress on the authors' efforts to develop a detailed kinetic mechanism for C(sub 8)H(sub m) hydrocarbons and practical plasma igniters for plasma-assisted combustion are discussed. Shock tube validation experiments made in argon using a fixed stoichiometry (PHI = 1.0), pressures of approximately 0.95 and 1.05 atm, and temperatures ranging from 850 to 1200 K (post-reflected shock) are presented. The mechanism is being expanded to include electron kinetics and to allow for a degree of nonequilibrium modeled with separate electron and gas temperatures. Quantum calculations used to derive needed electron impact ionization/dissociation cross-sections for hydrocarbons are discussed. In addition, ignition of ethylene fuel in a Mach 2 supersonic flow with a total temperature of 590 K and pressure of 5.4 atm is demonstrated using a low frequency discharge with peak and average powers reaching 8 kW and 2.8 kW, respectively. (7 figures, 28 refs.).

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Plasma assisted Combustion of Heavy Hydrocarbons Using Gliding Rotating Arc written by Jun Hee Han and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rotating/Gliding arc gas discharge is known as a suitable application for plasma aided combustion (PAC). In this study, effects of rotating arc discharge on combustion of diesel and biodiesel fuel are investigated. The main focus of the experiment is to determine the effectiveness of rotating-arc in enhancing combustion performance. The first stage of the burner is designed for the fuel-air mixture to interact with the rotating arc at fuel-rich condition. The second stage of the burner is the main combustion section to make the mixture at overall fuel-lean condition and properly hold the flame inside the combustion chamber. As a result, lean flammability limit determined by equivalence ratio at lean blowout is found to be extended quite a bit when the arc is on. FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy) measurements of exhaust gas show that both CO and CO2 concentration become higher and O2 concentration lower for overall fuel-lean combustion with plasma on. Based on the results of level of total carbon oxidation, combustion efficiency is slightly higher with plasma than without plasma. Slightly more NO is produced when the arc is at present for a fixed equivalence ratio. However, with the extension of lean flammability condition achieved by plasma-assisted combustion the minimum NO is produced for PAC case. The increase of reactant temperature due to direct heat transfer from the arc to the surrounding and partial oxidation (exothermal) can mainly account for the observed enhancement of combustion for the PAC.

Download or read book External and Internal Plasma Assisted Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plasma-assisted combustion (PAC) in. subsonic airflow and supersonic airflow was studied in our previous works. Present work is devoted to continuation of plasma assisted combustion study. Four main tasks are considered in this work, namely: * Advanced plasma assisted fuel airfiow mixing, * External and internal plasma assisted combustion in cold airflow and hot airflow, * Electric discharge and plasma parameters in PAC region, * Fuel combustion completeness in airflow.

Download or read book Comprehensive Energy Systems written by Ibrahim Dincer and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-02-07 with total page 5543 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Comprehensive Energy Systems, Seven Volume Set provides a unified source of information covering the entire spectrum of energy, one of the most significant issues humanity has to face. This comprehensive book describes traditional and novel energy systems, from single generation to multi-generation, also covering theory and applications. In addition, it also presents high-level coverage on energy policies, strategies, environmental impacts and sustainable development. No other published work covers such breadth of topics in similar depth. High-level sections include Energy Fundamentals, Energy Materials, Energy Production, Energy Conversion, and Energy Management. Offers the most comprehensive resource available on the topic of energy systems Presents an authoritative resource authored and edited by leading experts in the field Consolidates information currently scattered in publications from different research fields (engineering as well as physics, chemistry, environmental sciences and economics), thus ensuring a common standard and language

Download or read book Energy Efficient Transient Plasma Ignition and Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transient plasma discharges utilizing short (30 to 100 nsec), spatially distributed streamers energized by pulsed power were investigated as a potential new method for flame ignition. Experimental results showed shorter ignition delay and pressure rise time (typically by a factor of 3 for methane-air mixtures), as well as higher maximum pressure compared to conventional spark ignition. In all cases significant modification of initial combustion chemistry appeared to be occurring, leading to more effective combustion over a wider range of pressures and fuel composition rates.

Download or read book An Overview of Plasma assisted Combustion written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: