Download or read book Plant Response to Gold Nanoparticles written by Azamal Husen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2024-11-21 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, overall plant and soil system are examined exclusively in terms of gold nanoparticles (Au-NPs) exposure. Au-NPs influence plant growth and yield performance. They also affect plant and soil system interactions. Au-NPs responses are primarily depends on the concentration, plant species or cultivars, exposure time, shape and size of NPs. Investigation have shown that the lower concentrations of Au-NPs increase seed germination, beneficial biochemical components, rate of photosynthesis, and overall growth, however, at higher concentrations, all these responses are declined in different plant species. At higher concentration, Au-NPs induce stress in plant, create phytotoxicity and produce reactive oxygen species which leads to the disruption of cellular metabolism. Further, at higher concentration, Au-NPs hampered the physico-chemical process of plant and soil system. Moreover, the molecular and physiological performance showed that the exposure of Au-NPs resulted in oxidative stress and induced antioxidative and defense responses. The energy production related to metabolic pathways were also influenced by Au-NPs exposure. Au-NPs exposure accelerated the number of chromosomal aberrations, micronuclei, and decreased the mitotic index in plant root tip cells. Proteomic study has shown that the exposure Au-NPs resulted in an accumulation of protein precursors, indicative of the dissipation of a proton motive force. Au ions were noticed in roots and shoots, while Au-NPs were absorbed only in the plant root tissues. Au-NPs exposure also influence flowering process and seed germination. Beside the terrestrial plants, these particles have also influenced the growth of some wetland and aquatic plants. It was also noticed that the addition of Au-NPs into the culture medium had also influence the in vitro development and multiplication of plants. Studies have begun to examine how arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi might affect the uptake of specific nanoparticles include Au and how these particles might influence the plant-mycorrhizal relationships. The impact of Au-NPs on the size and structure of microbial communities in soil; and soil enzymatic activities for β-glucosidase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, and dehydrogenase has been examined. In the present book, environmental safety, and ethical issues related to use of Au-NPs in plant and soil system has been also explored. Overall, this book is provide an up to date, most important and selected information associated with the plant response to Au-NPs. This book will be a good resource for upper-level students, faculty, scientists, and researchers working specially on plant biology, plant nanobiotechnology, plant biochemistry, plant microbiology, agricultural and other allied subjects and or science.

Download or read book Nanomaterials and Nanocomposites Exposures to Plants written by Azamal Husen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book looks at the interaction between plants and nanomaterials/nanocomposites, and their effects ecology, the food chain and human health. It focuses on nanomaterials/nanocomposites phytotoxicity, which is an important precondition to promote the application of nanotechnology and to avoid the potential ecological risks. It describes the influencing factors of nanotoxicity of nanomaterials and the mechanisms of these toxic effects and defense mechanisms in plants. The chapters in this book are written by internationally renowned researchers and professionals and provides exciting and remarkable information (on the above-mentioned topics) to the scientist, researcher and student working field of plant biology, agricultural science, nanobiotechnology, plant biochemistry, plant physiology, plant biotechnology and many other interdisciplinary subjects.

Download or read book Nanoscience and Plant Soil Systems written by Mansour Ghorbanpour and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-14 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides in-depth reviews of the effects of nanoparticles on the soil environment, their interactions with plants and also their potential applications as nanofertilizers and pesticides. It offers insights into the current trends and future prospects of nanotechnology, including the benefits and risks and the impact on agriculture and soil ecosystems. Individual chapters explore topics such as nanoparticle biosynthesis, engineered nanomaterials, the use of nanoclays for remediation of polluted sites, nanomaterials in water desalination, their effect on seed germination, plant growth, and nutrient transformations in soil, as well as the use of earthworms as bioremediating agents for nanoparticles. It is a valuable resource for researchers in academia and industry working in the field of agriculture, crop protection, plant sciences, applied microbiology, soil biology and environmental sciences.

Download or read book Nanomaterials and Plant Potential written by Azamal Husen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 605 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses the latest developments in plant-mediated fabrication of metal and metal-oxide nanoparticles, and their characterization by using a variety of modern techniques. It explores in detail the application of nanoparticles in drug delivery, cancer treatment, catalysis, and as antimicrobial agent, antioxidant and the promoter of plant production and protection. Application of these nanoparticles in plant systems has started only recently and information is still scanty about their possible effects on plant growth and development. Accumulation and translocation of nanoparticles in plants, and the consequent growth response and stress modulation are not well understood. Plants exposed to these particles exhibit both positive and negative effects, depending on the concentration, size, and shape of the nanoparticles. The impact on plant growth and yield is often positive at lower concentrations and negative at higher ones. Exposure to some nanoparticles may improve the free-radical scavenging potential and antioxidant enzymatic activities in plants and alter the micro-RNAs expression that regulate the different morphological, physiological and metabolic processes in plant system, leading to improved plant growth and yields. The nanoparticles also carry out genetic reforms by efficient transfer of DNA or complete plastid genome into the respective plant genome due to their miniscule size and improved site-specific penetration. Moreover, controlled application of nanomaterials in the form of nanofertilizer offers a more synchronized nutrient fluidity with the uptake by the plant exposed, ensuring an increased nutrient availability. This book addresses these issues and many more. It covers fabrication of different/specific nanomaterials and their wide-range application in agriculture sector, encompassing the controlled release of nutrients, nutrient-use efficiency, genetic exchange, production of secondary metabolites, defense mechanisms, and the growth and productivity of plants exposed to different manufactured nanomaterials. The role of nanofertilizers and nano-biosensors for improving plant production and protection and the possible toxicities caused by certain nanomaterials, the aspects that are little explored by now, have also been generously elucidated.

Download or read book Plant Mitochondria written by Nicolas L. Taylor and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-02-19 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Plant Mitochondria" that was published in IJMS

Download or read book Nanotechnology and Plant Sciences written by Manzer H. Siddiqui and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-01-27 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a holistic view of the complex and dynamic responses of plants to nanoparticles, the signal transduction mechanisms involved, and the regulation of gene expression. Further, it addresses the phytosynthesis of nanoparticles, the role of nanoparticles in the antioxidant systems of plants and agriculture, the beneficial and harmful effects of nanoparticles on plants, and the application of nanoparticles and nanotubes to mass spectrometry, aiming ultimately at an analysis of the metabolomics of plants. The growing numbers of inventions in the field of nanotechnology are producing novel applications in the fields of biotechnology and agriculture. Nanoparticles have received much attention because of the unique physico-chemical properties of these compounds. In the life sciences, nanoparticles are used as “smart” delivery systems, prompting the Nobel Prize winner P. Ehrlich to refer to these compounds as “magic bullets.” Nanoparticles also play an important role in agriculture as compound fertilizers and nano-pesticides, acting as chemical delivery agents that target molecules to specific cellular organelles in plants. The influence of nanoparticles on plant growth and development, however, remains to be investigated. Lastly, this book reveals the research gaps that must be bridged in the years to come in order to achieve larger goals concerning the applications of nanotechnology in the plants sciences. In the 21st century, nanotechnology has become a rapidly emerging branch of science. In the world of physical sciences, nanotechnological tools have been exploited for a broad range of applications. In recent years, nanoparticles have also proven useful in several branches of the life sciences. In particular, nanotechnology has been employed in drug delivery and related applications in medicine.

Download or read book Plant Responses to Nanomaterials written by Vijay Pratap Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-04-01 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The population of the world continues to increase at an alarming rate. The trouble linked with overpopulation ranges from food and water scarcity to inadequacy of space for organisms. Overpopulation is also linked with several other demographic hazards, for instance, population blooming will not only result in exhaustion of natural repositories, but it will also induce intense pressure on the world economy. Today nanotechnology is often discussed as a key discipline of research but it has positive and negative aspects. Also, due to industrialization and ever-increasing population, nano-pollution has been an emerging topic among scientists for investigation and debate. Nanotechnology measures any substance on a macromolecular scale, molecular scale, and even atomic scale. More importantly, nanotechnology deals with the manipulation and control of any matter at the dimension of a single nanometer. Nanotechnology and nanoparticles (NPs) play important roles in sustainable development and environmental challenges as well. NPs possess both harmful and beneficial effects on the environment and its harboring components, such as microbes, plants, and humans. There are many beneficial impacts exerted by nanoparticles, however, including their role in the management of waste water and soil treatment, cosmetics, food packaging, agriculture, biomedicines, pharmaceuticals, renewable energies, and environmental remedies. Conversely, NPs also show some toxic effects on microbes, plants, as well as human beings. It has been reported that use of nanotechnological products leads to the more accumulation of NPs in soil and aquatic ecosystems, which may be detrimental for living organisms. Further, toxic effects of NPs on microbes, invertebrates, and aquatic organisms including algae, has been measured. Scientists have also reported on the negative impact of NPs on plants by discussing the delivery of NPs in plants. Additionally, scientists have also showed that NPs interact with plant cells, which results in alterations in growth, biological function, gene expression, and development. Thus, there has been much investigated and reported on NPs and plant interactions in the last decade. This book discusses the most recent work on NPs and plant interaction, which should be useful for scientists working in nanotechnology across a wide variety of disciplines.

Download or read book Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection written by Avinash P. Ingle and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-08-16 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the role of nanotechnology in promoting plant growth and protection through the management of microbial pathogens In Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection, distinguished researcher and author Dr. Avinash P. Ingle delivers a rigorous and insightful collection of some of the latest developments in nanotechnology particularly related to plant growth promotion and protection. The book focuses broadly on the role played by nanotechnology in growth promotion of plants and their protection through the management of different microbial pathogens. You’ll learn about a wide variety of topics, including the role of nanomaterials in sustainable agriculture, how nano-fertilizers behave as soil feed, and the dual role of nanoparticles in plant growth promotion and phytopathogen management. You’ll also discover why nanotechnology has the potential to revolutionize the current agricultural landscape through the development of nano-based products, like plant growth promoters, nano-fertilizers, nano-pesticides, and nano-insecticides. Find out why nano-based products promise to be a cost-effective, economically viable, and eco-friendly approach to tackling some of the most intractable problems in agriculture today. You’ll also benefit from the inclusion of: A thorough introduction to the prospects and impacts of using nanotechnology to promote the growth of plants and control plant diseases An exploration of the effects of titanium dioxide nanomaterials on plant growth and the emerging applications of zinc-based nanoparticles in plant growth promotion Practical discussions of nano-fertilizer in enhancing the production potentials of crops and the potential applications of nanotechnology in plant nutrition and protection for sustainable agriculture A concise treatment of nanotechnology in seed science and soil feed Toxicological concerns of nanomaterials used in agriculture Perfect for undergraduate, graduate, and research students of nanotechnology, agriculture, plant science, plant physiology, and crops, Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection will also earn a place in the libraries of professors and researchers in these areas, as well as regulators and policymakers.

Download or read book Molecular Impacts of Nanoparticles on Plants and Algae written by Huseyin Tombuloglu and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2024-03-26 with total page 491 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Impacts of Nanoparticles on Plants and Algae covers molecular mechanisms of plants/algae related to cellular uptake and translocation of nanoparticles, and genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome responses against it. The book introduces readers to state-of-the-art developments and trends of nanoparticles and plants/algae including interaction of nanoparticles with biological compounds in vitro. Nanoscience and nanotechnology have rapidly been developed in the last few decades, and they have a wide range of applications in industry, medicine, food, and agriculture. In agriculture, nanoparticles (NPs) have successfully been used for growth regulation, crop protection and improvement. They are also employed to cope with plant nutrient deficiencies. A predicted significant increase in the output of NPs will cause the discharge of a remarkable number of NPs to ecosystems, creating a need to understand how to optimize or mitigate their impact depending on their potential impact. These include serious health concerns for living organisms in aquatic, terrestrial, and atmospheric environments as well as human health through their potential existence in plant-based foods. The impact of NPs on living organisms including plants and algae, and uptake, translocation and molecular response mechanisms should be carefully considered before producing and using nanoparticles in large amounts as NPs, when entered to the body, induce changes in gene expressions related to the photosystem, water transport, cell wall formation, and cell division. Further recent studies have showed that NPs are potential agents or stressors to alter proteome, transcriptome, genome and metabolome responses. Impacts of nanoparticles on molecular mechanisms of plants and algae presents the most recent findings on nanoparticle and plant/algae interaction by focusing to molecular response mechanisms at genome, transcriptome, proteome and metabolome levels. In addition, uptake and translocation mechanism of nanoparticles will be assessed both in plant and algae Throughout this book, the latest developments and discoveries will be highlighted as well as open problems and future challenges in molecular mechanisms of plants/algae as a response of nanoparticles. Presents genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome responses in plants/algae, along with cellular uptake and translocation mechanisms Illustrates nano-particle-plant/algae interactions Covers both simple and higher organisms, addressing both algae and plant

Download or read book Gold Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications written by Lev Dykman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book discusses fabrication of functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs) and multifunctional nanocomposites, their optical properties, and applications in biological studies. This is the very first book of its kind to comprehensively discuss published data on in vitro and in vivo biodistribution, toxicity, and uptake of GNP by mammalian cells providing a systematization of data over the GNP types and parameters, their surface functionalization, animal and cell models. As distinct from other related books, Gold Nanoparticles in Biomedical Applications discusses the immunological properties of GNPs and summarizes their applications as an antigen carrier and adjuvant in immunization for the preparation of antibodies in vivo. Although the potential of GNPs in nanobiotechnology has been recognized for the past decade, new insights into the unique properties of multifunctional nanostructures have recently emerged. With these developments in mind, this book unites ground breaking experimental data with a discussion of hybrid nanoparticle systems that combine different nanomaterials to create multifunctional structures. These novel hybrids constitute the material basis of theranostics, bringing together the advanced properties of functionalized GNPs and composites into a single multifunctional nanostructure with simultaneous diagnostic and therapeutic functions. Such nanohybrids can be physically and chemically tailored for a particular organ, disease, and patient thus making personalized medicine available.

Download or read book Gold Nanoparticles for Physics Chemistry and Biology written by Catherine Louis and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fascination with gold is a story which spans millennia, however scientists have recently found a new interest for gold when it is divided into miniscule grains, such as gold nanoparticles. This scientific enthusiasm started in various fields of science in the middle of the 1980s and the present book offers a panorama of the major scientific achievements obtained with gold nanoparticles.Various topics are reviewed such as: gold nanoparticle preparation methods, their plasmon resonance and thermo-optical properties, their catalytic properties, their use in biology and medicine as well as their possible toxicity and, finally, their future technological applications. The book also contains an in-depth study of the use of gold nanoparticles throughout the ages, starting from times where the concept of nanoparticles was beyond the realm of human imagination. All these topics are presented by world-class scientists within a set of self-contained chapters.This book may be used as an advanced textbook by graduate students and scientists who need an introduction to gold nanoparticles. It is also suitable for experts in the related areas of chemistry, biology, material science, optics and physics, who are interested in broadening their knowledge and who wish to have an overview of the subject. Each chapter gradually leads the reader from the basics of a topic towards some of the current scientific challenges in the area. The necessary background material to achieve a solid understanding of each topic and the scientific literature to go further in the field is provided.

Download or read book Toxicity of Nanoparticles in Plants written by Vishnu D. Rajput and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2022-04-22 with total page 438 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Toxicity of Nanoparticles in Plants: An Evaluation of Cyto/Morpho-physiological, Biochemical and Molecular Responses, Volume Five in the Nanomaterial-Plant Interactions series, reviews the latest research on toxicological effects of using nanotechnology in plants. Key themes include analyzing plant exposure to nanomaterials, mechanisms of toxicity of nanoparticles to plants, and effects, uptake and translocation of various different nanoparticles. This will be an essential read for any scientist or researcher looking to assess and understand the potential toxicological risks associated with plant nanotechnology. To date, nanotechnology is considered one of the most promising areas of research due to the widespread applications of nanomaterials in plant science and agriculture. However, extensive use of nano-based products raises concerns regarding their toxicity in crop plants, their environmental impact and potential consequences to humans via the food chain. Discusses environmental concerns raised by the extensive use of nanotechnology Highlights the impact of plants treated with nanoparticles on nutritional status Reviews major challenges for assessing the toxicity of nanomaterials in plants

Download or read book Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine written by Mikhail Soloviev and published by Methods in Molecular Biology. This book was released on 2012-07-13 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The modern fascination with micro- and nano-sized materials can actually be traced back further to the 1960s and ‘70s when the first few reported attempts were made to use nanoparticles for controlled drug delivery. In Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine: Methods and Protocols, experts in the field present a wide range of methods for synthesis, surface modification, characterization, and application of nano-sized materials (nanoparticles) in life science and medical fields, mostly for drug delivery. The methods presented cover all stages of nanoparticle manufacturing, modification, analysis, and applications. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and cutting-edge, Nanoparticles in Biology and Medicine: Methods and Protocols will help the beginner become familiar with this fascinating field and will provide scientists at all levels of expertise with easy-to-follow practical advice needed to make, modify, and analyze nanoparticles of their choice and to use them in a wide range of biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, including functional protein studies, drug delivery, immunochemistry, imaging, and many others.

Download or read book Risk Assessment of Gold Nanoparticles in a Stable Arabidopsis Exposition System written by Eleonora Ferrari and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineered nanomaterials (ENMs), due to their unique chemical and physical properties, are widely used in a variety of medical, industrial and agricultural applications. The global economic success of man-made nanosized composites has led to higher production and disposal rates and a diversification of emission sources into the environment. In particular, the peculiar electronic and optical characteristics of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been extensively explored and exploited in recently developed agronomic techniques, leading to the direct exposure of terrestrial environments to these nanometric materials. However, despite recent advancements in nanotoxicological research, little is still known about the effects of nanoparticles on plants and their mechanisms of action. For these reasons, novel nanosafety approaches to assess the environmental impact of ENMs are required. The aim of this work was the establishment of stable and reproducible NP-plant exposure systems to study the physiological and molecular plant responses to AuNPs after short- and long-term exposure. Initial and overtime physicochemical characterizations of the colloidal gold solutions were carried out to ensure the monodispersity and stability of the particles. Exposure of Arabidopsis thaliana plants to moderate concentrations of AuNPs (10 mg/L) resulted to positively influence the growth of the seedlings, exhibiting longer primary roots, more numerous and longer lateral roots and increased rosette diameter. Also, after treatment, the plants showed reduced oxidative stress responses elicited by the immune-stimulatory PAMP flg22. Transcriptomics and proteomics studies showed downregulation of stress and immune-responses and upregulation of growth promoting genes, supporting the scenario that the trade-off between growth and immune/stress responses is shifted to the growth side after AuNP exposure. These omics datasets after AuNP exposure can be exploited in future works to study the underlying molecular mechanisms of AuNP-induced growth promotion.

Download or read book Element Recovery and Sustainability written by Andrew Hunt and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2013-07-18 with total page 287 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increased consumption of electronic equipment has brought with it a greater demand for rare earth elements and metals. Adding to this is the growth in low carbon technologies such as hybrid fuel vehicles. It is predicted that the global supply of rare earth elements could soon be exhausted. A sustainable approach to the use and recovery of rare earth elements is needed, and this book addresses the political, economic and research agendas concerning them. The problem is discussed thoroughly and a multi-disciplinary team of authors from the chemistry, engineering and biotechnology sectors presents a range of solutions, from traditional metallurgical methods to innovations in biotechnology. Case studies add value to the theory presented, and indirect targets for recovery, such as municipal waste and combustion ash are considered. This book will be essential reading for researchers in academia and industry tackling sustainable element recovery, as well as postgraduate students in chemistry, engineering and biotechnology. Environmental scientists and policy makers will also benefit from reading about potential benefits of recovery from waste streams.

Download or read book Metal Nanoparticles in Pharma written by Mahendra Rai, Ph.D and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 498 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely dedicated to the biomedical applications of metal nanoparticles, this book covers the different toxicity problems found in healthcare situations and also provides comprehensive info on the use of metal nanoparticles in treating various diseases. Metal Nanoparticles in Pharma is the first edited volume to set up the discussion for a clinical setting and to target a pharmaceutical audience of academic and industry-based researchers.

Download or read book Metallotherapeutic Drugs and Metal Based Diagnostic Agents written by Marcel Gielen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-09-01 with total page 638 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are an astonishing number and variety of roles that metals play in contemporary medicine. This book contains information on the medicinal uses of inorganics, that is, of elements such as boron, lithium, selenium, to name a few, as well as metal-containing species. In keeping with the notion that healthy mammals rely on (bio-essential) metals for the normal functioning of approximately a third of their proteins and enzymes, a large number of drugs are metal-based and considerable effort is being devoted to developing both second- and third-generation drugs as well as generating novel metal-based drugs. While there is no doubt that there is an emphasis on 'Metallotherapeutics' throughout the volume, the use of metals in medicine is not restricted to metal-based drugs. The following are also covered: non-invasive radiopharmaceuticals Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) mineral supplements From the foregoing and, more importantly, from the contents of the various Chapters, the reader will gain an appreciation of the very real role metal-based drugs play in modern medicine and of the considerable effort being devoted to the development of novel complexes with greater efficacy as therapeutic and diagnostic agents.