Download or read book Plant Microbe Insect Interactions in Ecosystem Management and Agricultural Praxis written by Gero Benckiser and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2019-04-03 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nature’s high biomass productivity is based on biological N2 fixation (BNF) and biodiversity (Benckiser, 1997; Benckiser and Schnell, 2007). Although N2 makes up almost 80% of the atmosphere’s volume living organisms need it in only small quantities, presumably due to the paucity of natural ways of transforming this recalcitrant dinitrogen into reactive compounds. N shortage is commonly the most important limiting factor in crop production. The synthesis of ammonium from nitrogen and hydrogen, the Haber–Bosch (H-B) process, invented more than 100 years ago, became the holy grail of synthetic inorganic chemistry and removed the most ubiquitous limit on crop yields. H-B opened the way for the development and adoption of high-yielding cultivars, for monoculturing by organic and precision farming. With N over fertilization and pesticide application monoculturing farmers could approach Nature’s high biomass productivity by causing side effects the scientific world is investigating. This eBook presents the complexity the scientific world is facing in in understanding the soil-microbe-plant-animal cooperation, the millions of taxonomically, phylogenetically, and metabolically diverse above-below-ground species, involved in shaping the ever-changing biogeochemical process patterns being of great significance for food production networks and yield stability. Because ecosystem management and agricultural praxis are still largely conducted in isolation, the aim of this Frontiers’ eBook is to gather and interconnect plant-microbe-insect interaction research of various disciplines, studied with a broad spectrum of modern physical-chemical, biochemical, and molecular biological, agronomical techniques. The goal of this Research Topic was to gain a better understanding of microbe-plant-insect compositions, functioning, interactions, health, fitness, and productivity.
Download or read book Plant microbe insect Interactions written by and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Pest Interactions From Molecular Mechanisms to Chemical Ecology written by Indrakant K. Singh and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-18 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As food producers, plants are constantly under attack by insects. Over the course of evolution, plants have not only developed a sophisticated defense apparatus but have also refined biochemical defense mechanisms to protect themselves, thereby maintaining the ecological balance. Plant-pest interactions induce an elaborate array of reactions involving the release of volatile compounds, effector and signaling molecules, trans-membrane proteins, and a variety of enzymes and hormones. This book offers a comprehensive guide to the strategies that plants employ against insects and other pests to ensure their continued survival. Addressing an important gap in the literature, it shares the latest findings in the field of plant–pest interactions for a broad audience. Providing an overview of the current state of knowledge on plant-pest interactions and their role in the genetic improvement of crops, it offers an essential guide for researchers and professionals in the fields of agriculture, plant pathology, entomology, cell biology, molecular biology and genetics.
Download or read book Effectors in Plant Microbe Interactions written by Francis Martin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-01-03 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants and microbes interact in a complex relationship that can have both harmful and beneficial impacts on both plant and microbial communities. Effectors, secreted microbial molecules that alter plant processes and facilitate colonization, are central to understanding the complicated interplay between plants and microbes. Effectors in Plant-Microbe Interactions unlocks the molecular basis of this important class of microbial molecules and describes their diverse and complex interactions with host plants. Effectors in Plant Microbe Interactions is divided into five sections that take stock of the current knowledge on effectors of plant-associated organisms. Coverage ranges from the impact of bacterial, fungal and oomycete effectors on plant immunity and high-throughput genomic analysis of effectors to the function and trafficking of these microbial molecules. The final section looks at effectors secreted by other eukaryotic microbes that are the focus of current and future research efforts. Written by leading international experts in plant-microbe interactions, Effectors in Plant Microbe Interactions, will be an essential volume for plant biologists, microbiologists, pathologists, and geneticists.
Download or read book Induced plant responses to microbes and insects written by Corné M. J. Pieterse and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-04-14 with total page 358 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are members of complex communities and interact both with antagonists and beneficial organisms. An important question in plant defense-signaling research is how plants integrate signals induced by pathogens, insect herbivores and beneficial microbes into the most appropriate adaptive response. Molecular and genomic tools are now being used to uncover the complexity of the induced defense signaling networks that have evolved during the arms races between plants and the other organisms with which they intimately interact. To understand the functioning of the complex defense signaling network in nature, molecular biologists and ecologists have joined forces to place molecular mechanisms of induced plant defenses in an ecological perspective. In this Research Topic, we aim to provide an on-line, open-access snapshot of the current state of the art of the field of induced plant responses to microbes and insects, with a special focus on the translation of molecular mechanisms to ecology and vice versa.
Download or read book Principles of Plant Microbe Interactions written by Ben Lugtenberg and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-04 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of microbial plant protection products is growing and their importance will strongly increase due to political and public pressure. World population is growing and the amount of food needed by 2050 will be double of what is produced now whereas the area of agricultural land is decreasing. We must increase crop yield in a sustainable way. Chemical plant growth promoters must be replaced by microbiological products. Also here, the use of microbial products is growing and their importance will strongly increase. A growing area of agricultural land is salinated. Global warming will increase this process. Plants growth is inhibited by salt or even made impossible and farmers tend to disuse the most salinated lands. Microbes have been very successfully used to alleviate salt stress of plants. Chemical pollution of land can make plant growth difficult and crops grown are often polluted and not suitable for consumption. Microbes have been used to degrade these chemical pollutants.
Download or read book Plant Microbe Interactions written by B.B. Biswas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen tremendous progress in unraveling the molecular basis of different plant-microbe interactions. Knowledge has accumulated on the mecha nisms of the microbial infection of plants, which can lead to either disease or resistance. The mechanisms developed by plants to interact with microbes, whether viruses, bacteria, or fungi, involve events that can lead to symbiotic association or to disease or tumor formation. Cell death caused by pathogen infection has been of great interest for many years because of its association with plant resistance. There appear to be two types of plant cell death associated with pathogen infection, a rapid hypersensitive cell death localized at the site of infection during an incompatible interaction between a resistant plant and an avirulent pathogen, and a slow, normosensitive plant cell death that spreads beyond the site of infection during some compatible interactions involving a susceptible plant and a virulent, necrogenic pathogen. Plants possess a number of defense mechanisms against infection, such as (i) production of phytoalexin, (ii) formation of hydrolases, (iii) accumulation of hydroxyproline-rich glycoprotein and lignin deposition, (iv) production of pathogen-related proteins, (v) produc tion of oligosaccharides, jasmonic acid, and various other phenolic substances, and (vi) production of toxin-metabolizing enzymes. Based on these observations, insertion of a single suitable gene in a particular plant has yielded promising results in imparting resistance against specific infection or disease. It appears that a signal received after microbe infection triggers different signal transduction pathways.
Download or read book Vectors of Plant Pathogens written by Kerry F. Harris and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2013-10-02 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Vectors of Plant Pathogens is a collection of papers that discusses the interrelationship of plant pathogens with their vectors. This collection deals with the numerous vector groups associated with plant pathogens. One paper describes the biology, feeding behavior and distribution of aphids, leafhoppers, plant hoppers, mealy bugs, whiteflies, psyllids, membracids. Another paper addresses the virus transmission characteristics of the mealy bugs during preliminary fasting or feeding, acquisition access time, post-acquisition fasting or feeding, and the inoculation access time. Other papers also discuss the involvement of insects in transmitting bacterial and fungal pathogens; the authors list unresolved issues such as the role of insects in overwintering of bacterial pathogens or the association of the fungus with a particular vector. One author describes some suspected fungi transmission such as the pea stem necrosis virus, red clover necrotic mosaic virus, and the tomato bushy stunt virus. Another paper examines the fate of plant viruses in mite vectors and convectors particularly the viruses found in wheat, barley, or brome grass. Agriculturists, botanists, and researchers in the field of botany, conservation, and plant genealogy will find this book useful.
Download or read book Insect Plant Biology written by Louis M. Schoonhoven and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2005-12 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Half of all insect species are dependent on living plant tissues, consuming about 10% of plant annual production in natural habitats and an even greater percentage in agricultural systems, despite sophisticated control measures. Plants are generally remarkably well-protected against insect attack, with the result that most insects are highly specialized feeders. The mechanisms underlying plant resistance to invading herbivores on the one side, and insect food specialization on the other, are the main subjects of this book. For insects these include food-plant selection and the complex sensory processes involved, with their implications for learning and nutritional physiology, as well as the endocrinological aspects of life cycle synchronization with host plant phenology. In the case of plants exposed to insect herbivores, they include the activation of defence systems in order to minimize damage, as well as the emission of chemical signals that may attract natural enemies of the invading herbivores and may be exploited by neighbouring plants that mount defences as well." "Insect-Plant Biology discusses the operation of these mechanisms at the molecular and organismal levels, in the context of both ecological interactions and evolutionary relationships. In doing so, it uncovers the highly intricate antagonistic and mutualistic interactions that have evolved between plants and insects. The book concludes with a chapter on the application of our knowledge of insect-plant interactions to agricultural production." "This multidisciplinary approach will appeal to students in agricultural entomology, plant sciences, ecology, and indeed anyone interested in the principles underlying the relationships between the two largest groups of organisms on earth: plants and insects."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Download or read book Molecular Plant Microbe Interactions written by Kamal Bouarab and published by CABI. This book was released on 2009-10-12 with total page 356 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book, divided into 13 chapters, explores recent discoveries in the area of molecular plant-microbe interactions. It focuses mainly on the mechanisms controlling plant disease resistance and the cross talk among the signalling pathways involved, and the strategies used by fungi and viruses to suppress these defences. Two chapters deal with the role of symbionts (such as the symbiotic actinobacteria and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi) during their interactions with plants.
Download or read book Chemical Ecology of Insects written by Jun Tabata and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-01-29 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insects have evolved very unique and interesting tactics using chemical signals to survive. Chemical ecology illustrates the working of the biological network by means of chemical analyses. Recent advances in analytical technology have opened the way to a better understanding of the more complicated and abyssal interactions of insects with other organisms including plants and microbes. This book covers recent research on insects and chemical communications and presents the current status about challenges faced by chemical ecologists for the management of pests in agriculture and human health.
Download or read book Eco evolutionary Shifts in Plant insect microbe Interactions Over Community Succession written by Mia Mei-Oy Howard and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant defenses are typically predicted to increase over ecological succession, paralleling increases in the abundance of herbivores. While this successional escalation of defenses has been widely observed on an interspecific level, little is known about how the defense phenotypes of plant populations change over succession and succession additionally presents a dynamic environment to study the factors that influence herbivore resistance within species. Here I use tall goldenrod, Solidago altissima (Asteraceae), as a model system to examine intraspecific patterns of plant defense over succession. Chapter 1 examines changes in the resistance of S. altissima plants to insect herbivores over a gradient of oldfield succession in a large-scale field experiment and assesses the roles of microevolution and phenotypic plasticity in mediating these shifts in resistance. We find that both genotypic shifts in plant populations and soil environmental changes affect plant herbivore resistance. Chapter 2 reviews how anthropogenic disturbances, such as agriculture, can alter plant-microbe interactions and discusses how advances in methodology, particularly soil microbiome transplant experiments, can be used to assess the impacts of these disturbances on important plant ecological interactions. Chapter 3 applies these methods to characterize changes in S. altissima plants' interactions with soil bacteria and fungi over oldfield succession in the field and assess the potential of these successional microbial shifts to affect plant herbivore resistance. We find that the microbial communities that colonize S. altissima shift over oldfield succession and that experimentally inoculating S. altissima plants with later succession microbiomes confers greater resistance to their main specialist herbivore, Trirhabda virgata, paralleling the patterns of herbivory observed in the field. Chapter 4 explores the potential of this microbe-mediated herbivore resistance that we have observed in S. altissima plants inoculated with late succession soil microbiomes to improve the pest resistance of crop species. We find that while microbiomes from different stages of succession differentially affect both plant growth and resistance, the effects are species-specific. Collectively, these studies indicate that microbiomes can play an influential role in determining the defense phenotypes of their host plants and that these microbiome effects can interact with other factors such as host genotype and species.
Download or read book Plant Microbe Interactions in Agro Ecological Perspectives written by Dhananjaya Pratap Singh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-12-15 with total page 766 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book puts an updated account on functional aspects of multiphasic microbial interactions within and between plants and their ecosystem. Multipronged interaction in the soil microbial communities with the plants constitute a relay of mechanisms that make profound changes in plant and its micro-environment in the rhizopshere at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels. In agro-ecological perspectives, such interactions are known to recycle nutrients and regulate signalling molecules, phytohormones and other small molecules that help plant growth and development. Such aspects are described deeply in this book taking examples from various crop plants and microbial systems. Authors described the most advantageous prospects of plant-microbe interaction in terms of inoculation of beneficial microorganisms (microbial inoculants) with the plants in which microbes proliferate in the root rhizosphere system and benefit plants' with definite functions like fixation of nitrogen, solubilization and mobilization of P, K, Zn and production of phytohormones. The subject of this book and the content presented herein has great relevance to the agro-ecological sustainability of crop plants with the help of microbial interactions. The chapters presented focus on defining and assessing the impact of beneficial microbial interactions on different soils, crops and abiotic conditions. This volume entails about exploiting beneficial microbial interactions to help plants under abiotic conditions, microbe-mediated induced systemic tolerance, role of mycorrhizal interactions in improving plant tolerance against stresses, PGPR as nutrient mobilizers, phytostimulants, antagonists and biocontrol agents, plant interactions with Trichoderma and other bioagents for sustainable intensification in agriculture, cyanobacteria as PGPRs, plant microbiome for crop management and phytoremediation and rhizoremediation using microbial communities. The overall content entrust advanced knowledge and applicability of diversified biotechnological, techno-commercial and agro-ecological aspects of microbial interactions and inoculants as inputs, which upon inoculation with crop plants benefit them in multiple ways.
Download or read book Chemical Ecology of Plant microbe Interactions and Effects on Insect Herbivores written by Jennifer M. Dean and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant microbe Interactions written by Tsune Kosuge and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Insect Plant Interactions in a Crop Protection Perspective written by and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-01-19 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insect-Plant Interactions, the latest edition in the Advances in Botanical Research series, which publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in the plant sciences, features several reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology, and ecology. Publishes in-depth and up-to-date reviews on a wide range of topics in plant sciences Presents the latest information on artificial photosynthesis Features a wide range of reviews by recognized experts on all aspects of plant genetics, biochemistry, cell biology, molecular biology, physiology, and ecology
Download or read book Plant Biotic Interactions written by Ajit Varma and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-28 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights recent advances in the field of plant-biotic interactions and explores current serious issues in the crop production industry. It is intended to attract more attention to these important, but often overlooked areas, and to stimulate new ideas for future research. Plants are constantly under attack by pathogens, pests, and parasites, which can significantly impact worldwide food production and human health. While pathogens and pests attack and interconnect with their hosts in a variety of ways, plants have developed sophisticated immune systems to fight infections. In the field of plant-biotic interactions, most of the studies to date have focused on the function and signaling pathways of plant disease resistance proteins and pattern recognition receptors, as well as pathogen effector proteins. In contrast, this book presents new and emerging research areas, and introduces students, researchers, academics, and policy advisors to the latest trends in e.g. microbial technology, environmental microbiology, agricultural science, the health sciences, biological sciences and other related disciplines.
