Download or read book Plant Development and Yield on Mountain Grasslands in Southwestern Montana Classic Reprint written by W. F. Mueggler and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-09-10 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Plant Development and Yield on Mountain Grasslands in Southwestern Montana Annual differences in plant growth and production are among the most commonly observed phenomena on our native rangelands. In addition, knowledge of growth and production are fundamental to understanding the dynamics of the grassland ecosystem. Despite their conspicuousness and importance, these phenomena have not been documented for all range types. Mountain grasslands of western Montana are among those areas where information is generally lacking on yearly variations in plant development and herbage yield. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Plant Development and Yield on Mountain Grasslands in Southwestern Montana written by United States. Department of Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 1972 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Weather Variations on a Mountain Grassland in Southwestern Montana Classic Reprint written by W. F. Mueggler and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-09-10 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Weather Variations on a Mountain Grassland in Southwestern Montana An understanding of mountain grassland ecosystems requires knowledge of both the dynamic interaction between plants and of the effects of environment and environmental variation upon those plants. Climate and variations in weather are unquestionably among the environmental factors that most affect mountain grasslands. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Variation in Production and Seasonal Development of Mountain Grasslands in Western Montana Classic Reprint written by Walter F. Mueggler and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-18 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Variation in Production and Seasonal Development of Mountain Grasslands in Western Montana The two long-term study sites were near the north end of the Gravelly Range, approximately 12 miles (20 km) About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Number of Plots Required for Measuring Productivity on Mountain Grasslands in Montana Classic Reprint written by W. F. Mueggler and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2018-03-17 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Number of Plots Required for Measuring Productivity on Mountain Grasslands in Montana The purpose of this Research Note is to show the relationship between sample size (number of plots) and precision of measuring production on 12 mountain grassland and shrubland habitat types2 common to western Montana. This information should help the range manager obtain a more realistic view of the validity of his production determinations on these and similar habitat-types, i. Information presented in table 1 was developed from data obtained during a study to determine forage productivity and variability on important habitat types. Ten of the 12 habitat types are represented by three stands selected to span the range in productivity potential for the respective habitat type; the remaining two habitat types are represented by only two stands in each. A sampling technique combining estimation (40 plots) and clipping (10 plots) was used to determine production. The 10 clipped - ft2 circular plots were randomly distributed within each stand. These clipped plots provided an estimate of the coefficient of variation (cv) by vegetation classes and species in each stand. The CV in turn forms the basis for determining the number of plots required to achieve given levels of sampling precision. The formula used to compute the number of plots (n) needed for the specified levels of sampling accuracy (freese 1967) shown in table 1 is. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book The Nature of Plant Communities written by J. Bastow Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-21 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive review of the role of species interactions in the process of plant community assembly.
Download or read book Lewis and Clark on the Great Plains written by and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A beautifully rendered reference guide to the Great Plains portion of the famous expedition through the American West highlights the explorer's remarkable encounters with previously undocumented flora and fauna as they moved through the Plains region. Original. (Biology & Natural History)
Download or read book 100 Classic Hikes Montana written by Douglas Lorain and published by Mountaineers Books. This book was released on 2018-02-09 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jagged, glacier-clad peaks, sparkling cirque lakes, crystal-clear rivers, striking canyons, vast prairies and badlands—Montana is a hiker’s dream. And Douglas Lorain has hiked it corner to corner in 100 Classic Hikes: Montana to bring you this carefully selected collection of the state’s premier hikes—many of which have never appeared in any hiking guide. With outstanding scenery as the primary criteria, each richly rewarding hike offers the opportunity to see wildlife, old-growth forests, colorful wildflowers, brilliant fall colors, spectacular vistas, or fascinating geologic features. Explore the shady forests of the Cabinet Mountains in the northwest, the world-famous wilderness of Glacier National Park, the incredible variety of trails that wind through the dramatic Bitterroots, the undiscovered gems of the Beaverhead Mountains, or the surprisingly varied landscapes of rolling grasslands, wildlife-rich marshes, and deep canyons in the eastern part of the state. Whether you’re looking for an easy Saturday afternoon jaunt with the family, a memorable day hike to a Big Sky summit, or an epic backpacking trip, you’ll find the best of the best in this guide. Features include: Full-color photos and maps Routes ranging from short day hikes to challenging multiday backcountry trips “Hikes at a Glance” chart for easy trip selection Detailed route descriptions including distance, difficulty, hiking time, elevation gain, best season, trailhead GPS coordinates, and more Recommendations for extending your hike
Download or read book Restoring Canada s Native Prairies written by John Philip Morgan and published by Argyle, Man. : Prairie Habitats. This book was released on 1995 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vegetation Ecology written by Eddy van der Maarel and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-10-24 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Additional resources for this book can be found at: www.wiley.com/go/vandermaarelfranklin/vegetationecology. Vegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition is a comprehensive, integrated account of plant communities and their environments. Written by leading experts in their field from four continents, the second edition of this book: covers the composition, structure, ecology, dynamics, diversity, biotic interactions and distribution of plant communities, with an emphasis on functional adaptations; reviews modern developments in vegetation ecology in a historical perspective; presents a coherent view on vegetation ecology while integrating population ecology, dispersal biology, soil biology, ecosystem ecology and global change studies; tackles applied aspects of vegetation ecology, including management of communities and invasive species; includes new chapters addressing the classification and mapping of vegetation, and the significance of plant functional types Vegetation Ecology, 2nd Edition is aimed at advanced undergraduates, graduates and researchers and teachers in plant ecology, geography, forestry and nature conservation. Vegetation Ecology takes an integrated, multidisciplinary approach and will be welcomed as an essential reference for plant ecologists the world over.
Download or read book The Southern Appalachians written by Susan L. Yarnell and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1998 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Grasslands of the World written by Victor R. Squires and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book begins with a brief account of the extraordinary sequence of events that led to emergence of grasslands as major vegetation formations that now occupy some of the driest and hottest and the highest and coldest on earth as well as vast steppes and prairies in more temperate climes. It is the story of grasses successfully competing with forests and woodlands, aided and abetted by grazing herbivores and by humans and their use of fire as a tool. It is a story of adaptation to changing climates and the changing biophysical environments. A major focus of the book is the Palaearctic biogeographic realm that extends over some 45 million km2 and thus more than 1/3 of the terrestrial ice-free surface on Earth. It comprises extensive grasslands of different types and origin, which can be subdivided into (1) natural grasslands with (1a) steppes (climatogenic in dry climates), (1b) arctic-alpine grasslands (climatogenic in cold climates) and (1c) azonal and extrazonal grasslands (pedogenic and topogenic) as well as (2) secondary grasslands created and sustained by human activities, such as livestock grazing, mowing or burning. Grasslands of the Palaearctic do not only form a major basis for the agriculture of the region and thus its food supply, but are also crucial for other ecosystem services and host a supra proportional part of the realm’s plant and animal diversity. To reflect that suitability of grasslands for biodiversity strongly depends on their state, we apply the term High Nature Value grassland to those natural grasslands that are not degraded (in good state) and those secondary grasslands that are not intensified (semi-natural). The situation in a variety of countries where grasslands are evolving under the influence of global climate change is also considered. Case studies are presented on Southern Africa, Eastern Africa, India, China, South America, North America and Australia. The concluding chapter examines a set of themes arising from the chapters that make up the bulk of this book. The following provide a focus: recent history of grassland biomes – brief recap of current thinking and recent trends with special reference to dry grasslands in the Palearctic regions; the current status of grasslands and germplasm resources (biodiversity) – an overview; management systems that ensure sustainability; how to recover degraded grasslands; socio-economic issues and considerations in grassland management; the impacts of environmental problems in grasslands such as future climate change and intensification and the problems/prospects facing pastoralists and other grassland-based livestock producers.
Download or read book Forgotten Grasslands of the South written by Reed F. Noss and published by Island Press. This book was released on 2012-12-03 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Forgotten Grasslands of the South is the study of one of the biologically richest and most endangered ecosystems in North America. In a seamless blend of science and personal observation, renowned ecologist Reed Noss explains the natural history of southern grasslands, their origin and history, and the physical determinants of grassland distribution, including ecology, soils, landform, and hydrology. In addition to offering fascinating new information about these little-studied ecosystems, Noss demonstrates how natural history is central to the practice of conservation. Although theory and experimentation have recently dominated the field of ecology, ecologists are coming to realize how these distinct approaches are not divergent but complementary, and that pursuing them together can bring greater knowledge and understanding of how the natural world works and how we can best conserve it. This long-awaited work sets a new standard for scientific literature and is essential reading for those who study and work to conserve the grasslands of the South as well as for everyone who is fascinated by the natural world.
Download or read book The Archaeology of the North American Great Plains written by Douglas B. Bamforth and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-23 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses archaeology to tell 15,000 years of history of the indigenous people of the North American Great Plains.
Download or read book High Mountain Conservation in a Changing World written by Jordi Catalan and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-08-03 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides case studies and general views of the main processes involved in the ecosystem shifts occurring in the high mountains and analyses the implications for nature conservation. Case studies from the Pyrenees are preponderant, with a comprehensive set of mountain ranges surrounded by highly populated lowland areas also being considered. The introductory and closing chapters will summarise the main challenges that nature conservation may face in mountain areas under the environmental shifting conditions. Further chapters put forward approaches from environmental geography, functional ecology, biogeography, and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Organisms from microbes to large carnivores, and ecosystems from lakes to forest will be considered. This interdisciplinary book will appeal to researchers in mountain ecosystems, students and nature professionals. This book is open access under a CC BY license.
Download or read book Backpacker written by and published by . This book was released on 2007-09 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Backpacker brings the outdoors straight to the reader's doorstep, inspiring and enabling them to go more places and enjoy nature more often. The authority on active adventure, Backpacker is the world's first GPS-enabled magazine, and the only magazine whose editors personally test the hiking trails, camping gear, and survival tips they publish. Backpacker's Editors' Choice Awards, an industry honor recognizing design, feature and product innovation, has become the gold standard against which all other outdoor-industry awards are measured.
Download or read book Physiological Ecology of North American Plant Communities written by Brain F. Chabot and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 704 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Although, as W.D. Billings notes in his chapter in this book. the development of physiological ecology can be traced back to the very beginnings of the study of ecology it is clear that the modern development of this field in North America is due in the large part to the efforts of Billings alone. The foundation that Billings laid in the late 1950s came from his own studies on deserts and subsequently arctic and alpine plants, and also from his enormous success in instilling enthusiasm for the field in the numerous students attracted to the plant ecology program at Duke University. Billings' own studies provided the model for subsequent work in this field. Physiological techniques. normally confined to the laboratory. were brought into the field to examine processes under natural environmental conditions. These field studies were accompanied by experiments under controlled conditions where the relative impact of various factors could be assessed and further where genetic as opposed to environmental influences could be separated. This blending of field and laboratory approaches promoted the design of experiments which were of direct relevance to understanding the distribution and abundance of plants in nature. Physiological mechanisms were studied and assessed in the context of the functioning of plants under natural conditions rather than as an end in itself.
