Download or read book Vascular Biology of the Placenta written by Yuping Wang and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2017-06-23 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The placenta is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall, thereby allowing nutrient uptake, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply. Proper vascular development in the placenta is fundamental to ensuring a healthy fetus and successful pregnancy. This book provides an up-to-date summary and synthesis of knowledge regarding placental vascular biology and discusses the relevance of this vascular bed to the functions of the human placenta.

Download or read book Placental Vascularization and Blood Flow written by R.K. Miller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-13 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The optimal function of the placenta and thus fetal well being largely depends upon the integrity of both the fetal and maternal circulations of the placenta. Intense basic research concerned with placental vascularization and blood flow has been performed for the past 30 years, beginning with the classical morphological descriptions of the placental vessels by Boe (1953) and Arts (1961), as well as with the radioangiographic studies of maternal placental circulation in the human by Borell (1958) and in the rhesus monkey by Ramsey (1962). The scientific framework presented by these investigators has been filled and completed by numerous investigators, leading to more morphological details, functional considerations, and pathological understanding. For an extended period of time, this research has been of primarily academic interest by increasing our insights into one important system of the placenta, yet having nearly no practical importance. Recently, this situation has changed dramatically: in vitro studies of the isolated, dually perfused human placenta and in vivo studies of placental circulation for diagnostic purposes have raised an enormous interest in basic research data. New methods like Doppler Ultrasound and NMR became available. These technics have enabled the obstetrician to study fetal and placental hemodynamics in vivo. Meanwhile, such methods are becoming incorporated into the daily obstetrical routine, to some degree without an adequate background knowledge of placental vascularization and blood flow, since such experience is currently available to only a small group of experts.

Download or read book Placental Vasculature and Circulation written by Elizabeth Mapelsden Ramsey and published by W.B. Saunders Company. This book was released on 1980-01-01 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Placenta and Human Developmental Programming written by Graham J. Burton and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-12-16 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental programming is a rapidly advancing discipline of great importance to basic scientists and health professionals alike. This text integrates, for the first time, contributions from world experts to explore the role of the placenta in developmental programming. The book considers the materno-fetal supply line, and how perturbations of placental development impact on its functional capacity. Chapters examine ways in which environmental, immunological and vascular insults regulate expression of conventional and imprinted genes, along with their impact on placental shape and size, transport, metabolism and endocrine function. Research in animal models is integrated with human clinical and epidemiological data, and questions for future research are identified. Transcripts of discussions between the authors allow readers to engage with controversial issues. Essential reading for researchers in placental biology and developmental programming, as well as specialists and trainees in the wider field of reproductive medicine.

Download or read book Placental Bed Disorders written by Robert Pijnenborg and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-06-03 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is now recognized that defective placentation in the human is a cause of many pregnancy complications, such as spontaneous abortion, preterm labor and delivery, pre-eclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction, fetal death and abruptio placenta. These clinical disorders can often have long-term consequences into adulthood, causing cardiovascular disease, obesity and diabetes for the newborn as well as an increased risk of premature death in the mother. This is the first book to be entirely focused on the placental bed, bringing together the results of basic and clinical research in cell biology, immunology, endocrinology, pathology, genetics and imaging to consolidate in a single, informative source for investigators and clinicians. Its core aim is to explore new approaches and improve current clinical practice. This is essential reading for clinicians in obstetric, cardiovascular and reproductive medicine.

Download or read book Placental Fetal Growth Restriction written by Christoph Lees and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-03-31 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master the effective evaluation, analysis and management of placental-fetal growth restriction (PFGR), reducing the risk of perinatal mortality and morbidity in patients worldwide. Extensively researched by international experts, this manual provides practitioners with a detailed, hands-on approach to the practical 'pearls' for direct patient management. This authoritative volume advises on matters such as the correct evaluation and management of high-risk patients in danger of PFGR through to delivery. Extensive and wide-ranging, this book is an invaluable companion to the developing research interest and clinical applications in PFGR, including developmental outcomes in early childhood. Featuring a critical evaluation of a variety of abnormal conditions, such as fetal hypoxia, which are clearly displayed through extensive illustrations. This essential toolkit ensures that practitioners of all levels can effectively limit the risk of mortality and morbidity, and reach the correct diagnosis, first-time.

Download or read book Placental and Gestational Pathology with Online Resource written by Raymond W. Redline and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2018-08-23 with total page 367 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A guide to identifying disease processes in the placenta affecting pregnancy outcome, with current diagnostic criteria and clinical consequences.

Download or read book Review of Medical Embryology written by Ben Pansky and published by Macmillan Publishing Company. This book was released on 1982-08-01 with total page 527 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Human Placenta written by C. Redman and published by Wiley-Blackwell. This book was released on 1993-01-18 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The placenta is fascinating and complex. Basically foreign to the maternal body, it can be thought of as an organ transplanted onto the mother's host tissue. As such it embodies all the principles of tissue acceptance and rejection. Many of the risks of pregnancy and labor have now been eliminated and the placenta is likely to be at the root of many of the dangers to the unborn child that remain. A breakdown of the relationship between the placenta and the maternal tissue may turn out to be the cause of the majority of early lost pregnancies.

Download or read book Anatomy and Physiology written by J. Gordon Betts and published by . This book was released on 2013-04-25 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Vascular Remodeling at the Maternal fetal Interface Placental Interactions with Uterine Blood Vessels and the Lymphatic Circulation During Pregnancy written by Kristy Red-Horse and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The placenta induces important vascular changes in the uterus during pregnancy that allow the mother to adequately support growth and development of the embryo/fetus. Specifically, the uterine vasculature must incorporate the placenta into the maternal circulation facilitating mechanical attachment and nutrient/waste exchange. As they invade the uterine wall, placental cytotrophoblasts remodel resident blood vessels in a manner that channels maternal blood to and from the placenta. Although both sides of the circulation are involved in this process, remodeling is biased towards uterine spiral arterioles. An ultrastructural (scanning electron microscopy) study that was completed as a part of this thesis dramatically illustrates the unusual nature of this process.

Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Obstetric Anaesthesia written by Vicki Clark and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 1017 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook provides an up-to-date summary of the scientific basis, assessment for and provision of anaesthesia throughout pregnancy and labour. It is divided into nine sections including physiology, assessment, complications and systemic disease.

Download or read book Respiratory Disease in Pregnancy written by Stephen E. Lapinsky and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Respiratory diseases affect a large proportion of the population and can cause complications when associated with pregnancy. Pregnancy induces profound anatomical and functional physiological changes in the mother, and subjects the mother to pregnancy-specific respiratory conditions. Reviewing respiratory conditions both specific and non-specific to pregnancy, the book also addresses related issues such as smoking and mechanical ventilation. Basic concepts for the obstetrician are covered, including patient history, physiology and initial examinations. Topics such as physiological changes during pregnancy and placental gas exchange are discussed for the non-obstetrician. Guidance is practical, covering antenatal and post-partum care, as well as management in the delivery suite. An essential guide to respiratory diseases in pregnancy, this book is indispensable to both obstetricians and non-obstetric physicians managing pregnant patients.

Download or read book Hepatic Circulation written by W. Wayne Lautt and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2009-11-17 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hepatic circulation is unique among vascular beds. The most obvious unique features include the dual vascular supply; the mechanism of intrinsic regulation of the hepatic artery (the hepatic arterial buffer response); the fact that portal blood flow, supplying two thirds of liver blood flow, is not controlled directly by the liver; the fact that 20% of the cardiac output rushes through the most vascularized organ in the body, driven by a pressure gradient of only a few millimeters of mercury; the extremely distensible capacitance and venous resistance sites; the unidirectional acinar blood flow that regulates parenchymal cell metabolic specialization; and the high concentration of macrophagic (Kupffer) cells filtering the blood. The liver is the only organ reported to have regional blood flow monitored by the autonomic nervous system. This mechanism, when dysfunctional, accounts for the hepatorenal syndrome and offers a mechanistic therapeutic target to treat this syndrome. The trigger for liver regeneration is dependent on hepatic hemodynamics so that chronic liver blood flow regulates liver cell mass. In severe liver disease, the whole body circulation is reorganized, by forming portacaval shunts, to accommodate the increased intrahepatic venous resistance. These shunts protect the venous drainage of the splanchnic organs but lead to loss of major regulatory roles of the liver. The development of knowledge of the hepatic vasculature is presented from a historical perspective with modern concepts summarized based on the perspective of the author's four decades of devotion to this most marvelous of organs. Table of Contents: Acknowledgements / Historical Perspectives / Overview / Fluid Exchange / Capacitance / Resistance in the Hepatic Artery / Resistance in the Venous System / Fetal and Neonatal Hepatic Circulation / In Vivo Pharmacodynamic Approaches / Nitric Oxide / Adenosine / Hepatic Nerves / Hepatic Circulation and Toxicology / Hepatorenal Syndrome / Integrative Hepatic Response to Hemorrhage / Blood Flow Regulation of Hepatocyte Proliferation / Multiple Mechanisms Maintaining a Constant Hepatic Blood Flow to Liver Mass Ratio / Pathopharmacology and Repurposing Drugs as a Research Strategy / References

Download or read book The First Twelve Weeks of Gestation written by E.R. Barnea and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 559 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading workers in the field of human reproduction provide both basic knowledge and useful practical information in this book about the most critical phase in the development of a new human being: the first twelve weeks of life. The period from fertilization and implantation to the end of the first trimester is still insufficiently understood and marks a new frontier. The knowledge necessary for applying our present diagnostic capabilities and for venturing into the problematic areas of fertilization technology and embryonic treatment is made easily available in this comprehensive textbook. The book is divided into two parts. The first presents basic information about physiology, anatomy, in vivo investigations, biochemistry and legal aspects. The second part focuses on pregnancy development, monitoring and the clinical diagnosis and management of disorders in the early stages of life. A full section is devoted to assisted conception and the newest possibilities in fertilizationtechnologies, whereby the ethical aspects are also discussed.

Download or read book Hematopoietic Stem Cell Development written by Isabelle Godin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-05-27 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book collects articles on the biology of hematopoietic stem cells during embryonic development, reporting on fly, fish, avian and mammalian models. The text invites a comparative overview of hematopoietic stem cell generation in the different classes, emphasizing conserved trends in development. The book reviews current knowledge on human hematopoietic development and discusses recent breakthroughs of relevance to both researchers and clinicians.

Download or read book Modelling Human Feto placental Circulation Based on Imaging written by Monika Byrne and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 86 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The placenta is a vital organ that sustains the baby in utero, providing nutrients and eliminating waste. With 10-15% of pregnancies threatened with complications worldwide there is a need to develop effective therapies. Computational modelling is an established method of studying the placenta, which allows to further our understanding between the structure of the organ and its functioning. While modelling efforts to date have focused on simulations based on an ‘average’ placenta, with advances in imaging techniques it is becoming possible to develop patient specific models, which have the potential to advance both the modelling techniques and our knowledge of the studied organ. The present study developed automated techniques to model a normal placenta delivered at term based on micro-CT images. The diameter and position of larger chorionic vessels was calculated based on images and modelled using a novel method of producing skeleton graphs that accurately represent vessel tortuosity apart from branching. Smaller vessels were grown based on regional vascular density calculated from imaging. The umbilical blood flow for the reconstructed tree was in the normal range, while a confirmation by further studies is needed if the capillary surface area, where the exchange of nutrients and waste occurs, predicted by the model is adequate. The Strahler branching ratio of 2.73 for the chorionic portion of vasculature which was modelled directly from images was similar to the ratio calculated for feto-placental vasculature in mice based on imaging (2.9) and lower than estimated based on a section of first trimester and second trimester placentas (4.2). Modelling individualised placentas in greater numbers will help elucidate the branching characteristics of feto-placental vasculature. Methods presented here can be used to model smaller vessels with increased accuracy given images with high contrast between tissue and vasculature, while generating a small proportion of vessels that cannot be resolved in imaging. The patient specific feto-placental vasculature model developed in this study predicts that only approximately 5% of arterial vasculature is not captured in the images. Improvements in imaging techniques and confocal microscopy studies of capillary surface will help validate this prediction. Methods developed as part of the present study can be used to model feto-placental vasculature of an increased number of subjects, to establish the normal variability in vascular structure as well as determine changes in the structure that are associated with decreased placental efficiency and pregnancy complications.