Download or read book Wheat Blast written by Sudheer Kumar and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wheat Blast provides systematic and practical information on wheat blast pathology, summarises research progress and discusses future perspectives based on current understanding of the existing issues. The book explores advance technologies that may help in deciding the path for future research and development for better strategies and techniques to manage the wheat blast disease. It equips readers with basic and applied understanding on the identification of disease, its distribution and chances of further spread in new areas, its potential to cause yield losses to wheat, the conditions that favour disease development, disease prediction modelling, resistance breeding methods and management strategies against wheat blast. Features: Provides comprehensive information on wheat blast pathogen and its management under a single umbrella Covers disease identification and diagnostics which will be helpful to check introduction in new areas Discusses methods and protocol to study the different aspects of the disease such as diagnostics, variability, resistance screening, epiphytotic creation etc. Gives deep insight on the past, present and future outlook of wheat blast research progress This book’s chapters are contributed by experts and pioneers in their respective fields and it provides comprehensive insight with updated findings on wheat blast research. It serves as a valuable reference for researchers, policy makers, students, teachers, farmers, seed growers, traders, and other stakeholders dealing with wheat.

Download or read book Rice Blast Disease written by Robert S. Zeigler and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1994 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pathogen biology. Cell biology of pathogenesis. Signalling systems and gene expression regulating appressorium formation in magnaporthe grisea. Genetic regulation of sporulation in the rice blast fungus. Genetic interactions in magnaporthe grisea that affect cultivar specific avirulence/virulence on rice. Genomic structure and variability in pyricularia grisea. Molecular genetic approach to the study of cultivar specificity in the rice blast fungus. Avirulence genes and mechanisms of genetic instability in the rice blast fungus. Host plant resistance. International collaboration on breeding for resistance to rice blast. Present knowledge of rice resistance genetics and strategies for magnaporthe grisea pathogenicity and avirulence gene analysis. Mapping of blast resistance genes in rice. Molecular genetic analysis fo the rice bacterial blight resistance locus, Xa21. Current status for gene transfer into rice utilizing variety-independent delivery systems. Pathogen population dynamics and utilization of host plant resistance. Virulencecharacteristics of genetic families of pyricularia grisea in Colombia. Race-specific and rate-reducing resistance to rice blast in US rice cultivars. A strategy for accumulating genes for partial resistance to blast disease in rice within a conventional breeding program. Lineage exclusion: a proposal for linking blast population analysis to resistance breeding. Use of host genetic diversity to control cereal diseases: implications for rice blast. Figs, wasps, nematodes and sitting ducks: rice blast, from the outside looking in. Epidemiology, loss assessment, and management. The economic impact of rice blast disease in China. Current rice blast epidemics and their management in Thailand. Rice blast in west Africa: its nature and control. Understanding and modeling leaf blast effects on crop physiology and yield. Methodology for quantifying rice yield effects of blast. The epidemiological basis for blast management. Using simulation models to explore better strategies for the management of blast disease in temperate rice pathosystems. Blast management in high input, high yield potential, temperate rice ecosystems. Practical approaches to rice blast management in tropical monsoon ecosystems, with special reference to Bangladesh. Rice breeding programs, blast epidemics and blast management in the United States. Strategies for the discovery of rice blast fungicides. Biological control of rice leaf blast. Farmers' perspectives. Crop-livestock interactions: implications for crop improvement in sustainable agriculture. Assessing indigenous and traditional knowledge in farming systems. Rice, reason, and resistance: a comparative study of farmers' vs. Scientists' perception and strategies.

Download or read book Biological Control of Rice Diseases written by Samuel S. Gnanamanickam and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-07-14 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is suf?cient need to document all the available data on biological control of rice diseases in a small volume. Part of this need rests on the global importance of rice to human life. In the ?rst chapter, I have tried to show that rice is indeed life for most people in Asia and shortages in production and availability can lead to a food crisis. While rice is cultivated in most continents, biological disease management attains special relevance to rice farmers of Africa, Asia, and also perhaps, Latin America. These farmers are resource-poor and might not be able to afford the cost of expensive chemical treatments to control devastating rice pathogens such as Magnaporthe oryzae (blast), Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (bacterial leaf blight), Rhizoctonia solani (sheath blight) and the virus, rice tungro disease. In an earlier volume that I developed under the title, Biological Control of Crop Diseases (Dekker/CRC Publishers, 2002), I included transgenic crops generated for the management of plant pathogens as biological control under the umbrella of a broad de?nition. Dr Jim Cook who wrote the Foreword for the volume lauded the inclusion of transgenic crops and induced systemic resistance (ISR) as a positive trend toward acceptance of host plant resistance as part of biocontrol. I continue to subscribe to this view.

Download or read book Advances in Genetics Genomics and Control of Rice Blast Disease written by Xiaofan Wang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-03-01 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rice blast, caused by the fungal pathogen Magnaporthe grisea, is one of the most destructive rice diseases worldwide and destroys enough rice to feed more than 60 million people annually. Due to high variability of the fungal population in the field, frequent loss of resistance of newly-released rice cultivars is a major restraint in sustainable rice production. In the last few years, significant progress has been made in understanding the defense mechanism of rice and pathogenicity of the fungus. The rice blast system has become a model pathosystem for understanding the molecular basis of plant-fungal interactions due to the availability of both genomes of rice and M. grisea and a large collection of genetic resources. This book provides a complete review of the recent progress and achievements on genetic, genomic and disease control of the disease. Most of the chapters were presented at the 4th International Rice Blast Conference held on October 9-14, 2007 in Changsha, China. This book is a valuable reference not only for plant pathologists and breeders working on rice blast but also for those working on other pathysystems in crop plants.

Download or read book Genetic and Cytological Characterization of the Rice Blast Fungus Pyricularia Oryzae Cavara written by Hei Leung and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Factors which May Affect General Resistance in Rice to Pyricularia Oryzae Cav written by José Tadashi Yorinori and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A study of certain factors which may affect general resistance in rice to Pyricularia oryzae Cav. was made in the laboratory by inoculating detached leaves in Petri dishes and by inoculating potted plants in the greenhouse. The inoculation of potted plants in the greenhouse was made primarily in order to find varieties with lesion types 3 and 4. Unfortunately, plants grew poorly so that studies with detached leaves and greenhouse inoculations had to be made simultaneously with a limited number of varieties and isolates. inoculum of P. oryzae was initially produced on 2% rice polish, agar, but culture on fresh, sterilized, crushed leaves gave better results and inoculum from this source was used during the rest of the study. General resistance in rice to P. oryzae might be expressed through reduced size of lesions, delayed time of sporulation, reduced number of spores, delayed time of ingress, and specific color of lesions. Thus the factors studied as possible indicators of general resistance were: a) size of lesion, b) color of lesions, c)time of sporulation, d) number of spores produced, and e) time of ingress. Attempts were made to find relationships among these characteristics which would express the definition of general resistance as given by Hooker (29), as a type of resistance "(race nonspecific) which functions against all biotypes". Tests were also made to determine the differences in susceptibility between the apical and basal portions of the youngest, but fully expanded leaves. Even using a single isolate a wide variation in lesion types occurred on the same variety in both the detached leaf and greenhouse inoculations. Reactions varied from highly resistant to highly susceptible. The size of lesions measured on detached leaves also showed extreme variation among and within the same varieties with different isolates. In general, size of lesions increased with an increase in susceptibility. Smaller lesions generally had darker coloration, delayed sporulation, and reduced number of spores. A relationship of lesion color with other characteristics suggested that plants with lesions having green (surf green, olive green, pea green, opaline green or acacia) to gray (cub, sandy beige and mineral gray) centers were more susceptible, had larger lesions, more rapid sporulation, greater number of spores formed, and a larger yellow margin. White to pinkish (ivory or white jade) centers occurred in many lesions of types 3, 4 and 5 and on these light colored areas sporulation was delayed, and fewer spores were formed. Lesions with wider black or purple (graphite) to dark brown (autumn and burn umber) and brown (chipmunk, cinnamon, spice or talavera) areas had lesions with a center with restricted size (1 to 2 mm in diameters), and usually white to pinkish color. The lesion size was restricted by the yellow margin, sporulation was delayed, and there were less spores produced. Detached leaves generally had more susceptible reactions than plants inoculated in the greenhouse with the same isolates. The lesions were darker in color among the resistant varieties in the detached leaf inoculation as compared to susceptible varieties. The center of lesions on detached leaves was mostly green to gray and generally had less dark areas. Except for lesion type 3, no white or pinkish coloration was present in the center of lesions inoculated by the detached leaf technique while this was common in lesion types 3, 4 and 5 in the greenhouse inoculations. Time of conidiophore and conidia formation in the greenhouse inoculations showed variation in the same lesion type among varieties. In general, the time to produce spores increased with increased resistance. Conidiophores were rarely formed in less than 4 hr under high humidity in susceptible to highly susceptible varieties. When conidiophores were formed within 4 to 5 under high humidity, conidial formation followed 1 to 7 hr later. Conidial formation was frequently delayed when conidiophores took more than 6 hr to emerge. No differences were noted between lesion types 4 and 5 in regard to time of sporulation on detached leaves. Sporulation took longer on lesion types 3 and 2. Sporulation rarely occurred on lesion type 2. The number of spores produced increased with an increase in susceptibility, both in the greenhouse and detached leaf inoculations. On lesion types 3, 4 and 5, the number of spores varied greatly within the same lesion type. In general, sporulation was more abundant when detached leaves were inoculated. Inoculations of the apical and basal portions of the same leaf, with the same isolate, indicated that basal portion was more susceptible. Lesions were much larger, sporulation was faster, and a larger number of spores were produced on the basal portions. No differences were observed among the highly resistant varieties between the apical and basal portions of the same leaf. A study of time of ingress with the detached leaf technique failed to show notable differences among varieties and isolates. Likewise, in a greenhouse test, no relationship was observed between time of ingress and the other characteristics studied in the one test made. Characteristics examined in the present study were amendable to measurement, even thought great variation existed in the reactions to different isolates. Further studies are needed so that comparisons of detached leaf inoculation can be made with field and greenhouse inoculations. Leaves to be used in the detached leaf inoculation should come from healthy greenhouse or field plants. Large scale field and greenhouse inoculations should be made so that varieties can be selected with lesion type 3 and 4, using as many virulent and highly specialized races of the fungus as possible. These experiments could be carried out as an integrated project in the IBN program. Varieties tested for general resistance at each station should be tested at all other stations, thus exposing the varieties to the most varied races and geographical areas as possible.

Download or read book Rice Genetics IV written by Gurdev S. Khush and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 2001 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geneticists contribute on a wide range of topics in this book, from classical genetics to the most advanced research on sequencing of the rice genome and functional genomics. They review advances in rice research and discuss molecular markers, genome organization and gene isolation.

Download or read book A Handbook of Rice Seedborne Fungi written by T. W. Mew and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 2002 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seed health testing assures the safe movement of seed of different crops, for research or trade. It is premised on the hypothesis that many harmful organisms are carried by and moved with the seed which have the potential to harm crops. This text provides details of rice seed-borne fungi.

Download or read book Rice Diseases written by Shu Huang Ou and published by IRRI. This book was released on 1985 with total page 411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virus and MLO diseases; Bacterial diseases; Fungus diseases - foliage diseases; Fungus diseases - diseases of stem, leaf sheath and root; Fungus diseases - seedling diseases; Fungus diseases - diseases of grain and inflorescence; Diseases caused by nematodes; Physiological diseases.

Download or read book Simulation of the Epidemiology of Pyricularia Oryzae in Rice written by H. Gunther and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Major Fungal Diseases of Rice written by S. Sreenivasaprasad and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Major Fungal Diseases of Rice: Recent Advances provides a comprehensive overview of latest research in rice fungal pathology. There are 25 chapters dealing with the blast, sheath blight, sheath rot, brown spot and scald diseases of rice as well as some broader topics. The book covers recent progress in a number of key fundamental aspects such as pathogenicity, pathogen diversity, molecular characterisation, gene cloning, genetics of host resistance and host-pathogen interactions. It also presents the current status and perspectives in strategic and applied areas such as epidemiology, resistance breeding, biological control, induced resistance, seed-borne diseases and quarantine issues and disease management strategies. This book is essential for rice researchers, pathologists and breeders and will also be suitable for cereal and plant pathologists in general, as there is an extensive coverage of recent research advances in rice blast, a model system in plant pathology.

Download or read book Fungicide Resistance in Plant Pathogens written by Hideo Ishii and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-08-31 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume offers a comprehensive coverage of the general principles and recent advances in fungicide resistance. It describes the development, mechanisms, monitoring, and management of resistance and covers the most important group of fungicides that have caused resistance on various crops. An historical review of fungicide resistance over the past 40 years sets the scene for up-to-date basic information on mode of action, as well as the genetics, mechanisms, and evolution of resistance. Monitoring for resistance, including the latest developments in molecular diagnostics, moves readers into the practical aspects of resistance management, which is dealt with through a series of case studies outlining fungicide-use strategies on several key crops. The chapters reflect the experience of authors internationally recognised for their significant contributions to fungicide resistance research. The majority of crop diseases are caused by fungal pathogens, and disease control relies heavily on chemically synthesized fungicides. However, modern fungicides often encounter the problem of resistance development in target pathogens. Thus pathogen resistance to fungicides is an important factor that causes loss of yield and quality of crops. It often threatens biosecurity through the decrease of fungicide efficacy in the fields. To manage fungicide resistance successfully will require the promotion of integrated disease management, involving not just chemical fungicides, but also host plant resistance, agronomic factors, and reliable biological control agents where these are available. Well referenced throughout, the book offers a comprehensive account of resistance, which will be useful as a source of material for lecturers and for both industrial and academic scientists involved in fungicide resistance research. It is also a valuable sourcebook for students.

Download or read book Innovations in Land Water and Energy for Vietnam s Sustainable Development written by Mariano Anderle and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-28 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents recent innovative trends in land, water and energy management in Vietnam. Presenting the main projects and outcomes of a close collaboration between Italian and Vietnamese researchers in the last three years, the book is divided into three main sections: environment, climate change and land management in Vietnam; energy for Vietnam; and cities and utilities in Vietnam. The first section focuses on water systems, including rivers and seacoasts, and on new growing methods for more sustainable agriculture. The second section addresses energy and wastewater. The country’s rapid growth is a major challenge in terms of reinforcing the electrical infrastructures, and as such this section offers an overview of the government’s planned measures and their impact on the Vietnamese power system. The third section highlights cities and utilities in the context of increasing urbanization, exploring the urban morphology of the Vietnamese metropolis, particularly Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City.

Download or read book Structure and Dynamics of Fungal Populations written by J. Worrall and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fungi are among the most versatile and diverse groups of organisms in their morphology, life cycles, and ecology. This has provided endless fasci nation and intrigue to those who have studied fungi, but it has also made it difficult to understand fungal biology from the perspective of the broader fields of evolution, ecology, genetics, and population biology. That is changing. Details of fungal biology have been elucidated at an exciting pace, increasingly allowing us to understand fungi on the bases of general biological principles. Moreover, many who study fungi have lately emulated some of the great mycologists and plant pathologists of the early years in applying an insight born of broad perspective. This change has been particularly apparent in fungal population biology. In this book, many of those at the forefront of that change summarize, integrate and comment on recent developments and ideas on populations of fungi. By taking a broad perspective, they show how new information on fungi may contribute to concepts and ideas of biology as a whole. Just as important, they contribute to further invigoration of fungal population research by illuminating mycology with new ideas and concepts, derived in part from other biological fields.

Download or read book Systems approaches for agricultural development written by F.W.T Penning de Vries and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 1993 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Systems Approaches for Agricultural Development, 2-6 December 1991, Bangkok, Thailand

Download or read book Studies on the Mechanism of Variation in Pyricularia Oryzae Magnaporthe Grisea written by Bai Chai Wu and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Manual of Rice Seed Health Testing written by T. W. Mew and published by Int. Rice Res. Inst.. This book was released on 1994 with total page 121 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rice seed health and quarantine; The rice plant and its environment; Equipment; Samples and sampling; dry seed inspection; Fungi; Bacteria; Nematodes; Viruses and mycoplasmalike organisms; Field inspection; Seed treatment; Weed seed; Insect pests; Fungal pathogens; Bacterial pathogens; Nematode pest; Organisms causing grain discoloration and damage.