Download or read book Pious Merchants Honorable Hidalgos written by Richard Paul Ibarra and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the thirteenth century onward, Italian merchants were ubiquitous in the economic activities of the Iberian Peninsula, largely underwriting the success of Iberian expansion and imperial ambitions. They took part in the incursions into North Africa and contributed to the conquest of the Canary Islands and the Caribbean. Italian merchants also became enmeshed in the administration of empire, serving as aldermen and notaries in the Spanish bureaucracy, which necessitated proving their nobility (hidalgu a) and purity of blood (limpieza de sangre). They participated in civic and religious processions, joined and established confraternities, supported and requested burial in local religious institutions through generous bequests. All of this contributed to their integration into Iberian communities while reinforcing Genoese identity. Historians, sociologists, and anthropologists have studied the hybrid identities of foreign merchants for decades. Much of this scholarship has demonstrated Genoese ability to integrate into their host communities but has described this as a process of assimilation that displaced Genoese identity. The cases in this dissertation contribute nuance to these long-standing debates about hybridity and the extension of multiple identities and communal membership across time and space. Looking outward from the Iberian Peninsula, these cases played out across larger Mediterranean and Atlantic contexts, since these merchants were extensively involved in the processes of medieval and early modern European expansions, from North Africa to the Canary Islands, the Caribbean, Mexico, and beyond. Notarial and inquisition records, petitions for nobility (hidalgu a) and purity of blood (limpieza de sangre), literary narratives, polemical treatises, and funerary monuments demonstrate how Genoese merchant families integrated themselves into Iberian communities while maintaining their foreign connections. Examining both merchants residing in Seville and their relatives across the Atlantic, this dissertation shows how they capitalized on an approach that mobilized their diasporic identity and ties to carve a space within Iberian society. This is what I call ambiguous integration. Their approach to integration had many parallels in the culture of the Mediterranean and Atlantic, but over time it became increasingly difficult to mobilize as a sixteenth-century anti-foreigner discourse associated these merchants with greed, deception, and an effeminacy not unrelated to their identification as "white moors" (moros blancos). As a result, many families dissimulated and even renounced this foreign identity and ties from the end of the sixteenth century forward.
Download or read book History of the Indies written by Bartolomé de las Casas and published by HarperCollins Publishers. This book was released on 1971 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Albion s Seed written by David Hackett Fischer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1991-03-14 with total page 981 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fascinating book is the first volume in a projected cultural history of the United States, from the earliest English settlements to our own time. It is a history of American folkways as they have changed through time, and it argues a thesis about the importance for the United States of having been British in its cultural origins. While most people in the United States today have no British ancestors, they have assimilated regional cultures which were created by British colonists, even while preserving ethnic identities at the same time. In this sense, nearly all Americans are "Albion's Seed," no matter what their ethnicity may be. The concluding section of this remarkable book explores the ways that regional cultures have continued to dominate national politics from 1789 to 1988, and still help to shape attitudes toward education, government, gender, and violence, on which differences between American regions are greater than between European nations.
Download or read book The Columbia Documentary History of Race and Ethnicity in America written by Ronald H. Bayor and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 1032 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than 240 primary sources, this introduction to a complex topic is a resource for student research.
Download or read book Early Economic Thought in Spain 1177 1740 Routledge Revivals written by Marjorie Grice-Hutchinson and published by . This book was released on 2013-12-10 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The growth of serious interest during the last fifty years in the scholastic contribution to the development of economic thought has been very marked, and no-where more so than in the history of economic thought in Spain. First published in 1978, this book begins in the Middle Ages and traces the effect on business practice and on thought of the presence of the Christian, Islamic and Jewish communities who lived side by side in the Peninsula. It shows how the economics of Plato and Aristotle were transmitted by way of Toledo to the Latin West. In the second half of the book the author considers e~Salamancane(tm) ideas and the views of the political economists and e~projectorse(tm) who preceded the Enlightenment. At the same time she surveys the present state of the subject and offers bibliographical guidance for the reader.
Download or read book The Mound written by Howard Phillips Lovecraft and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2020-12-08 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The Mound" by Howard Phillips Lovecraft, Zealia Bishop. Published by Good Press. Good Press publishes a wide range of titles that encompasses every genre. From well-known classics & literary fiction and non-fiction to forgotten−or yet undiscovered gems−of world literature, we issue the books that need to be read. Each Good Press edition has been meticulously edited and formatted to boost readability for all e-readers and devices. Our goal is to produce eBooks that are user-friendly and accessible to everyone in a high-quality digital format.
Download or read book Indigenous Elites and Creole Identity in Colonial Mexico 1500 1800 written by Peter B. Villella and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2016-01-25 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Mexico derives many of its richest symbols of national heritage and identity from the Aztec legacy, even as it remains a predominantly Spanish-speaking, Christian society. This volume argues that the composite, neo-Aztec flavor of Mexican identity was, in part, a consequence of active efforts by indigenous elites after the Spanish conquest to grandfather ancestral rights into the colonial era. By emphasizing the antiquity of their claims before Spanish officials, native leaders extended the historical awareness of the colonial regime into the pre-Hispanic past, and therefore also the themes, emotional contours, and beginning points of what we today understand as 'Mexican history'. This emphasis on ancient roots, moreover, resonated with the patriotic longings of many creoles, descendants of Spaniards born in Mexico. Alienated by Spanish scorn, creoles associated with indigenous elites and studied their histories, thereby reinventing themselves as Mexico's new 'native' leadership and the heirs to its prestigious antiquity.
Download or read book Making Medicines in Early Colonial Lima Peru written by Linda A. Newson and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2017-09-18 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on extensive archival research in Peru, Spain, and Italy, Making Medicines in Early Colonial Lima, Peru examines how apothecaries in Lima were trained, ran their businesses, traded medicinal products, prepared medicines, and found their place in society. In the book, Newson argues that apothecaries had the potential to be innovators in science, especially in the New World where they encountered new environments and diverse healing traditions. However, it shows that despite experimental tendencies among some apothecaries, they generally adhered to traditional humoral practices and imported materia medica from Spain rather than adopt native plants or exploit the region’s rich mineral resources. This adherence was not due to state regulation, but reflected the entrenchment of humoral beliefs in popular thought and their promotion by the Church and Inquisition.
Download or read book Spain a Global History written by Luis Francisco Martinez Montes and published by . This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 474 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the late fifteenth to the nineteenth centuries, the Hispanic Monarchy was one of the largest and most diverse political communities known in history. At its apogee, it stretched from the Castilian plateau to the high peaks of the Andes; from the cosmopolitan cities of Seville, Naples, or Mexico City to Santa Fe and San Francisco; from Brussels to Buenos Aires and from Milan to Manila. During those centuries, Spain left its imprint across vast continents and distant oceans contributing in no minor way to the emergence of our globalised era. This was true not only in an economic sense-the Hispano-American silver peso transported across the Atlantic and the Pacific by the Spanish fleets was arguably the first global currency, thus facilitating the creation of a world economic system-but intellectually and artistically as well. The most extraordinary cultural exchanges took place in practically every corner of the Hispanic world, no matter how distant from the metropolis. At various times a descendant of the Aztec nobility was translating a Baroque play into Nahuatl to the delight of an Amerindian and mixed audience in the market of Tlatelolco; an Andalusian Dominican priest was writing the first Western grammar of the Chinese language in Fuzhou, a Chinese city that enjoyed a trade monopoly with the Spanish Philippines; a Franciscan friar was composing a piece of polyphonic music with lyrics in Quechua to be played in a church decorated with Moorish-style ceilings in a Peruvian valley; or a multi-ethnic team of Amerindian and Spanish naturalists was describing in Latin, Spanish and local vernacular languages thousands of medicinal plants, animals and minerals previously unknown to the West. And, most probably, at the same time that one of those exchanges were happening, the members of the School of Salamanca were laying the foundations of modern international law or formulating some of the first modern theories of price, value and money, Cervantes was writing Don Quixote, Velázquez was painting Las Meninas, or Goya was exposing both the dark and bright sides of the European Enlightenment. Actually, whenever we contemplate the galleries devoted to Velázquez, El Greco, Zurbarán, Murillo or Goya in the Prado Museum in Madrid; when we visit the National Palace in Mexico City, a mission in California, a Jesuit church in Rome or the Intramuros quarter in Manila; or when we hear Spanish being spoken in a myriad of accents in the streets of San Francisco, New Orleans or Manhattan we are experiencing some of the past and present fruits of an always vibrant and still expanding cultural community. As the reader can infer by now, this book is about how Spain and the larger Hispanic world have contributed to world history and in particular to the history of civilisation, not only at the zenith of the Hispanic Monarchy but throughout a much longer span of time.
Download or read book Lazaretto written by David S. Barnes and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2023-05-09 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How the controversial practice of quarantine saved nineteenth-century Philadelphia after a series of deadly epidemics. In the 1790s, four devastating yellow fever epidemics threatened the survival of Philadelphia, the nation's capital and largest city. In response, the city built a new quarantine station called the Lazaretto downriver from its port. From 1801 to 1895, a strict quarantine was enforced there to protect the city against yellow fever, cholera, typhus, and other diseases. At the time, the science behind quarantine was hotly contested, and the Board of Health in Philadelphia was plagued by internal conflicts and political resistance. In Lazaretto, David Barnes tells the story of how a blend of pragmatism, improvisation, and humane care succeeded in treating seemingly incurable diseases and preventing further outbreaks. Barnes shares the lessons of the Lazaretto through a series of tragic and inspiring true stories of people caught up in the painful ordeal of quarantine. They include a nine-year-old girl enslaved in West Africa and freed upon arrival in Philadelphia, an eleven-year-old orphan boy who survived yellow fever only to be scapegoated for starting an epidemic, and a grieving widow who saved the Lazaretto in the midst of catastrophe. Spanning a turbulent century of immigration, urban growth, and social transformation, Lazaretto takes readers inside the life-and-death debates and ordinary heroism that saved Philadelphia when its survival as a city was at stake. Amid the controversy and tragedy of the COVID-19 pandemic, this surprising reappraisal of America's historic struggle against deadly epidemics reminds us not to neglect old knowledge and skills in our rush to embrace the new.
Download or read book Rulers Religion and Riches written by Jared Rubin and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-02-16 with total page 297 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book seeks to explain the political and religious factors leading to the economic reversal of fortunes between Europe and the Middle East.
Download or read book Dream State written by Diane Roberts and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2007-11-01 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part family memoir, part political commentary, part apologia, Dream State is all Floridian, telling the grand and sometimes crazy story of the twenty-seventh state through the eyes of one of its native daughters. Acclaimed journalist and NPR commentator Diane Roberts has many family secrets and she's ready to tell them. Like the time her cousin state Senator Luther Tucker wrapped his Caddy around a tree, allegedly with a jug of moonshine on the seat next to him. Or how cousin Susan Branford was given an African girl for her eighth birthday. Or the time when cousin Enid Broward was made the May Queen of 1907, even though her daddy the governor shocked the state by trying to drain the entire Everglades. Roberts' ancestors helped settle Florida, kill off its pesky Indians, enslave some of its inhabitants, clear its forests, lay its train tracks, and pave its roads, all the time weaving themselves into the very fabric of this dangling chad of a state. With a storyteller's talent for setting great scenes, Roberts lays out the sweeping history of eight geberations of Browards and Bradfords, Tuckers anf Robertses, even as she Forest Gumps them into situations with more historically familiar names. Whether it's the American court of Catherine de Médicis, the Tallahassee court of Katherine Harris, Henry Flagler's boardroom -- not to mention his bedroom -- or Jeb Bush's statehouse, you're likely to find a branch or a root of the Roberts family growing entangled nearby. Starting in the recent past with the botched presidential election of 2000, Roberts introduces the many sides of the debate, coincidentally peopled with cousins both kissing and close. She then goes back to Florida's first inhabitants, showing how this alluring peninsula many called a paradise played a role in the destiny of those who settled there. Following their colorful progress up to the present, she renders them all with a deep, familial affection. Florida has forced itself into the collective American unconscious with its messed-up elections, anthrax scares, shark attacks,boat lifts, snowbirds, and the Bush dynasty. While exposing the real people whom Carl Hiaasen and Elmore Leonard have been fictionalizing for years, Dream State ultimately reveals the cogs and wheels that make the state tick.
Download or read book Converso Non Conformism in Early Modern Spain written by Kevin Ingram and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-12-06 with total page 370 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the effects of Jewish conversions to Christianity in late medieval Spanish society. Ingram focuses on these converts and their descendants (known as conversos) not as Judaizers, but as Christian humanists, mystics and evangelists, who attempt to create a new society based on quietist religious practice, merit, and toleration. His narrative takes the reader on a journey from the late fourteenth-century conversions and the first blood purity laws (designed to marginalize conversos), through the early sixteenth-century Erasmian and radical mystical movements, to a Counter-Reformation environment in which conversos become the advocates for pacifism and concordance. His account ends at the court of Philip IV, where growing intolerance towards Madrid’s converso courtiers is subtly attacked by Spain’s greatest painter, Diego Velázquez, in his work, Los Borrachos. Finally, Ingram examines the historiography of early modern Spain, in which he argues the converso reform phenomenon continues to be underexplored.
Download or read book Having Fun with Words of Wit and Wisdom written by Tom McMorrow and published by Trafford Publishing. This book was released on 2009-10 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: something here
Download or read book Handbook to Life in the Aztec World written by Manuel Aguilar-Moreno and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007 with total page 466 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Describes daily life in the Aztec world, including coverage of geography, foods, trades, arts, games, wars, political systems, class structure, religious practices, trading networks, writings, architecture and science.
Download or read book Transcension written by Damien Broderick and published by Macmillan. This book was released on 2003-03-19 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Damien Broderick has been a leading Australian SF writer since the ‘70s. His novel The Dreaming Dragons was listed in SF: the 100 best novels. His recent nonfiction book, The Spike, is a mind-stretching look at the wonders of the high-tech future. Now in Transcension he brings to life one of the futures he imagined in The Spike, a world pervaded by nanotechnology and governed by artificial intelligence. Transcension may be Broderick’s best book yet. Amanda is a brilliant violinist, a mathematical genius, and a rebel. Impatient for the adult status her society only grants at age thirty, but determined to have a real adventure first, she has repeatedly gotten into trouble and found herself in the courtroom of Magistrate Mohammed Abdel-Malik, the sole resurrectee from among those who were frozen in the early twenty-first century, the man whose mind was the seed for Aleph, the AI that rules this utopia. Mathewmark is a real adolescent, living in the last place where they still exist, the reservation known as the Valley of the God of One's Choice, where those who have chosen faith over technology are allowed to live out their simpler lives. When Amanda determines that access to the valley is the key to the daring stunt she plans, it is Mathewmark she will have to lead into temptation. But just as Amanda, Mathewmark, and Abdel-Malik are struggling to find themselves and achieve their potentials, so is Aleph, and the AI's success will be a challenge to them and all of humanity. At the publisher's request, this title is being sold without Digital Rights Management software (DRM) applied.
Download or read book Colonialism and Culture written by Nicholas B. Dirks and published by University of Michigan Press. This book was released on 1992 with total page 420 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides new and important perspectives on the complex character of colonial history
