Download or read book Physiological Response to Drought Stress of Common Bean Phaseolus Vulgaris L Genotypes Differing in Drought Resistance written by Setegn Gebeyehu and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2006 with total page 131 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drought written by Gabrijel Ondrasek and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-01-15 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought (hydrological, meteorological, and/or agronomical) disturbs water balance in certain domains and limits green/blue water resources for our basic needs, including food and energy production. This book presents the most recent insights related to drought types, their detection, and their effects on food, energy, and municipal water supplies. It also examines some novel approaches to drought management.
Download or read book Drought phenotyping in crops From theory to practice written by Philippe Monneveux and published by Frontiers E-books. This book was released on 2014-02-12 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This topic is a unique attempt to simultaneously tackle theoretical and practical aspects in drought phenotyping, through both crop-specific and cross-cutting approaches. It is designed for – and will be of use to – practitioners and postgraduate students in plant science, who are grappling with the challenging task of evaluating germplasm performance under different water regimes. In Part I, different methodologies are presented for accurately characterising environmental conditions, implementing trials, and capturing and analysing the information this generates, regardless of the crop. Part II presents the state-of-art in research on adaptation to drought, and recommends specific protocols to measure different traits in major food crops (focusing on particular cereals, legumes and clonal crops). The topic is part of the CGIAR Generation Challenge Programme’s efforts to disseminate crop research information, tools and protocols, for improving characterisation of environments and phenotyping conditions. The goal is to enhance expertise in testing locations, and to stimulate the development and use of traits related to drought tolerance, as well as innovative protocols for crop characterisation and breeding.
Download or read book Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology written by Mohammad Pessarakli and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-07-13 with total page 1200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Continuous discoveries in plant and crop physiology have resulted in an abundance of new information since the publication of the third edition of the Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology. Following its predecessors, the fourth edition of this well-regarded handbook offers a unique, comprehensive, and complete collection of topics in the field of plant and crop physiology. Divided into eleven sections, for easy access of information, this edition contains more than 90 percent new material, substantial revisions, and two new sections. The handbook covers the physiology of plant and crop growth and development, cellular and molecular aspects, plant genetics and production processes. The book presents findings on plant and crop growth in response to climatic changes, and considers the potential for plants and crops adaptation, exploring the biotechnological aspects of plant and crop improvement. This content is used to plan, implement, and evaluate strategies for increasing plant growth and crop yield. Readers benefit from numerous tables, figures, case studies and illustrations, as well as thousands of index words, all of which increase the accessibility of the information contained in this important handbook. New to the Edition: Contains 37 new chapters and 13 extensively revised and expanded chapters from the third edition of this book. Includes new or modified sections on soil-plant-water-nutrients-microorganisms physiological relations; and on plant growth regulators, both promoters and inhibitors. Additional new and modified chapters cover the physiological responses of lower plants and vascular plants and crops to metal-based nanoparticles and agrichemicals; and the growth responses of plants and crops to climate change and environmental stresses. With contributions from 95 scientists from 20 countries, this book provides a comprehensive resource for research and for university courses, covering plant and crop physiological responses under normal and stressful conditions ranging from cellular aspects to whole plants.
Download or read book Water Stress and Crop Plants written by Parvaiz Ahmad and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-06-08 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants are subjected to a variety of abiotic stresses such as drought, temperature, salinity, air pollution, heavy metals, UV radiations, etc. To survive under these harsh conditions plants are equipped with different resistance mechanisms which vary from species to species. Due to the environmental fluctuations agricultural and horticultural crops are often exposed to different environmental stresses leading to decreased yield and problems in the growth and development of the crops. Drought stress has been found to decrease the yield to an alarming rate of some important crops throughout the globe. During last few decades, lots of physiological and molecular works have been conducted under water stress in crop plants. Water Stress and Crop Plants: A Sustainable Approach presents an up-to-date in-depth coverage of drought and flooding stress in plants, including the types, causes and consequences on plant growth and development. It discusses the physiobiochemical, molecular and omic approaches, and responses of crop plants towards water stress. Topics include nutritional stress, oxidative stress, hormonal regulation, transgenic approaches, mitigation of water stress, approaches to sustainability, and modern tools and techniques to alleviate the water stress on crop yields. This practical book offers pragmatic guidance for scientists and researchers in plant biology, and agribusinesses and biotechnology companies dealing with agronomy and environment, to mitigate the negative effects of stress and improve yield under stress. The broad coverage also makes this a valuable guide enabling students to understand the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms of environmental stress in plants.
Download or read book Drought Stress Response in Agricultural Plants written by Aleš Sedlar and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought is one of the major threats to common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), affecting its growth and productivity and, thus, contributing to considerable losses in yield in many regions worldwide. The development of varieties tolerant of drought stress has, therefore, become one of the primary goals in many common bean breeding programs. Plants have developed various mechanisms of their adaptation, to a greater or lesser extent, to drought. These are expressed, on the molecular level, by changes of gene expression and of protein content, together with responses at physiological and morphological levels. The response of common bean to drought is still not sufficiently well characterized due to its genetic complexity and its diverse, often ambiguous, phenotypic effects. Understanding these mechanisms is thus of fundamental importance for developing varieties that are better adapted to such stress conditions. In this chapter, we present research that provides an insight into the morpho-physiological adaptation and its underlying molecular changes in common bean plants exposed to drought. We include our contribution to establishing the basis for breeding of common bean with greater tolerance to this abiotic stress that uses molecular markers and identification of quantitative trait loci (QTLs).
Download or read book Evaluation of Physiological Parameters and Nitrogen Partitioning and Remobilization in Beans Phaseolus Vulgaris L and Cowpeas Vigna Unguiculata walp L Under Stress and Non stress Soil Moisture Conditions written by Mmasera Manthe and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Drought Stress Tolerance in Plants Vol 1 written by Mohammad Anwar Hossain and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-25 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abiotic stress adversely affects crop production worldwide, decreasing average yields for most of the crops to 50%. Among various abiotic stresses affecting agricultural production, drought stress is considered to be the main source of yield reduction around the globe. Due to an increasing world population, drought stress will lead to a serious food shortage by 2050. The situation may become worse due to predicated global climate change that may multiply the frequency and duration and severity of such abiotic stresses. Hence, there is an urgent need to improve our understanding on complex mechanisms of drought stress tolerance and to develop modern varieties that are more resilient to drought stress. Identification of the potential novel genes responsible for drought tolerance in crop plants will contribute to understanding the molecular mechanism of crop responses to drought stress. The discovery of novel genes, the analysis of their expression patterns in response to drought stress, and the determination of their potential functions in drought stress adaptation will provide the basis of effective engineering strategies to enhance crop drought stress tolerance. Although the in-depth water stress tolerance mechanisms is still unclear, it can be to some extent explained on the basis of ion homeostasis mediated by stress adaptation effectors, toxic radical scavenging, osmolyte biosynthesis, water transport, and long distance signaling response coordination. Importantly, complete elucidation of the physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms for drought stress, perception, transduction, and tolerance is still a challenge to the plant biologists. The findings presented in volume 1 call attention to the physiological and biochemical modalities of drought stress that influence crop productivity, whereas volume 2 summarizes our current understanding on the molecular and genetic mechanisms of drought stress resistance in plants.
Download or read book Assessment of Root Morphology as an Indicator of Drought Resistance in Common Bean Phaseolus Vulgaris L written by Maurice D. Yabba and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physiological and Molecular Characterization of Crop Resistance to Abiotic Stresses written by Monica Boscaiu and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-02 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abiotic stress represents the main constraint for agriculture, affecting plant growth and productivity worldwide. Yield losses in agriculture will be potentiated in the future by global warming, increasing contamination, and reduced availability of fertile land. The challenge for agriculture of the present and future is that of increasing the food supply for a continuously growing human population under environmental conditions that are deteriorating in many areas of the world. Minimizing the effects of diverse types of abiotic stresses represents a matter of general concern. Research on all topics related to abiotic stress tolerance, from understanding the stress response mechanisms of plants to developing cultivars and crops tolerant to stress, is a priority. This Special Issue is focused on the physiological and molecular characterization of crop resistance to abiotic stresses, including novel research, reviews, and opinion articles covering all aspects of the responses and mechanisms of plant tolerance to abiotic. Contributions on physiological, biochemical, and molecular studies of crop responses to abiotic stresses; the description and role of stress-responsive genes; marker-assisted screening of stress-tolerant genotypes; genetic engineering; and other biotechnological approaches to improve crop tolerance were considered.
Download or read book Plant Breeding Reviews Volume 36 written by Jules Janick and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-10-16 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Breeding Reviews presents state-of-the-art reviews on plant genetics and the breeding of all types of crops by both traditional means and molecular methods. Many of the crops widely grown today stem from a very narrow genetic base; understanding and preserving crop genetic resources is vital to the security of food systems worldwide. The emphasis of the series is on methodology, a fundamental understanding of crop genetics, and applications to major crops. It is a serial title that appears in the form of one or two volumes per year.
Download or read book Plant Bacteria Association and Symbiosis written by Carlos Henrique Meneses and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2024-05-21 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a result of the environmental impacts associated with chemical fertilizer misuse, society has turned its attention to alternative and sustainable forms of plant nutrition. By providing substances that would otherwise be scarce, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPBs) can influence the availability of nutrients, directly affecting plants' metabolism. In addition to fixing nitrogen, and solubilizing phosphorus, and iron, they also produce hormones such as auxins, gibberellins, cytokinin's, and ethylene). Studies with PGPB around the world must be directed towards biological control and growth promotion integrated into a sustainable management system. Gradually, the problems identified in research with biological control are being solved. However, erratic results regarding the bacterization of cultures frustrate researchers and result from a lack of understanding of plant-microorganism interactions dynamics under various environmental conditions.
Download or read book Annual Plant Reviews Nitrogen Metabolism in Plants in the Post genomic Era written by Christine Foyer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-06-09 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The field of plant nitrogen metabolism continues to be a compelling focus for basic research activities because there is a strong demand for immediate solutions, particularly in key areas, such as improving plant nitrogen use efficiency, which are crucial to future agricultural sustainability and the future economic success of agriculture. The 13 reviews which comprise this excellent and carefully edited new volume bring together the expertise and enthusiasm of an international team of leading researchers. Topics covered include nitrogen sensing and signalling, uptake and membrane systems, nitric oxide, primary nitrogen assimilation and C/N balance and interactions, and regulation of root and plant architecture. Together, these reviews provide an insight into how plants sense, uptake and assimilate nitrogen into the organic compounds required for growth, co-ordinate nitrogen and carbon metabolism and regulate growth and development according to nitrogen availability. The transcription factors that act to integrate environmental nutrient (nitrogen) signals to co-ordinate primary and secondary metabolism are discussed, together with new concepts of cross-talk, transport and signalling, and how such molecular networks influence nitrogen and carbon cycling processes in the environment. Annual Plant Reviews, Volume 42: Nitrogen Metabolism in Plants in the Post-genomic Era is an essential purchase for advanced students, researchers and professionals in plant sciences, biochemistry, physiology, molecular biology, genetics and agricultural sciences, working in the academic and industrial sectors. Libraries in all universities and research establishments where these subjects are studied and taught will need copies of this excellent volume on their shelves.
Download or read book Drought Adaptation in Common Bean Phaseolus Vulgaris L written by Ahmed Omar Jama and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetics and Physiology of Drought Adaptation in Wild and Domesticated Common Bean Phaseolus Vulgaris L of the Mesoamerican Gene Pool written by Jorge Carlos Berny Mier y Teran and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drought is the main constraint in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) production. Although breeding efforts to increase drought resistance have shown gains in productivity, their full potential remains untapped. Improvements have been limited by the complexity of the trait involved, limited germplasm recombination, and most importantly, the poorly understood genetic basis of tolerance. To gain information about the genetics and mechanism(s) of drought adaptation, I explored the genetic diversity of wild and domesticated Mesoamerican gene pool of the species through genetic analyses in natural, bi-parental, and multi-parental populations. In the first chapter, I evaluated root and shoot traits in a large panel of wild accessions and reference domesticated cultivars, both from the Mesoamerican distribution of common bean, in a greenhouse tube experiment. The domesticated beans were, in general, more vigorous and deeper-rooted than wild beans. Nevertheless, some wild beans were outstanding in their productivity and rooting capacity. A comparison of the measured phenotypic traits with the climatic and soil characteristics of the location of origin of the individual wild bean accessions showed that most traits were significantly associated with mean annual temperature and aridity. The most deeply rooted and productive accessions originated from the driest regions. Each wild accession was genotyped with both a SNP array and a GBS platform; three populations of wild bean accessions were identified, of which the most productive, deeply rooted, and more drought-tolerant population, originating from Central and North-West Mexico and Oaxaca. Through genome-wide association analyses, genomic regions associated with productivity, root depth, and drought adaptation were identified. Some co-located with regions showing signals of selection suggesting that drought stress is a driver of local adaptation in wild common beans.In the second chapter, I investigated the effects of drought stress on the genetic architecture of photosynthate allocation and remobilization in pods, one of the main mechanisms of drought resistance and overall productivity. A bi-parental recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of the Mesoamerican gene pool was evaluated in field conditions under well-watered conditions and terminal and intermittent drought stress in two years. There was a significant effect of the water regime and year on pod harvest index (PHI), a measure of the partition of seed biomass to pod biomass, its components, phenology and grain yield at the phenotypic and QTL level. QTLs for pod harvest index, including a major, stable QTL on chromosome Pv07 was detected. For grain yield, the QTLs were not stable; however, three were detected for the overall mean across environments. There was differential co-localization of the components of PHI, co-localizing mainly with either the pod wall, seed mass, or both. Three of the eight yield QTLs co-localized with PHI QTLs, underlying the importance of photosynthate remobilization in productivity. Epistasis explained a considerable part of the variation, especially for PHI and yield. In the third chapter, to further test the value of wild variation as compared with the domesticated forms, joint linkage mapping of nested populations was carried out in three newly develop domesticated by wild backcrossed recombinant inbred line populations. The populations were developed by crossing three wild accessions representing the extreme range of rainfall of the Mesoamerican wild bean distribution to an elite drought resistant domesticated parent. Grain yield was evaluated under field conditions in two fully irrigated trials in two seasons and a simulated terminal drought in the second season. The highest yielding populations were the populations from the lower part of the rainfall distribution. The populations were genotyped and a consensus map was developed containing 721 SNP markers. Twenty QTLs were found in 13 unique regions on eight chromosomes. At least one wild allele with a significant positive additive effect was found in five of these regions. The additive effects of all the QTLs ranged from -164 to 277 kg ha−1, with some evidence of allelic series. The variation explained by these QTLs ranged from 0.6 to 5.4 % of the total variation. These results underlie the potential of wild variation for bean crop improvement as well the identification of regions for efficient marker-assisted introgression and candidate genes.
Download or read book The Plant Family Fabaceae written by Mirza Hasanuzzaman and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-07-01 with total page 547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book comprehensively introduces all aspects of the physiology, stress responses and tolerance to abiotic stresses of the Fabaceae plants. Different plant families have been providing food, fodder, fuel, medicine and other basic needs for the human and animal since the ancient time. Among the plant families Fabaceae have special importance for their agri-horticultural importance and multifarious uses apart from the basic needs. Interest in the response of Fabaceae plants toward abiotic stresses is growing considering the economic importance and the special adaptive mechanisms. Recent advances and developments in molecular and biotechnological tools has contributed to ease and wider this mission. This book provides up-to-date findings that will be of greater use for the students and researchers, particularly Plant Physiologists, Environmental Scientists, Biotechnologists, Botanists, Food Scientists and Agronomists, to get the information on the recent advances on this plant family in regard to physiology and stress tolerance.
Download or read book Managing Soil Drought written by Rattan Lal and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2024-06-10 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Global drylands, covering over 40% of Earth’s land surface, are important among worldwide ecoregions and support large human and livestock populations. However, these ecologically sensitive ecoregions are undergoing a rapid transformation resulting from climate change, socioeconomic and political factors, increases in population, and ever-growing demands for goods and services. Managing Soil Drought addresses basic processes and provides specific case studies throughout covering the protection, restoration, and sustainable management goals of global drylands under changing and harsh climatic conditions, including fragile and vulnerable ecosystems. The book is written by numerous researchers, academicians, practitioners, advocates, land managers, and policymakers involved in bringing about transformation in these regions important to human and nature. It includes information on basic strategies of sustainable management of global drylands aimed at improving water use efficiency through choosing appropriate species, developing new varieties, using organic and inorganic amendments, and scaling up innovative farming systems. This volume in the Advances in Soil Sciences series is an essential read for development organizations and policymakers involved in improving crop productivity and sustainability in drought-prone regions; students, researchers, and academicians interested in sustainable management of water resources; and those involved in emerging concepts of regenerative agriculture, agroecology, and conservation agriculture.
