Download or read book Physiological Morphological and Spectral Reflectance Characteristics of Kentucky Bluegrass Texas Bluegrass and Their Hybrids in Response to Water Stress written by Ploense Mary Rebecca and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physiological Response of Kentucky Bluegrass Under Salinity Stress written by Lijun Wang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance of Texas Bluegrass Hybrids in the Transition Zone written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High temperature and drought may reduce quality in cool-season turfgrasses during summer in the transition zone. Texas bluegrass hybrids (HBG) are genetic crosses between native Texas bluegrass (Poa arachnifera Torr.) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) (KBG) that resemble KBG but may have greater drought and heat resistance than other cool-season grasses. The objectives of four studies were to evaluate high temperature, drought, and lower mowing height effects on HBG compared with KBG ('Apollo') and tall fescue (Festuca arundincea Schreb.)(TF, 'Dynasty'), compare their rooting characteristics, and investigate their membrane lipid molecular species compositional differences. Under high temperature (35/25[degrees]C, 14h light/10h darkness), HBG ('Thermal Blue') had greater quality and gross photosynthesis (Pg), and lower electrolyte leakage than KBG and TF in a growth chamber study. The combination of high temperature and drought (60% ET replacement) caused rapid declines in quality, but HBG generally performed better. In field and greenhouse studies, TF had more roots deeper in the profile than two HBG ('Reveille' and Thermal Blue) and KBG under well-watered conditions. In the field, quality and Pg were greatest in TF among turfgrasses. Performances in quality and Pg generally ranked: TF> Reveille>= Thermal Blue = KBG. In a separate mowing height and drought field study, HBG (Thermal Blue) generally had lower quality and Pg than KBG at both high (7.62 cm) and low (3.81 cm) heights but particularly at the low height. Drought resistance and tolerance to low mowing in Thermal Blue was similar to or poorer than in KBG. Under supra-optimum temperature (35 /25[degrees]C and 40 /30[degrees]C, 14h light/10h darkness), the ratio of digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG) to monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG) was highest in HBG (Thermal Blue) and lowest in TF. Heat tolerance was also associated with higher phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) content, higher phosphatidylglycerol (PG) content, and reduced overall unsaturation compared with heat-sensitive. Results suggest that 40 membrane lipid molecules are potential biomarkers for heat tolerance and that compositional changes in lipids in response to heat may contribute to differences in heat tolerance among cool-season grasses. Generally, studies indicated greater heat resistance, but not drought resistance, in HBG than in KBG or TF.
Download or read book A Review on Kentucky Bluegrass Responses and Tolerance to Drought Stress written by Yajun Chen and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is an excellent cool-season turfgrass and is extensively used in urban green space, parks and sports fields worldwide, but it is sensitive to drought stress. Drought reduces turf quality of Kentucky bluegrass by influences on the shoot density, texture, uniformity, color, growth habit and recuperative capacity. It has been a challenge for breeding water saving cultivars and enhances water use efficiency in Kentucky bluegrass. Many studies have revealed the mechanisms of drought stress tolerance in Kentucky bluegrass via multiple approaches. The morphological and physiological attributes as well as molecular information were discovered for better understanding and improving its drought tolerance. In this chapter, we will draw a systematic literature review about Kentucky bluegrass in response to drought stress and provide future perspectives of Kentucky bluegrass drought resistance research.
Download or read book Development and Characterization of Texas Bluegrass X Kentucky Bluegrass Interspecific Hybrids for the Southern United States written by Meghyn Brianne Meeks and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) and tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) are commonly grown cool-season grasses in the United States for home lawns and various sports turf applications. However, environmental conditions such as prolonged periods of drought and heat as well as heavy shade often result in a loss of visual appeal, early dormancy, or death of the turf stand. Hybrid bluegrass (Poa spp.) cultivars derived from Texas bluegrass (P. arachnifera Torr.) x Kentucky bluegrass interspecific crosses may serve as viable alternatives for perennial turfgrass in the southern United States. Methods to aid in the breeding and selection of Texas x Kentucky bluegrasses for these environmental conditions would be useful. The goals of this research were to 1) develop new interspecific hybrid bluegrasses and optimize a seed germination technique, 2) use flow cytometry and molecular markers for the characterization of hybrid progeny, and 3) evaluate the growth response and performance of hybrid bluegrasses maintained in shade. In 2012 and 2013, controlled pollinations were made between different Poa species. Seed from these crosses were germinated through two different techniques that resulted in 61 new interspecific hybrids. A higher percentage of individuals (89%) were recovered through germination on nutrient agar medium than soil. In addition to these hybrids, 52 Texas x Kentucky hybrids created in 2001 were tested for three years in multiple locations across the southern states and the transition zone. Experimental hybrid TAES 5653, registered as DALBG 1201, was the superior genotype. Flow cytometry was used to estimate the DNA content of 19 Texas bluegrass genotypes, and four Texas x Kentucky bluegrass hybrids from two different pedigrees. Variability in DNA content suggested variability in the ploidy levels of Texas bluegrass. Texas x Kentucky bluegrass interspecific hybrids had an intermediate DNA content demonstrating flow cytometry can identify true hybrids between parents with vastly different DNA content. A thioredoxin-like (trx) nuclear gene was also useful in identifying true Texas x Kentucky bluegrass hybrids. A distinctive 851 bp trx allele with a 163 bp insertion site was also identified. The insertion is evidently a transposable element that may help to elucidate ancestors of Texas bluegrass. Another study was conducted to develop a method of comparing Texas x Kentucky bluegrass hybrids to commercial cultivars for shade tolerance. It was determined that evaluations should be conducted in the spring to early summer months using moderate shade (50%) levels, and high turfgrass quality and slower leaf elongation rates as selective traits. Trinexapac-ethyl was not necessary to reduce the leaf elongation rate or increase quality of dwarf hybrids under shade. In summary, several methods have been tested to generate and evaluate new Texas x Kentucky bluegrass hybrids. Seed germination conducted under controlled conditions using agar medium, and flow cytometry and the trx nuclear gene can be employed in bluegrass breeding programs to identify true interspecific hybrids. Finally, improved dwarf-type hybrid bluegrasses, such as DALBG 1201 and TAES 5654, seem to have enhanced shade tolerance and potential for use as perennial turfgrass alternatives in the southern and transition zone regions of the United States. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/155246
Download or read book Genetic Diversity of Kentucky Bluegrass Genotypes in Morphological Agronomic and Abiotic Stress Tolerance Characteristics written by Robert R. Shortell and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is a perennial turfgrass species that is widely adapted to many distinct environments. Kentucky bluegrass reproduces through an asexual process called apomixis, resulting in many unique and distinctly different cultivars with specific niche uses. Therefore it is important to quantify and classify the broad range of adaptations within this species. The objectives of this study were to: i. Classify Kentucky bluegrass genotypes based on morphological and agronomic traits and determine their inheritance patterns, ii. Evaluate the range of variability Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections exhibit in response to a novel annual bluegrass control, bispyribac-sodium herbicide, iii. Determine the effects of fertilizer on the response of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections to bispyribac-sodium herbicide, and iv. Evaluate the diversity of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections in their rooting ability under heat stress. To do this a number of experiments were designed between the summers of 2004 and 2008 at the Rutgers University Plant Science Research Farms in Adelphia and New Brunswick, NJ. There is variation in morphological and agronomic traits in Kentucky bluegrass leading to a 12 group classification system based on the cultivars and selections evaluated. The traits that define these types are highly heritable. There is a differential response among Kentucky bluegrass cultivars and selections to bispyribac-sodium herbicide with some exhibiting almost complete tolerance and others complete susceptibility. Fertilizer can offset the injury associated with bispyribac-sodium herbicide on some cultivars, but actually increases the injury seen on others. There is variation in the rooting ability of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars under heat stress and based on the work of others it should be possible to select for and improve upon this trait. Kentucky bluegrass is a high quality turfgrass species with many distinct uses and based on these results the selection and management of Kentucky bluegrass cultivars is greatly simplified leading to proper cultivar use and long-term persistence.
Download or read book Morphological and Physiological Growth Responses of Kentucky Bluegrass to Foliar Applications of Iron a Cytokinin and Growth Regulator like Chemicals written by James Michael Jr Goatley and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Water Use and Summer Stress Tolerance Mechanisms for Creeping Bentgrass and Kentucky Bluegrass written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 186 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stoloniferia) and Kentucky bluegrass (Poa Pratensis L.) are two widely-used cool-season grasses grown extensively in northern regions of the United States. Creeping bentgrass is primarily used on golf courses, while Kentucky bluegrass has extensive uses in both home lawns and sports fields. Each of these areas of use are coming under increased scrutiny in regards to water management and conservation. Communities are increasingly putting greater restrictions on both the amount and type of water that can be used for irrigating golf courses, sports fields, and home lawns. The focus of our project was to develop a greater understanding of these grasses' water use, as a way to establish ideal water management practices. The field portion of the project focused on irrigation frequency as applied to three bentgrass species maintained as golf course fairways. Results suggested that reducing frequency and watering one or two times per week, while still replacing 100% of evapotranspiration (ET), produced equivalent, if not improved turf quality, and actually held water deeper in the soil profile, reducing evaporation losses to the atmosphere. In addition to the field portion of the project, experiments were conducted in growth chambers evaluating both creeping bentgrass and Kentucky bluegrass physiological responses to drought and summer stress. Specific findings suggested that exfoliar application of abscisic acid (ABA) or trinexapac-ethyl, a giberrelin inhibitor, significantly improved plant drought tolerance. Further research evaluated genotypic variation between varieties of these species, suggesting that both tolerance and avoidance traits are employed to protect plant physiological function under water deficit.
Download or read book Index to American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 1252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physiological Response of Kentucky Bluegrass to Different Management Treatments written by Maurice Lewellen Peterson and published by . This book was released on 1946 with total page 174 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Physical Characteristics of Kentucky Bluegrass Turf written by Andrew D. Brede and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Effects of Irrigation and Traffic Stresses on Physiological Responses and Water Use Characteristics of Creeping Bentgrass and Annual Bluegrass written by Kevin Laskowski and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Turfgrass Science and Culture written by James B Beard and published by Prentice Hall. This book was released on 1972 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A classic and best-selling text for sod and turfgrass courses covering lawnkeeping and athletic groundskeeping.
Download or read book Stress Responses of Kentucky Bluegrass Varieties in Monostands and Blends written by Jeffrey Colin Dunne and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 117 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Stress Tolerance written by Ramanjulu Sunkar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cotton Breeding and Biotechnology written by Zulqurnain Khan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2022-03-14 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cotton Breeding and Biotechnology presents information on one of the most economically important crops of the world, cotton. This book contains chapters on the history of cotton; breeding approaches; technologies for increasing germination, crop growth and yield; and fiber quality issues. It emphasizes sustainable development in the cotton industry analysing the progress of breeding technologies under environmental adversity. The book explores the national and global status of cotton crop, including cotton production, possible impacts of climate change, and the vulnerability of cotton to pest infestations and disease attacks. Features Focuses on cotton breeding and biotechnology Proposes ideas, data, and strategies to mount breeding programs for enhancing cotton production Details strategies for cotton quality improvement against abiotic and biotic stresses Emphasizes the revival of cotton in Pakistan and South Asian region This book is useful to researchers, cotton breeders and growers, farmers, and the agriculture industry.
