Download or read book Physical Processes in Solar Flares written by B.V. Somov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Solar flares are very complex electromagnetic phenomena of a cataclysmic nature. Particles are accelerated to very high velocities and a variety of physical processes happen inside and outside flares. These processes can be studied by a large number of techniques from Earth and from space. The aim is to discover the physics behind solar flares. This goal is complicated because information about the flare mechanism can be obtained only in an indirect way by studying the secondary effects. This book provides three stages in the solution of the solar flare problem. Chapter one describes the connection between observational data and theoretical concepts, where it is stressed that next to investigating flares, the related non-stationary large-scale phenomena must be studied as well. The second chapter deals with secondary physical processes, in particular the study of high-temperature plasma dynamics during impulsive heating. The last chapter presents a model built on the knowledge of the two previous chapters and it constructs a theory of non-neutral turbulent current sheets. The author believes that this model will help to solve the problem of solar flares. For solar physicists, plasma physicists, high-energy particle physicists.
Download or read book Particle Acceleration and Kinematics in Solar Flares written by Markus Aschwanden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the last decade we entered a new exploration phase of solar flare physics, equipped with powerful spacecraft such as Yohkoh, SoHO, and TRACE that pro vide us detail-rich and high-resolution images of solar flares in soft X-rays, hard X -rays, and extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths. Moreover, the large-area and high sensitivity detectors on the Compton GRO spacecraft recorded an unprecedented number of high-energy photons from solar flares that surpasses all detected high energy sources taken together from the rest of the universe, for which CGRO was mainly designed to explore. However, morphological descriptions of these beau tiful pictures and statistical catalogs of these huge archives of solar data would not convey us much understanding of the underlying physics, if we would not set out to quantify physical parameters from these data and would not subject these measurements to theoretical models. Historically, there has always been an unsatisfactory gap between traditional astronomy that dutifully describes the mor phology of observations, and the newer approach of astrophysics, which starts with physical concepts from first principles and analyzes astronomical data with the goal to confirm or disprove theoretical models. In this review we attempt to bridge this yawning gap and aim to present the recent developments in solar flare high-energy physics from a physical point of view, structuring the observations and analysis results according to physical processes, such as particle acceleration, propagation, energy loss, kinematics, and radiation signatures.
Download or read book High Energy Aspects of Solar Flares written by A. Gordon Emslie and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-08-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume describes many aspects of current research on solar flares, emphasizing recent progress in understanding their X-ray and gamma-ray emissions. Several of the chapters deal comprehensively with the problems of particle acceleration, conversion of particle energy into various forms of radiation, and the inference of physical processes from observations. Other chapters deal with the full breadth and richness of flare observations, including microflares and nanoflares. This volume is aimed at graduate students and researchers in solar physics and space science. Previously published in Space Science Reviews journal, Vol. 159/1-4, 2011.
Download or read book The Physics of Solar Flares written by Einar Tandberg-Hanssen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1988-11-17 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authors explore solar flares by applying physics and theoretical investigations.
Download or read book Handbook of Cosmic Hazards and Planetary Defense written by Joseph N. Pelton and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covers in a comprehensive fashion all aspects of cosmic hazards and possible strategies for contending with these threats through a comprehensive planetary defense strategy. This handbook brings together in a single reference work a rich blend of information about the various types of cosmic threats that are posed to human civilization by asteroids, comets, bolides, meteors, solar flares and coronal mass ejections, cosmic radiation and other types of threats that are only recently beginning to be understood and studied, such as investigation of the “cracks” in the protective shield provided by the Van Allen belts and the geomagnetosphere, of matter-antimatter collisions, orbital debris and radiological or biological contamination. Some areas that are addressed involve areas about which there is a good deal of information that has been collected for many decades by multiple space missions run by many different space agencies, observatories and scientific researchers. Other areas involving research and studies that have only recently gotten underway are discussed by some of the world’s foremost experts in each of these areas, who provide up-to-date and scientifically verifiable information. Although much of the work in these various areas have been conducted by space agencies, an expanding range of work is also being carried out by observatories, by universities and other research centers, and even by private foundations and professional organizations. The purpose of this work is thus several-fold: to include the latest information and most systematic research from around the world in a single reference work; to note where there are significant gaps in knowledge where new research, spacecraft, observatories, or other initiatives are needed to fill in critical missing information; and to give the best possible information about preventative actions that might be taken against cosmic threats and identify various alternative strategies that are now under way or planned to cope with these various threats.
Download or read book Physics of the Sun written by P.A. Sturrock and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, together with its two companion volumes, originated in a study commis sioned by the United States National Academy of Sciences on behalf of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. A committee composed of Tom Holzer, Dimitri Mihalas, Roger Ulrich and myself was asked to prepare a comprehensive review of current knowledge concerning the physics of the sun. We were fortunate in being able to persuade many distinguished scientists to gather their forces for the preparation of 21 separate chapters covering not only. solar physics but also relevant areas of astrophysics and solar-terrestrial relations. In proved necessary to divide the chapters into three separate volumes that cover three different aspects of solar physics. Volumes I and III are concerned with "The Solar Interior" and with "Astrophysics and Solar-Terrestrial Relations." This volume, devoted to "The Solar Atmosphere," covers not only the chromosphere and corona but also the principal phenomena usually referred to as "solar activity." The emphasis is on identifying and analyzing the relevant physical processes, but each chapter also contains a great deal of descriptive material.
Download or read book The Solar Activity Cycle written by André Balogh and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-04-16 with total page 594 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A collection of papers edited by four experts in the field, this book sets out to describe the way solar activity is manifested in observations of the solar interior, the photosphere, the chromosphere, the corona and the heliosphere. The 11-year solar activity cycle, more generally known as the sunspot cycle, is a fundamental property of the Sun. This phenomenon is the generation and evolution of magnetic fields in the Sun’s convection zone, the photosphere. It is only by the careful enumeration and description of the phenomena and their variations that one can clarify their interdependences. The sunspot cycle has been tracked back about four centuries, and it has been recognized that to make this data set a really useful tool in understanding how the activity cycle works and how it can be predicted, a very careful and detailed effort is needed to generate sunspot numbers. This book deals with this topic, together with several others that present related phenomena that all indicate the physical processes that take place in the Sun and its exterior environment. The reviews in the book also present the latest theoretical and modelling studies that attempt to explain the activity cycle. It remains true, as has been shown in the unexpected characteristics of the first two solar cycles in the 21st century, that predictability remains a serious challenge. Nevertheless, the highly expert and detailed reviews in this book, using the very best solar observations from both ground- and space based telescopes, provide the best possible report on what is known and what is yet to be discovered. Originally published in Space Science Reviews, Vol 186, Issues 1-4, 2014.
Download or read book The Physics of Solar Flares written by Einar Tandberg-Hanssen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2009-07-16 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Few phenomena have stirred the imaginations of solar scientists as much as the explosive energy of solar flares. In The Physics of Solar Flares, first published in 1988, Einar Tandberg-Hanssen and A. Gordon Emslie approach this subject by drawing heavily on experimental data from the Solar Maximum Mission, as well as other ground-based and space-borne instruments. The data are incorporated into many theoretical investigations. The authors put the main emphasis on understanding the underlying physical processes. Starting from the language of physics, the authors guide the reader into the more specialised concepts of solar physics. The book is divided into two main parts: four chapters set the essentials of physics needed to attack the complexities of flare phenomena, and then a further four treat different aspects of the phenomena. This important book is aimed primarily at beginning graduate students who are assumed to have knowledge of basic physics.
Download or read book Heliophysics Space Storms and Radiation Causes and Effects written by Carolus J. Schrijver and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-05-06 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heliophysics is a fast-developing scientific discipline that integrates studies of the Sun's variability, the surrounding heliosphere, and the environment and climate of planets. The Sun is a magnetically variable star and for planets with intrinsic magnetic fields, planets with atmospheres, or planets like Earth with both, there are profound consequences. This 2010 volume, the second in this series of three heliophysics texts, integrates the many aspects of space storms and the energetic radiation associated with them - from causes on the Sun to effects in planetary environments. It reviews the physical processes in solar flares and coronal mass ejections, interplanetary shocks, and particle acceleration and transport, and considers many space weather responses in geospace. In addition to its utility as a textbook, it also constitutes a foundational reference for researchers in fields from heliophysics to climate science. Additional online resources, including lecture presentations and other teaching materials, are available at www.cambridge.org/9780521760515.
Download or read book Solar Flares and Collisions between Current Carrying Loops written by Jun-Ichi Sakai and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-10-13 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume we compare modem observations of solar flares with results from recent theoretical research and simulation studies on current-carrying loops and their interaction. These topics have undergone rapid developments in the course of recent years. Observational results by X-ray monitoring and imaging spacecraft in the seventies and by dedicated imaging instrumentation in the satellites Solar Max imum Mission and Hinotori, launched 1980 and 1981, have shown the importance of X-ray imaging for understanding the ignition processes of solar flares. Such observations, in tum, stimulated theoretical studies, centered around the flux-tube concept. The classical idea that flares originate by interaction of current-carrying loops was developed and proved to be promising. Concepts on reconnection and coalescence of flux tubes were developed, and their consequences studied. The Yohkoh spacecraft, launched 1991, showed the overwhelming importance of coro nal flux tubes and their many possible ways of interaction. Subsequent and parallel theoretical studies and simulations, differentiating between the topology of interact ing fluxtubes, demonstrated that the mutual positioning and the way of interaction are important for the subsequent processes of energy release in flares and the many associated phenomena such as the expUlsion of jets and the emission of X -ray and microwave radiation. The new developments now enable researchers to understand and classify flares in a physically significant way. Various processes of accelera tion are active in and after flares on greatly varying timescales; these can now be distinguished and explained.
Download or read book The Sun as a Guide to Stellar Physics written by Oddbjørn Engvold and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-11-15 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Sun as a Guide to Stellar Physics illustrates the significance of the Sun in understanding stars through an examination of the discoveries and insights gained from solar physics research. Ranging from theories to modeling and from numerical simulations to instrumentation and data processing, the book provides an overview of what we currently understand and how the Sun can be a model for gaining further knowledge about stellar physics. Providing both updates on recent developments in solar physics and applications to stellar physics, this book strengthens the solar–stellar connection and summarizes what we know about the Sun for the stellar, space, and geophysics communities. Applies observations, theoretical understanding, modeling capabilities and physical processes first revealed by the sun to the study of stellar physics Illustrates how studies of Proxima Solaris have led to progress in space science, stellar physics and related fields Uses characteristics of solar phenomena as a guide for understanding the physics of stars
Download or read book Sun Earth and Sky written by Kenneth R. Lang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FROM THE REVIEWS "An excellent guide to present-day studies of the Sun and our stars impact on Earths space environmentcolorful (and useful) images and a thoughtful organization.A great read, written with enthusiasm and knowledge. " "An excellent guidea serious yet broadly accessible account of what science has learned about the Sun to date. With quotes from songs and poems, pictures ranging from impressionistic paintings to state-of-the-art photographs to computer graphics, this book is a delight."
Download or read book Physics of Geomagnetic Phenomena written by S. Matsushita and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-03 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Physics of Geomagnetic phenomena, Volume I covers the significant advances in geomagnetism and the penetrations into the generation of geomagnetic field phenomena. This volume is composed of three chapters. Chapter I deals briefly with the discovery and developments in geomagnetism, followed by discussions on some fundamental topics of the field, including the aurora and geomagnetic storms. This chapter also considers the instruments, geomagnetic stations, and the correlations between geomagnetic indices. Chapter II describes the magnetic properties of minerals and various processes of acquisition of remanent magnetization. This chapter also provides palaeomagnetic data for the direction and intensity of the geomagnetic field in ancient times. Chapter III explores geomagnetic variations caused by solar flares and eclipses. This book will prove useful to physicists, students in upper atmospheric and space topics, and scientists in allied fields with a background in geomagnetism.
Download or read book Recent Advances in the Understanding of Solar Flares written by S.R. Kane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These Proceedings result from the papers and discussions of the U.S.-Japan Seminar "Recent Advances in the Understanding of Solar Flares" held in Tokyo October 5-8, 1982. The meeting was sponsored jointly by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and the u.S. National Science Foundation. The principal aim of the meeting was to obtain the most up-to-date physical picture of solar flares by bringing together results from the recent observations by the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) and HINOTORI satellites, together with other satellite data and ground-based data at both optical and radio wavelengths. These data cover the recent maximum of the solar activity cycle. The SMM and HINOTORI introduced a new dimension in flare observations by carrying out the first hard X-ray imaging observations, and the organizers especially felt that an intense discussion of the significance of these results in the context of flare theories would be important. Starting with an introductory presentation of the characteristics of the instruments on board the satellites, the sessions of the first day and the beginning of the second dealt mainly with energy transport in flares and with .the formation process of the hot plasma which is .
Download or read book A Study of Physical Mechanisms for Filament Eruption and Coronal Mass Ejection Via Numerical Simulation written by National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-06-28 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: It is well-known from both observation and theory that photospheric shear motion has played a key role in physical processes of the energy build-up and release for the solar flare. In order to further our understanding of the occurrence of solar flares it is necessary to investigate the triggering mechanism. One popular scenario for the onset of eruptive solar flares is that in response to photospheric shear motions the magnetic field evolves slowly through a series of magnetohydrodynamic-equilibria until a threshold is reached where magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) non-equilibrium sets in. Thus, a magnetic eruption occurs, causing the solar flare. To substantiate this claim we have employed our newly developed three-dimensional time-dependent MHD code with gravity to simulate the evolution of the coronal field. We use plasma beta = 0.1 to closely approximate the condition in the actual corona. Some preliminary results are presented. Wu, S. T. Unspecified Center NAGW-9...
Download or read book Solar Dynamics and its Effects on the Heliosphere and Earth written by Daniel Baker and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-11-24 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume helps the reader to understand the ways and means of how dynamical phenomena are generated at the Sun, how they travel through the Heliosphere, and how they affect Earth. It provides an integrated account of the three principal chains of events all the way from the Sun to Earth: the normal solar wind, coronal mass ejections, and solar energetic particles.
Download or read book The Sun the Solar Wind and the Heliosphere written by Mari Paz Miralles and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-01-06 with total page 379 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume represents the state of the art of the science covered by the International Association of Geomagnetism and Aeronomy (IAGA) Division IV: Solar Wind and Interplanetary Field. It contains a collection of contributions by top experts addressing and reviewing a variety of topics included under the umbrella of the division. It covers subjects that extend from the interior of the Sun to the heliopause, and from the study of physical processes in the Sun and the solar wind plasma to space weather forecasts. The book is organized in 6 parts: the solar interior, the solar atmosphere, the heliosphere, heliophysical processes, radio emissions, and coordinated science in the Sun-Earth system. In addition, we highlight some of the results presented during the IAGA Division IV symposia in the 11th Scientific Assembly of IAGA in Sopron, Hungary, on 23-30 August 2009, which was planned simultaneously with this book.
