Download or read book Physical Chemistry of Cold Gas Phase Functional Molecules and Clusters written by Takayuki Ebata and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-08-02 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes advanced research on the structures and photochemical properties of polyatomic molecules and molecular clusters having various functionalities under cold gas-phase conditions. Target molecules are crown ethers, polypeptides, large size protonated clusters, metal clusters, and other complex polyatomic molecules of special interest. A variety of advanced frequency and time-domain laser spectroscopic methods are applied. The book begins with the principle of an experimental setup for cold gas-phase molecules and various laser spectroscopic methods, followed by chapters on investigation of specific molecular systems. Through a molecular-level approach and analysis by quantum chemical calculation, it is possible to learn how atomic and molecular-level interactions (van der Waals, hydrogen-bonding, and others) control the specific properties of molecules and clusters. Those properties include molecular recognition, induced fitting, chirality, proton and hydrogen transfer, isomerization, and catalytic reaction. The information will be applicable to the design of new types of functional molecules and nanoparticles in the broad area that includes applied chemistry, drug delivery systems, and catalysts.
Download or read book Noble Gas Chemistry written by Felice Grandinetti and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-06-22 with total page 359 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by one of the world's leading experts in the chemistry of lighter noble gases, this comprehensive monograph fills the need for an up-to-date review of the diverse experimental techniques and theoretical methods currently in practice. After reviewing the experiments breaking the paradigm of "non-reactive" noble gases, the physico-chemical background is introduced. Besides the emphasis on gas phase reactions, the author presents other relevant systems, such as chemistry in the bulk phase, under high pressure, and cold matrices. The discussion of gas-phase chemistry of the noble gases covers neutral and ionic compounds, diatomic molecules, complexes with small molecules and metal compounds, up to large clusters.
Download or read book Structure and Properties of Atomic Nanoclusters written by Julio A. Alonso and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2012 with total page 492 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atomic clusters are aggregates of atoms containing a few to several thousand atoms. Due to the small size of these pieces of matter, the properties of atomic clusters in general are different from those of the corresponding material in the macroscopic bulk phase. This monograph presents the main developments of atomic clusters and the current status of the field. The book treats different types of clusters with very different properties: clusters in which the atoms or molecules are tied by weak van der Waals interactions, metallic clusters, clusters of ionic materials, and network clusters made of typical covalent elements. It includes methods of experimental cluster synthesis as well as the structural, electronic, thermodynamic and magnetic properties of clusters, covering both experiments and the theoretical work that has led to our present understanding of the different properties of clusters. The question of assembling nanoclusters to form solids with new properties is also considered. Having an adequate knowledge of the properties of clusters can be of great help to any scientist working with objects of nanometric size. On the other hand, nanoclusters are themselves potentially important in fields like catalysis and nanomedicine.
Download or read book Manipulation of Matrix Isolated Molecules and Molecular Clusters with Electrostatic Fields written by Youngwook Park and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the manipulation of molecular properties, such as orientation, structure, and dynamics, of small molecules and molecular clusters isolated in cold inert matrices by using unprecedentedly strong external electrostatic fields. Manipulation of molecules with controllable external forces is a dream of chemists. Molecules are inherently quantum-mechanical systems, control of which potentially can lead to quantum technology, such as quantum sensing and computing. This book demonstrates a combination of the ice film nanocapacitor method and the matrix isolation technique enabled the application of intense external dc electric fields across the isolated molecules and molecular clusters. Changes in molecular states induced by fields were monitored by means of vibrational spectroscopy. Also, the book presents manipulations of the inversion tunneling dynamics of ammonia molecule and the dislocation of acidic proton in hydrogen chloride–water complex. The book shows that the vibrational spectroscopy with the aid of unprecedentedly strong dc electric field can provide rich information on the electrostatic behaviors of molecules and molecular clusters, which underlie the understanding of intermolecular processes and molecular manipulation.
Download or read book Low Temperatures and Cold Molecules written by Ian W. M. Smith and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2008 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book brings together, for the first time, the results of recent research in areas ranging from the chemistry of cold interstellar clouds (10-20 K), through laboratory studies of the spectroscopy and kinetics of ions, radicals and molecules, to studies of molecules in liquid helium droplets, to attempts to create molecular (as distinct from atomic) Bose-Einstein condensates.
Download or read book An Introduction to Cold and Ultracold Chemistry written by Jesús Pérez Ríos and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-05 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides advanced undergraduate and graduate students with an overview of the fundamentals of cold and ultracold chemistry. Beginning with definitions of what cold and ultracold temperatures mean in chemistry, the book then takes the student through the essentials of scattering theory (classical and quantum mechanical), light-matter interaction, reaction dynamics and Rydberg physics. The author aims to show the reader the richness of the topic while motivating students to understand the fundamentals of these intriguing reactions and underlying connecting relationships. Including material which was previously only found in specialized review articles, this book provides students working in the fields of ultracold gases, chemical physics and physical chemistry with the tools they need to immerse themselves in the realm of cold and ultracold chemistry. This book opens up the exciting chemical laws which govern chemistry at low temperatures to the next generation of researchers.
Download or read book Physics and Chemistry of Small Clusters written by P. Jena and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 932 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in experimental techniques now enable researchers to produce in a laboratory clusters of atoms of desired composition from any of the elements of the periodic table. This has created a new area of research into novel materials since clusters cannot be regarded either as a "large" molecule or as a fragment of the bulk. Both experimental and theoretical studies are revealing unusual properties that are not ob served in solid state environments. The structures of micro-clusters are found to be significantly distorted from the most symmetric arrangement, some even exhibiting pentagonal symmetry commonly found in icosahedric structures. The unusual stability of certain clusters, now described as "magic number species", shows striking similarities with the nuclear shell structure. The relative stabilities of clusters depend not only on the composition of the clusters but also on their charged states. The studies on spontaneous fragmentation of mUltiply charged clusters, commonly referred to as Coulomb explosion, illustrate the role of electronic bonding mechanisms on stability of clusters. The effect of foreign atoms on geometry and stability of clusters and the interaction of gas atoms with clusters are showing promise for an indepth understanding of chemisorption and catalysis. The magnetic and optical properties are dependent not only on cluster size but also on its geometry. These findings have the potential for aiding industry in the area of micro-electronics and catalysis.
Download or read book Chemistry Within Molecular Clusters written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A review of our gas phase cluster work with potential application to the generation of new materials (i.e, cluster assembled thin films).
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry written by John H. Moore and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2023-07-03 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Encyclopedia of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics introduces possibly unfamiliar areas, explains important experimental and computational techniques, and describes modern endeavors. The encyclopedia quickly provides the basics, defines the scope of each subdiscipline, and indicates where to go for a more complete and detailed explanation. Particular attention has been paid to symbols and abbreviations to make this a user-friendly encyclopedia. Care has been taken to ensure that the reading level is suitable for the trained chemist or physicist. The encyclopedia is divided in three major sections: FUNDAMENTALS: the mechanics of atoms and molecules and their interactions, the macroscopic and statistical description of systems at equilibrium, and the basic ways of treating reacting systems. The contributions in this section assume a somewhat less sophisticated audience than the two subsequent sections. At least a portion of each article inevitably covers material that might also be found in a modern, undergraduate physical chemistry text. METHODS: the instrumentation and fundamental theory employed in the major spectroscopic techniques, the experimental means for characterizing materials, the instrumentation and basic theory employed in the study of chemical kinetics, and the computational techniques used to predict the static and dynamic properties of materials. APPLICATIONS: specific topics of current interest and intensive research. For the practicing physicist or chemist, this encyclopedia is the place to start when confronted with a new problem or when the techniques of an unfamiliar area might be exploited. For a graduate student in chemistry or physics, the encyclopedia gives a synopsis of the basics and an overview of the range of activities in which physical principles are applied to chemical problems. It will lead any of these groups to the salient points of a new field as rapidly as possible and gives pointers as to where to read about the topic in more detail.
Download or read book Gas Phase Reactions of Small Molecules written by Bryan Philip Levitt and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Uniform Supersonic Flows In Chemical Physics Chemistry Close To Absolute Zero Studied Using The Cresu Method written by Bertrand R Rowe and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2022-05-18 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Radioastronomy has painted an extraordinary picture of the Galactic interstellar medium, which displays an amazing organization and structuring of matter from very hot ultra-diluted media to very cold denser milieus considered as the cradles of stars. In these latter environments, the discovery of a chemical diversity of molecules, including those associated with precursors to life itself, immediately brought to light the question of the mechanisms leading to their formation and persistence at temperatures as low as 10 K. The chemical networks developed to understand telescope observations required a great deal of physical and chemical parameters relevant to interstellar conditions, particularly at very low temperatures. These included the rate coefficients of thousands of gas phase chemical reactions. Such data were missing in the 1970s, when the very first molecular discoveries were made. Then, in the early eighties, it was realized that uniform supersonic flows were ideal chemical reactors to study reaction kinetics at interstellar temperatures.Uniform Supersonic Flows in Chemical Physics reviews 40 years of use of such reactors, the so-called CRESU machines, focusing on major breakthroughs brought to chemical physics, physical chemistry, astrophysics and astrochemistry by the various experiments carried out with such apparatuses. The wealth of kinetic data at very low temperatures provided new targets for the predictions of theory, with new theoretical methods being developed to explain observed behavior. The first two chapters describe the physical context of reaction kinetics at very low temperatures and the requirements needed to run optimally such uniform supersonic flows, together with a historical perspective. Chapters 3 to 9 describe the various families of chemical processes that have been explored within the CRESU technique, highlighting major advances and offering an exhaustive up-to-date bibliography. Chapters 10 and 11 show how these experimental results have helped in improving the ideas in quantum chemistry and interstellar modeling. The book concludes with an overview of potential perspectives and new routes to be explored.
Download or read book Advances in Gas Phase Ion Chemistry written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-05-14 with total page 281 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Gas Phase Ion Chemistry
Download or read book Vibrational Spectroscopy written by Dominique De Caro and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2012-02-24 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The infrared and Raman spectroscopy have applications in numerous fields, namely chemistry, physics, astronomy, biology, medicine, geology, mineralogy etc. This book provides some examples of the use of vibrational spectroscopy in supramolecular chemistry, inorganic chemistry, solid state physics, but also in the fields of molecule-based materials or organic-inorganic interfaces.
Download or read book Molecular Clusters of the Main Group Elements written by Matthias Driess and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-21 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With more than 20 contributions from leading research groups, this book provides essential information for chemists and materials scientists working with molecular clusters. It treats both homonuclear and heteronuclear clusters, including: the theory and concepts in main-group cluster chemistry, * novel boranes and heteroboranes, * silicon/germanium/tin clusters, * alkali metal suboxides, * clusters in alloys with mercury, * chalkogen clusters * and numerous other compound classes. The whole is illustrated by examples of the great potential for technical applications such as electron storage, cancer therapy and in optoelectronic devices. Its systematic coverage of all relevant main group elements makes this the prime reference source in the field.
Download or read book Methods in Physical Chemistry written by Rolf Schäfer and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-09-27 with total page 902 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thanks to the progress made in instruments and techniques, the methods in physical chemistry have developed rapidly over the past few decades, making them increasingly valuable for scientists of many disciplines. These two must-have volumes meet the needs of the scientific community for a thorough overview of all the important methods currently used. As such, this work bridges the gap between standard textbooks and review articles, covering a large number of methods, as well as the motivation behind their use. A uniform approach is adopted throughout both volumes, while the critical comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of each method makes this a valuable reference for physical chemists and other scientists working with these techniques.
Download or read book Molecular Structures of Gas phase Polyatomic Molecules Determined by Spectroscopic Methods written by Marlin D. Harmony and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cold Chemistry written by Olivier Dulieu and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2017-12-12 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explores the theoretical and experimental aspects of cold and ultracold molecular collisions, for students and researchers in theoretical chemistry and chemical reaction/molecular dynamics.
