Download or read book Phylogeny Biogeography and Systematics of Branchipolynoe Polynoidae Annelida with Descriptions of Four New Species from Costa Rican Methane Seeps written by Johanna Irene Lindgren and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There are currently four named species of Branchipolynoe, all found living symbiotically in mytilid mussels in the genus Bathymodiolus, which all occur at hydrothermal vents or methane seeps. Here, phylogenetic analyses using mitochondrial (CO1 and 16S) and nuclear (ITS) genes, as well as morphological analysis were conducted on a collection of Branchipolynoe from Pacific Costa Rican methane seeps. This revealed four new species of Branchipolynoe and these are formally described here. These newly discovered species live in three different species of Bathymodiolus mussels (also new) at depths ranging from 1000 m to 1800 m. Branchipolynoe kajsae sp. nov. and Branchipolynoe halliseyae sp. nov. are found in hosts Bathymodiolus billschneideri, B. earlougheri, and B. nancyschneiderae. Branchipolynoe meridae sp. nov. is found in hosts Bathymodiolus earlougheri and B. billschneideri. Branchipolynoe eliseae sp. nov. is found in hosts Bathymodiolus billschneideri and B. nancyschneiderae. The phylogenetic and biogeographical implications of this high sympatric diversity of Branchipolynoe are discussed.
Download or read book Phylogeny Biogeography and Systematics of Pacific Vent Methane Seep and Whalefall Parougia Dorvilleidae Annelida with 8 New Species written by Nicole Kristi Yen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dorvilleidae is a well-represented group of annelids that are commonly associated with chemosynthetic habitats. Currently, there are 11 described Parougia species, of which two are found at vents or seeps: Parougia wolfi and Parougia oregonensis. Eight new Parougia species are recognized and described in this study from collections in the Pacific Ocean, all from >586 m depth at whale-falls, hydrothermal vents, and/or methane seeps. The specimens were studied using morphology and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome b) and nuclear genes (18S rRNA and Histone 3). We found six sympatric Parougia spp., from Hydrate Ridge, Oregon and four Parougia spp. capable of inhabiting different types of chemosynthetic habitats. Two new species had a most remarkable distributional range and depth, from Oregon to Costa Rica seeps (>5500 km; 587-1583m). The dorvilleid genus Ophryotrocha has previously been highlighted as diversifying in the deep-sea environment. Our results emphasize the hitherto unknown diversity of other taxa such as Parougia at these chemosynthetic systems.
Download or read book Phylogeny of Ophryotrocha Annelida Dorvilleidae Revisited with Description of Six New Species from Eastern Pacific Seeps and Whalefalls written by Jessica Pruitt and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dorvilleidae is a diverse group of annelids, well known from deep sea chemosynthetic environments. Of the dorvilleids, Ophryotrocha is the most speciose genus, but also contains several cryptic species and has been shown to be paraphyletic in many studies. Twenty-one new species of Ophryotrocha are recognized in this study from deep sea methane seep and whale fall environments in the northeast Pacific Ocean, six of which are being formally described. Eight previously known-to-science species were also recovered. The Ophryotrocha specimens were studied using morphology and phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, 16S rRNA, and cytochrome b) and nuclear (18S rRNA and histone 3) genes. The current Ophryotrocha phylogeny is examined and the issue of its paraphyly is addressed, but cannot be resolved in this study.
Download or read book Morphology Molecules Evolution and Phylogeny in Polychaeta and Related Taxa written by Universität Osnabrück and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-03-30 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, evidence has been accumulated which shows that some of the groups formerly regarded as independent "phyla" such as Pogonophora (now recognized as Siboglinidae), Echiura, Myzostomida and perhaps Sipuncula, are most probably nothing else than greatly modified Annelida. The extreme morphological diversity found especially in Polychaeta displays the plasticity of a simple segmented organisation that basically is nothing else but a serial repetition of identical units. Thus, annelids are highly important to our understanding of fundamental questions about morphological and adaptive diversity, as well as clarifying evolutionary changes and phylogenetic relationships. The book aims to summarize our knowledge on Polychaetes polychaetes and their allies and gives an overview of recent advances gained by studies that employed conventional and modern methods plus, increasingly and importantly, the use of molecular markers and computer-assisted kinship analyses. It also reflects the state of art in polychaete sciences and presents new questions and controversies. As such it will significantly influence the direction of research on Polychaeta and their related taxa.
Download or read book Phylogeny Biogeography and Systematics of Menodora oleaceae and the Chloroplast Genome of Pelargonium Hortorum written by Timothy Wayne Chumley and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 840 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation presents the result of two separate research programs. The first elucidates the phylogeny, biogeography and systematics of the genus Menodora in the olive family. A phylogeny based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) of nuclear ribosomal DNA and the chloroplast rps16 and trnL introns and trnL-F intergenic spacer demonstrates that the genus is monophyletic. Within the genus, M. robusta of Patagonia is the first taxon to branch, followed by a monophyletic African clade and M. spinescens of California, though the placement of the latter does not have strong support. Most North American species are nested within the derived South Americans. A South American origin is hypothesized, with two independent dispersals to North America, and a single dispersal to Africa. The phylogeny provided new insights for the systematic treatment, where 24 species, one subspecies and six varieties are recognized, with major realignments of the intregrifolia and scabra species complexes, and a single new species described. In the second area of research, the chloroplast genome of Pelargonium × hortorum has been completely sequenced. At 217,942 base pairs (bp), it is both the largest and most rearranged land plant chloroplast genome yet sequenced. It features two copies of a greatly expanded inverted repeat (IR) of 75,741 bp each, and diminished single copy regions of 59,710 bp and 6,750 bp. Gene content is similar to other angiosperms, with the exceptions of a large number of pseudogenes, two open reading frames (ORF56 and ORF42), and the losses of accD, trnT-ggu, and possibly rpoA. The latter may be represented, however, by highly divergent set of rpoA-like ORFs. The IR expansion accounts for most of the size increase of the genome, but an additional 10% is related to the large number of repeats found. Most of these occur near rearrangement hotspots, and two different repeat associations (characterized by full or partial duplications of several genes) are localized in these regions. We propose simple models that account for the major rearrangements with a minimum of eight IR boundary changes and 12 inversions in addition to several sequence duplications.
Download or read book Phylogenetic and Mitogenomic Insights of Acrocirridae Cirratuliformia Annelida written by Paul Patrick Proctor and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the diversity, phylogenetic relationships, and evolutionary transitions within Acrocirridae, a clade of polychaete worms, is crucial for unraveling the complexities of benthic-pelagic evolutionary transitions in marine ecosystems. In this study, we describe four new species, erect a new genus to accommodate two of these species, and provide an updated phylogeny for Acrocirridae. Additionally, we assemble complete mitogenomes and present the first mitogenome phylogeny for the broader Cirratuliformia, offering valuable insights into the genetic characteristics and evolutionary history of benthic and pelagic species. The new species described in this study significantly contribute to the known diversity within Acrocirridae. Furthermore, the establishment of a new genus highlights the importance of taxonomic revisions in capturing the true evolutionary relationships and diversification patterns within this clade. Our updated phylogeny for Acrocirridae incorporates both morphological and molecular data, providing a comprehensive understanding of relationships. By assembling complete mitogenomes, we unravel the genetic composition and mitochondrial gene arrangement of key taxa within Cirratuliformia. This dataset serves as a valuable resource for future studies investigating the genomic features and evolutionary dynamics within this group of polychaetes. Importantly, our mitogenome-based phylogeny reveals variation in gene arrangements and codon usage. Overall, this study provides a comprehensive investigation of the diversity, phylogeny, and evolutionary transitions within Acrocirridae. Our findings enhance our understanding of the genetic and ecological factors driving benthic-pelagic transitions in polychaete evolution and provides a framework for future research.
Download or read book Reproductive Biology and Phylogeny of Annelida written by Barrie G M Jamieson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2006-01-03 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annelida is a diverse group of animals, commonly referred to as segmented worms and currently comprising around 14000 described species. Found in most marine and freshwater areas, annelids have also successfully occupied many subterranean habitats. This volume documents annelid reproduction in the context of their phylogenetic relationships. It presents an introduction and overview to the current systematics of annelids and provides reviews to broad aspects of reproduction across Annelida. The chapters cover oogenesis, sperm, mating, early development, larval development and larval ecology. The book also covers some of the major clades (or purported clades) of annelids and addresses similar issues. The final chapter covers some of the more problematic annelid groups in terms of their phylogenetic placement.
Download or read book Annelida written by Greg W. Rouse and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2022-01-14 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Annelids (the segmented worms) exist in a remarkably diverse range of mostly marine but also freshwater and terrestrial habitats, varying greatly in size and form. This text provides. This text begins with an introduction to the phylum and an outline of annelid taxonomy. The book describes their collection and the methods to ensure their optimal preservation, and provides an overview of anatomy with its relevant terminology. It includes the latest molecular phylogenomic evidence and is organised based on a new, robust phylogenetic hypothesis. It looks at groups which include Clitellata (comprising more than a third of total annelid diversity), Sipuncula, and Thalassematidae (formerly Echiura). It reflects the enormous amount of research on these organisms that has burgeoned since the millennium, principally due to their use as model organisms to address wider and more general evolutionary and ecological questions.
Download or read book Deep Sea Mining written by Rahul Sharma and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-03-28 with total page 535 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive book contains contributions from specialists who provide a complete status update along with outstanding issues encompassing different topics related to deep-sea mining. Interest in exploration and exploitation of deep-sea minerals is seeing a revival due to diminishing grades and increasing costs of processing of terrestrial minerals as well as availability of several strategic metals in seabed mineral resources; it therefore becomes imperative to take stock of various issues related to deep-sea mining. The authors are experienced scientists and engineers from around the globe developing advanced technologies for mining and metallurgical extraction as well as performing deep sea exploration for several decades. They invite readers to learn about the resource potential of different deep-sea minerals, design considerations and development of mining systems, and the potential environmental impacts of mining in international waters.
Download or read book Stylasteridae Cnidaria Hydrozoa Anthoathecata of the New Caledonian Region written by Stephen D. Cairns and published by French National Museum Natural History. This book was released on 2016-02-15 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical Deep-Sea Benthos is a series dedicated to the inventory and description of the deep-sea fauna of the world, with special emphasis on their most extensive--but remote and least-explored--habitats: the Indo-West Pacific. Growing out of marine expeditions undertaken by the French National Museum of Natural History and the Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, the series continues to present many new, strange, and sometimes colorful invertebrates. The present volume presents results from recent expeditions within the New Caledonian Exclusive Economic Zone, reporting ninety-eight species (including fifty-seven new species) of corals from the Stylasteridae family and one new calcified species of hydrozoa from the family Hydractiniidae. Including numerous seamounts, submarine ridges, and small islands, New Caledonia's deep-sea benthos are ideal habitat for stylasterids, making it the most species-rich marine region in the world for this taxon.
Download or read book Ecosystems of the Deep Oceans written by P.A. Tyler and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-03-27 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume examines the deep sea ecosystem from a variety of perspectives. The initial chapters examine the deep-sea floor, the deep pelagic environment and the more specialised chemosynthetic environments of hydrothermal vents and cold seeps. These environments are examined from the perspective of the relationship of deep-sea animals to their physico-chemical environment. Later chapters examine the biogeography of the main deep oceans (Atlantic, Pacific and Indian) with particular attention to the downward flux of surface-derived organic matter and how this drives the processes within the deep-sea ecosystem. The peripheral deep seas including the polar seas and the marginal deep seas (inter alia the Mediterranean, Red, Caribbean and Okhotsk seas) are explored in the same context. The final chapters examine the processes occurring in the deep sea and include an analysis of why the deep sea has high species diversity, how the fauna respond to organic input and how species have adapted reproductive activity in the deep sea. The volume concludes with an analysis of the anthropogenic impact on the deep sea.
Download or read book Systematics and Diversity of Annelids written by Maria Capa and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-08-18 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this Special Issue, we address the state of the art of the systematics of the main annelid groups and the improvements in the diversity they hold, with special emphasis on the latest discoveries in well-studied areas, expeditions to unsurveyed areas or environments, or the use of novel techniques that allow for the improvement of biodiversity knowledge. We are hoping that this Special Issue will provide a platform facilitating a review of current knowledge on the subject, identifying current research problems, as well as indicating directions and research trends for the future.
Download or read book Animal Evolution written by NATURAL SCIENCES and MATHEMATICS (500) and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2009-08-13 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animal life, now and over the past half billion years, is incredibly diverse. Describing and understanding the evolution of this diversity of body plans - from vertebrates such as humans and fish to the numerous invertebrate groups including sponges, insects, molluscs, and the many groups of worms - is a major goal of evolutionary biology. In this book, a group of leading researchers adopt a modern, integrated approach to describe how current molecular genetic techniques and disciplines as diverse as palaeontology, embryology, and genomics have been combined, resulting in a dramatic renaissance in the study of animal evolution. The last decade has seen growing interest in evolutionary biology fuelled by a wealth of data from molecular biology. Modern phylogenies integrating evidence from molecules, embryological data, and morphology of living and fossil taxa provide a wide consensus of the major branching patterns of the tree of life; moreover, the links between phenotype and genotype are increasingly well understood. This has resulted in a reliable tree of relationships that has been widely accepted and has spawned numerous new and exciting questions that require a reassessment of the origins and radiation of animal life. The focus of this volume is at the level of major animal groups, the morphological innovations that define them, and the mechanisms of change to their embryology that have resulted in their evolution. Current research themes and future prospects are highlighted including phylogeny reconstruction, comparative developmental biology, the value of different sources of data and the importance of fossils, homology assessment, character evolution, phylogeny of major groups of animals, and genome evolution. These topics are integrated in the light of a 'new animal phylogeny', to provide fresh insights into the patterns and processes of animal evolution. Animal Evolution provides a timely and comprehensive statement of progress in the field for academic researchers requiring an authoritative, balanced and up-to-date overview of the topic. It is also intended for both upper level undergraduate and graduate students taking courses in animal evolution, molecular phylogenetics, evo-devo, comparative genomics and associated disciplines.
Download or read book Submarine Geomorphology written by Aaron Micallef and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-18 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book on the current state of knowledge of submarine geomorphology aims to achieve the goals of the Submarine Geomorphology working group, set up in 2013, by establishing submarine geomorphology as a field of research, disseminating its concepts and techniques among earth scientists and professionals, and encouraging students to develop their skills and knowledge in this field. Editors have invited 30 experts from around the world to contribute chapters to this book, which is divided into 4 sections – (i) Introduction & history, (ii) Data & methods, (ii) Submarine landforms & processes and (iv) Conclusions & future directions. Each chapter provides a review of a topic, establishes the state-of-the-art, identifies the key research questions that need to be addressed, and delineates a strategy on how to achieve this. Submarine geomorphology is a priority for many research institutions, government authorities and industries globally. The book is useful for undergraduate and graduate students, and professionals with limited training in this field.
Download or read book Marine Parasitology written by Klaus Rohde and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2005-09-13 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, authoritative and up-to-date work provides the definitive overview of marine parasites worldwide. It is an invaluable reference for students and researchers in parasitology and marine biology and will also be of interest to ecologists, aquaculturists and invertebrate biologists. Initial chapters review the diversity and basic biology of the different groups of marine parasites, discussing their morphology, life cycles, infection mechanisms and effects on hosts. The ecology and importance of marine parasites are discussed in the second part of the book, where contributions investigate behavioural and ecological aspects of parasitism and discuss the evolution and zoogeography of marine parasites. In addition, the economic, environmental and medical significance of these organisms is outlined, particularly their importance in aquaculture and their effects on marine mammals and birds. Written by an international team of contributors, the emphasis is on a thorough grounding in marine parasitology combined with reviews of novel concepts and cutting-edge research.
Download or read book A Manual of the Recent and Fossil Marine Pelecypod Mollusks of the Hawaiian Islands written by William Healey Dall and published by . This book was released on 1938 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Natural History of the Crustacea written by Martin Thiel and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-03-27 with total page 584 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the eighth volume of a ten-volume series on The Natural History of the Crustacea. The volume examines Evolution and Biogeography, and the first part of this volume is entirely dedicated to the explanation of the origins and successful establishment of the Crustacea in the oceans. In the second part of the book, the biogeography of the Crustacea is explored in order to infer how they conquered different biomes globally while adapting to a wide range of aquatic and terrestrial conditions. The final section examines more general patterns and processes, and the chapters offer useful insight into the future of crustaceans.
