Download or read book Phylogeny and Biogeography of Neotropical Flowering Plant Tribe Citharexyleae Verbenaceae written by Laura A. Frost and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New World tropics, or Neotropics, located within tropical latitudes of North and South America, are one of the most diverse ecoregion in the world. However, this diversity is poorly understood in terms of described biodiversity—species numbers are uncertain and collection records are depauperate for many groups distributed in remote locations or dense forest—and patterns of evolution contributing to high diversity—factors underlying speciation in lineages are not well understood. A molecular phylogenetic and systematic study of the Neotropical flowering plant tribe Citharexyleae in the Verbena family (Verbenaceae), which also originated and diversified primarily in the Neotropics, was undertaken in order to describe diversity and understand patterns of evolution in an understudied Neotropical lineage. Chapter 1 comprises a systematic study of tribe Citharexyleae, which describes relationships between the three genera in the tribe (Baillonia (1 species), Citharexylum (ca. 70 species), and Rehdera (2 species)) as well as relationships within Citharexylum, the largest genus. Baillonia is included in Citharexylum and Rehdera is retained distinct. A subgeneric classification including six subgenera system is proposed for Citharexylum, and morphological characters associated with each major clade described. In Chapter 2, the biogeographical patterns underpinning diversification in Citharexylum are explored. Citharexylum comprises ca. 70 species distributed widely throughout the Neotropics, from northern Mexico to southern Brazil and Argentina. Species occupy multiple biomes including continuously moist broadleaf forest, seasonally dry tropical forest, tropical coniferous forest, high elevation shrublands, and arid shrublands. The contributions of radiation within a biome and adaptation to/colonization of new biomes are compared. Both patterns have played important roles in the diversification of Citharexylum, and major lineages within Citharexylum display different patterns. The Mesoamerican clade exhibits a pattern of radiation within the ancestral biome with more recent, independent colonization events, whereas the South American clade exhibits a pattern of early colonization and radiation within biomes. Though diversification rates are higher in the Mesoamerican clade, both clades have produced similar taxonomic diversity in the same amount of time. Both patterns contribute equally to overall diversity in the genus. Chapter 3 incorporates molecular sequence data generated by the previous chapters with data generated in previous studies other lineages of Verbenaceae and newly generated data to produce an updated phylogeny of the Verbena family. Verbenaceae comprises ca. 770 species in 28 genera. A previous family-wide study sampled 7 chloroplast regions for 121 species. The expanded dataset encompasses twelve chloroplast regions, two nuclear ribosomal spacers, and eight low-copy nuclear loci for 366 species. Two new clades in Verbenaceae are described, including resurrection of the genus Scleröon Benth in Lindl.
Download or read book Flora of the Galapagos Islands written by Ira Loren Wiggins and published by Stanford University Press. This book was released on 1971 with total page 1054 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Stanford University Press classic.
Download or read book A General History of the Dichleamydeous Plants Arranged According to the Natural System Thalamiflorae written by George Don and published by . This book was released on 1831 with total page 856 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Biological Evolution and Statistical Physics written by M. Lässig and published by Springer. This book was released on 2008-01-11 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This set of lecture notes gives a first coherent account of a novel aspect of the living world that can be called biological information. The book presents both a pedagogical and state-of-the art roadmap of this rapidly evolving area and covers the whole field, from information which is encoded in the molecular genetic code to the description of large-scale evolution of complex species networks. The book will prove useful for all those who work at the interface of biology, physics and information science.
Download or read book The Anatomy of Palms written by P. Barry Tomlinson and published by OUP Oxford. This book was released on 2011-02-24 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A reference book about the construction and internal histology of the entire palm family. It includes an atlas of colourful images of microscopic views of plant tissues.
Download or read book Australian Palms written by John L. Dowe and published by CSIRO PUBLISHING. This book was released on 2010 with total page 305 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An updated and thorough systematic and taxonomic treatment of the Australian palm flora, covering 60 species in 21 genera. Author from James Cook University, Australia.
Download or read book Floral Diagrams written by Louis P. Ronse De Craene and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-02-04 with total page 458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Floral morphology remains the cornerstone for plant identification and studies of plant evolution. This guide gives a global overview of the floral diversity of the angiosperms through the use of detailed floral diagrams. These schematic diagrams replace long descriptions or complicated drawings as a tool for understanding floral structure and evolution. They show important features of flowers, such as the relative positions of the different organs, their fusion, symmetry, and structural details. The relevance of the diagrams is discussed, and pertinent evolutionary trends are illustrated. The range of plant species represented reflects the most recent classification of flowering plants based mainly on molecular data, which is expected to remain stable in the future. This book is invaluable for researchers and students working on plant structure, development and systematics, as well as being an important resource for plant ecologists, evolutionary botanists and horticulturists.
Download or read book The Evolution of Cultural Diversity written by Ruth Mace and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-09-16 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Virtually all aspects of human behavior show enormous variation both within and between cultural groups, including material culture, social organization and language. Thousands of distinct cultural groups exist: about 6,000 languages are spoken today, and it is thought that a far greater number of languages existed in the past but became extinct. Using a Darwinian approach, this book seeks to explain this rich cultural variation. There are a number of theoretical reasons to believe that cultural diversification might be tree-like, that is phylogenetic: material and non-material culture is clearly inherited by descendants, there is descent with modification, and languages appear to be hierarchically related. There are also a number of theoretical reasons to believe that cultural evolution is not tree-like: cultural inheritance is not Mendelian and can indeed be vertical, horizontal or oblique, evidence of borrowing abounds, cultures are not necessarily biological populations and can be transient and complex. Here, for the first time, this title tackles these questions of cultural evolution empirically and quantitatively, using a range of case studies from Africa, the Pacific, Europe, Asia and America. A range of powerful theoretical tools developed in evolutionary biology is used to test detailed hypotheses about historical patterns and adaptive functions in cultural evolution. Evidence is amassed from archaeological, linguist and cultural datasets, from both recent and historical or pre-historical time periods. A unifying theme is that the phylogenetic approach is a useful and powerful framework, both for describing the evolutionary history of these traits, and also for testing adaptive hypotheses about their evolution and co-evolution. Contributors include archaeologists, anthropologists, evolutionary biologists and linguists, and this book will be of great interest to all those involved in these areas.
Download or read book Genera Palmarum written by Natalie W. Uhl and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The basis for the classification of palms. Classification. Calamoideae. Nypoideae. Phytelephantoideae.
Download or read book Biosorption of Heavy Metals written by Bohumil Volesky and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-08-15 with total page 414 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This state-of-the-art volume represents the first comprehensively written book which focuses on the new field of biosorption. This fascinating work conveys essential fundamental information and outlines the perspectives of biosorption. It summarizes the metal-sorbing properties of nonliving bacterial, fungal, and algal biomass, plus highlights relevant metal-binding mechanisms. This volume also discusses the aspects of obtaining and processing microbial biomass and metal-chelating chemicals into industrially applicable biosorbent products. Microbiologists, chemists, and engineers with an interest in new technological and scientific horizons will find this reference indispensable.
Download or read book A Monographic Study of the Subfamily Phytelephantoideae Arecaceae written by Anders S. Barfod and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ant Ecology written by Lori Lach and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2010 with total page 429 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The incredible global diversity of ants, and their important ecological roles, mean that we cannot ignore the significance of ants in ecological systems. Ant Ecology takes the reader on a journey of discovery from the beginnings of ants many hundreds of thousands of years ago, through to the makings of present day distributions.
Download or read book Transitions Between Sexual Systems written by Janet L. Leonard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2019-05-21 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on explaining the distribution of sexual systems (simultaneous hermaphroditism, sequential hermaphroditism, environmental sex determination,dioecy, androdioecy, etc.) among taxa, which remains a major challenge in evolutionary biology. Although significant advances have been made for angiosperms, there is not yet a theory that predicts the sexual system for the majority of animal taxa, and other taxa of plants also remain poorly understood. The problem, particularly for animals, is that sexual systems can be very conservative, with whole phyla and classes being characterized by a single sexual system; for example essentially the whole phylum Platyhelminthes is simultaneously hermaphroditic, whereas the Insecta (Hexapoda) and the Tetrapoda among the vertebrates, are exclusively dioecious. Sex allocation theory on the other hand, suggests that sexual systems should be highly responsive to evolution, changing with population density, life span, patterns of resource availability, etc. The book provides an overview of the topic and then presents a series of chapters, each dealing with a taxon with substantial lability in sexual system in order to identify the factors associated with changes in sexual system in each case. By doing so, the authors reveal factors that have not been considered in formal theory but seem to have a major impact on transitions between sexual systems. This book appeals to a wide readership in fields from zoology and evolutionary biology to botany.
Download or read book Woody Plant Communities written by T.T. Kozlowski and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water Deficits and Plant Growth, Volume VI: Woody Plant Communities focuses on the water relations of woody plants in a community context. Organized into eight chapters, this book begins with a quantitative overview of sources of water available to woody plants. Separate chapters follow that discuss the water relations of coniferous, temperate hardwood, and tropical and subtropical forests and woodlands; apple and citrus orchards; closely related woody plants; and tea plantations. For each of these plant communities, emphasis is placed on hydrological cycles; water use and transpiration; absorption of water; and effects of environmental factors on soil and plant water balance. The effects of water deficits on physiological processes; vegetative and reproductive growth; yield of harvested products; drought resistance; and cultural practices affecting plant water balance and yield are also emphasized in this book. This volume will be useful to both researchers and those involved in the practice of growing woody plants for wood and fruit crops and for esthetic values.
Download or read book Franny and Zooey written by J. D. Salinger and published by Penguin UK. This book was released on 2019-08-13 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A sharp and poignant snapshot of the crises of youth - from the acclaimed author of The Catcher in the Rye 'Everything everybody does is so - I don't know - not wrong, or even mean, or even stupid necessarily. But just so tiny and meaningless and - sad-making. And the worst part is, if you go bohemian or something crazy like that, you're conforming just as much only in a different way.' First published in the New Yorker as two sequential stories, 'Franny' and 'Zooey' offer a dual portrait of the two youngest members of J. D. Salinger's fictional Glass family. 'Salinger's masterpiece' Guardian
Download or read book Cell Cycle Regulation written by Philipp Kaldis and published by Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation. This book was released on 2006-06-26 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a state-of-the-art summary of the latest achievements in cell cycle control research with an outlook on the effect of these findings on cancer research. The chapters are written by internationally leading experts in the field. They provide an updated view on how the cell cycle is regulated in vivo, and about the involvement of cell cycle regulators in cancer.
Download or read book PROSEA Plant Resources of South East Asia 6 Rattans written by and published by Yayasan Obor Indonesia. This book was released on with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
