Download or read book Photosynthesis Research Protocols Methods in Molecular Biology Volume 274 written by Robert Carpentier and published by . This book was released on 2004-06-30 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because photosynthesis is at the heart of plant bioenergetics, fundamental to plant productivity and biomass, and a major factor in global climate, it is widely studied across the many fields it embraces. In Photosynthesis Research Protocols, well-known researchers describe in step-by-step detail a broad range of basic and advanced biochemical techniques for isolating, treating, and analyzing the photosynthetic materials and processes. The methods presented are fundamental for research work in agriculture, biochemistry, biotechnology, botany, cell biology, environmental science, forestry, plant genetics, plant molecular biology, photobiology, photophysics, photoprotection, and plant physiology. All protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, each one offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Comprehensive and highly practical, Photosynthesis Research Protocols offers both newcomers and experienced researchers an up-to-date collection of readily reproducible techniques essential for photosynthesis research today.
Download or read book Photosynthesis Research Protocols written by Robert Carpentier and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photosynthesis is one of the most important biological phenomena on earth. The conversion of sunlight by photosynthetic organisms supplies most of the energy required to develop and sustain life on the planet. Photosynthesis is not only at the heart of plant bioenergetics, it is also fundamental to plant prod- tivity and biomass. Photosynthetic carbon fixation and oxygen evolution - rectly intervene in many environmental, including the global atmospheric CO 2 level and global climate. Therefore, it is not surprising that a large effort is devoted to photosynthesis research. Several biochemical methods of isolation, treatment, and analysis have been developed to fulfill the needs of photosynthesis research. Photosynthesis Research Protocols contains a broad range of general and fundamental me- ods that are commonly used by plant biochemists, physiologists, and mole- lar biologists. This book is thus intended as a source of information for scientists working on any of the multiple aspects of photosynthesis, and should be of great interest to a multidisciplinary field of research involving agric- ture, biochemistry, biotechnology, botany, cell biology, environmental s- ences, forestry, plant genetics, plant molecular biology, photobiology, photophysics, photoprotection, plant physiology, plant stress, etc.
Download or read book Photosynthesis written by Sarah Covshoff and published by Humana. This book was released on 2019-12-10 with total page 355 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This user-friendly book provides a range of classical and modern techniques for the study of photosynthesis in a manner accessible to a broad spectrum of researchers. Broken into four sections, it explores the measurement of physiological photosynthetic parameters, quantifying photosynthetic enzyme abundance and catalytic activity, visualizing cellular and sub-cellular phenotypes, and photosynthesis-inspired energy generation. Written for the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Photosynthesis: Methods and Protocols aims to aid scientists working toward exciting developments in the understanding and application of photosynthesis.
Download or read book Photorespiration written by Alisdair R. Fernie and published by Humana. This book was released on 2018-08-03 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents a comprehensive overview of contemporary methods to analyze photorespiration in higher plants. Written in the highly successful Methods in Molecular Biology series format, chapters include introductions to their respective topics, lists of the necessary materials and reagents, step-by-step, readily reproducible laboratory protocols, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls. Authoritative and practical, Photorespiration: Methods and Protocols aims to ensure successful results in the further study of this vital field.
Download or read book Mobile Genetic Elements written by Wolfgang J. Miller and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-05 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading experts describe in step-by-step detail their most productive transposon-based methods and strategies for studying genome structure, function, and evolution. These readily reproducible techniques cover a wide range, including mutagenesis, transgenesis, gene silencing, and molecular systematics. Among the highlights are a series of DNA hybridization methods for analyzing the distribution and dynamics of mobile DNA at the hosts' genomic level, techniques for studying LTR retrotransposons in heterologous host systems, and mutagenesis protocols for investigating gene functions in a broad range of organisms. These cutting-edge methods offer investigators powerful genetic tools for dissecting the function of a specific gene, elaborating on the mechanisms leading to genetic change and diversity, and studying the evolutionary impact of mobile DNA on the biology and evolution of organisms.
Download or read book Trinucleotide Repeat Protocols written by Yoshinori Kohwi and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trinucleotide repeats are relatively common in the human genome. These simple repeats have received much attention since epoch-making discoveries were made that particular trinucleotide repeats are expanded in the causal genes of human hereditary neurological disorders. For example, the CGG repeat is expanded in fragile X syndrome at the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of its causal gene. In myotonic dystrophy, it is the CTG repeat that is expanded at the 3' UTR of its causal gene. The CAG repeat was also found expanded in coding regions of the genes responsible for X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy, Huntington’s disease, spinocerebellar ataxia, and other disorders. On the other hand, expansion of the GAA repeat was identified in the intron of the gene responsible for the Friedreich’s ataxia. For these trinucleotide repeat diseases, the longer the trinucleotide expansion, the earlier the age of onset and the more severe the syndrome. Thus, these findings that showed the intriguing link between a particular trinucleotide expansion and its associated neurological disorders have led to a new field of intensive study. Active research addressing the underlying mechanisms for trinucleotide repeat diseases has employed various approaches ranging from DNA biochemistry to animal models for the diseases. In particular, animal models for the triplet repeat diseases have provided excellent resources not only for understanding the mechanisms but also for exploring therapeutic interventions.
Download or read book Cell Cycle Control and Dysregulation Protocols written by Antonio Giordano and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-05 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cell Cycle Control and Dysregulation Protocols focuses on emerging methodologies for studying the cell cycle, kinases, and kinase inhibitors. It addresses the issue of gene expression in vivo and in vitro, the analysis of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors, protein degradation mediated by the proteosome, the analysis of the transformed cell phenotype, and innovative techniques to detect apoptosis. Because there are already many manuals and protocols available, along with commercial kits and reagents, a variety of the more common techniques have not been included in our book. The protocols described, based on rather sophisticated techniques for in vivo and in vitro studies, consist of molecular biology, biochemistry, and various types of immunoassays. Indeed, the authors have successfully accomplished an arduous task by presenting several topics in the simplest possible manner. We are confident that Cell Cycle Control and Dysregulation Protocols will facilitate and optimize the work of practical scientists involved in researching the cell cycle. We greatly acknowledge the extraordinary contribution of the authors in writing this book.
Download or read book Vaccinia Virus and Poxvirology written by Stuart N. Isaacs and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Right Book at the Right Time The poxviruses comprise a family of complex DNA viruses that replicate in the cytoplasm of vertebrate or invertebrate cells. Of the eight recognized g- era of vertebrate poxviruses, those belonging to the orthopoxvirus genus have been most intensively studied. This group includes variola virus, the agent of smallpox, as well as cowpox virus and vaccinia virus. Jenner’s original sma- pox vaccine, described in 1798, consisted of live cowpox virus, but vaccinia virus later replaced it (1). There has been speculation as to the origin of v- cinia virus; the most likely idea is that it is a separate species, possibly ori- nally isolated from a horse, and is now extinct or rare in nature (2). Recent genome sequencing studies confirm the distinctness of variola virus, cowpox virus, and vaccinia virus and also their very close genetic relationship, which accounts for the cross protection of smallpox vaccines. The novelty of the smallpox vaccine can be readily appreciated by the time it took, about 80 years, before the next live vaccine against rabies was developed, and another 50 years for the yellow fever vaccine. Moreover, the eradication of smallpox in 1977 stands as a unique medical achievement. Because of its historical role, sma- pox vaccination contributed greatly to present concepts of infectious disease, immunity, and pathogenesis. Less well known, however, are the many other “firsts” for vaccinia virus.
Download or read book Signal Transduction Protocols written by Robert C. Dickson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 331 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1995, Signal Transduction Protocols, edited by David A. Kendall and Stephen J. Hill, was published in the Methods in Molecular Biology series. This second edition represents an update to that previous work with an emp- sis on new methodologies that have developed in the last few years. The goal, then and now, is to provide procedures written by experts with first-hand ex- rience in a detail that goes far beyond what is generally encountered in the “methods” section of most journals and thus actually permits a particular p- cedure to be replicated. In addition, we have had as a secondary goal the id- tification of protocols for the assay of general classes of signal transduction components that, ideally, can be adapted to the assay of any member of that class. The ability to do this has resulted in large part from the use of affini- based assays, the ease with which specific proteins can be specifically tagged, and an explosion in the availability of highly specific antibodies from comm- cial sources, especially antibodies raised against signaling proteins of human origin. The number of available approaches is, fortunately for those working in signaling research, far too great to fit within the confines of this volume, so hard choices as to what to include had to be made.
Download or read book Protein Nanotechnology written by Tuan Vo-Dinh and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Leading experts in nanobiotechnology comprehensively review the most recent advances in instrumentation and methodology, as well as their applications in genomics and proteomics. The authors provide a wide variety of techniques and methods for dealing with protein functions and structures at the nanoscale level, including nanostructured systems, nanomaterials, carbon nanotubes and nanowires, optical nanosensors, and nanoelectrodes. Among the highlights are techniques for the in vivo tracking of biochemical processes using fluorescent molecular probes and nanosensors, and the exploration of biochemical processes and submicroscopic structures of living cells at unprecedented resolutions using near-field optics. Also discussed is the development of nanocarrier methodology for the targeted delivery of drugs whose shells are conjugated with antibodies for targeting specific antigens.
Download or read book mRNA Processing and Metabolism written by Daniel R. Schoenberg and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-05 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cells possess a wealth of posttranscriptional control mechanisms that impact on every conceivable aspect of the life of an mRNA. These processes are intimately intertwined in an almost baroque manner, where promoter context influences the recruitment of splicing factors, where the majority of pre-mRNAs undergo alternative splicing, and where proteins deposited during nuclear processing impact distal cytoplasmic processing, translation, and decay. If there is a unifying theme to mRNA Processing and Metabolism: Methods and Protocols, it is that mRNA processing and metabolism are integrated processes. Many of the techniques used to study mRNA have been described in a previous volume of this series (RNA–Protein Interaction Protocols, Susan Haynes, ed.) and specialized methods journals. In selecting topics for mRNA Processing and Metabolism: Methods and Protocols, I sought input on new and novel techniques and approaches that build on this foundation using technological advances in microscopy, whole genome sequencing, microarrays, mass spectrometry, fluorescent detection methodologies, and RNA interference. I have tried not to bias this book toward any single model organism, and approaches described in the various chapters use yeast, Drosophila, Xenopus, mice, plants, and cultured mammalian cells.
Download or read book Checkpoint Controls and Cancer written by Axel H. Schönthal and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-03 with total page 362 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intracellular checkpoint controls constitute a network of signal transd- tion pathways that protect cells from external stresses and internal errors. Ext- nal stresses can be generated by the continuous assault of DNA-damaging agents, such as environmental mutagens, ultraviolet (UV) light, ionizing radiation, or the reactive oxygen species that can arise during normal cellular metabolism. In response to any of these assaults on the integrity of the genome, the activation of the network of checkpoint control pathways can lead to diverse cellular responses, such as cell cycle arrest, DNA repair, or elimination of the cell by cell death (apoptosis) if the damage cannot be repaired. Moreover, internal errors can occur during the highly orchestrated replication of the cellular genome and its distribution into daughter cells. Here, the temporal order of these cell cycle events must be strictly enforced—for example, to ensure that DNA replication is c- plete and occurs only once before cell division, or to monitor mitotic spindle assembly, and to prevent exit from mitosis until chromosome segregation has been completed. Thus, well functioning checkpoint mechanisms are central to the maintenance of genomic integrity and the basic viability of cells and, the- fore, are essential for proper development and survival. The importance of proper functioning of checkpoints becomes plainly obvious under conditions in which this control network malfunctions and fails. Depending on the severity and timing, failure of this machinery can lead to embryonic lethality, genetic diseases, and cancer.
Download or read book Transgenic Plants written by Leandro Peña and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-05 with total page 427 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of Transgenic Plants: Methods and Protocols is to provide a source of information to guide the reader through a wide range of frequently used, broadly applicable, and easily reproducible techniques involved in the gene- tion of transgenic plants. Its step-by-step approach covers a series of methods for genetically transforming plant cells and tissues, and for recovering whole transgenic plants from them. The volume then moves on to the use of sele- able and reporter markers, positive selection, marker elimination after rec- ery of transgenic plants, and the analysis of transgene integration, expression, and localization in the plant genome. Although contributors usually refer to model plants in most chapters, the protocols described herein should be widely applicable to many plant species. The last two sections are devoted to me- ods of risk assessment and to exploring the current and future applications of transgenic technology in agriculture and its social implications in a case study. Transgenic Plants: Methods and Protocols is divided into six major s- tions plus an introduction, comprising 27 chapters. Part I, the Introduction, is a review of the past, present, and perspectives of the transgenic plants, from the discovery of Agrobacterium tumefaciens as a feasible transformation vector, to its use as a tool to study gene expression and function, and the current and possible future applications of this technology in agriculture, industry, and medicine.
Download or read book Chemoinformatics written by Jürgen Bajorath and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 530 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the literature, several terms are used synonymously to name the topic of this book: chem-, chemi-, or chemo-informatics. A widely recognized de- nition of this discipline is the one by Frank Brown from 1998 (1) who defined chemoinformatics as the combination of “all the information resources that a scientist needs to optimize the properties of a ligand to become a drug. ” In Brown’s definition, two aspects play a fundamentally important role: de- sion support by computational means and drug discovery, which distinguishes it from the term “chemical informatics” that was introduced at least ten years earlier and described as the application of information technology to ch- istry (not with a specific focus on drug discovery). In addition, there is of course “chemometrics,” which is generally understood as the application of statistical methods to chemical data and the derivation of relevant statistical models and descriptors (2). The pharmaceutical focus of many developments and efforts in this area—and the current popularity of gene-to-drug or si- lar paradigms—is further reflected by the recent introduction of such terms as “discovery informatics” (3), which takes into account that gaining kno- edge from chemical data alone is not sufficient to be ultimately successful in drug discovery. Such insights are well in accord with other views that the boundaries between bio- and chemoinformatics are fluid and that these d- ciplines should be closely combined or merged to significantly impact b- technology or pharmaceutical research (4).
Download or read book Recombinant Gene Expression written by Paulina Balbas and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-04 with total page 505 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since newly created beings are often perceived as either wholly good or bad, the genetic alteration of living cells impacts directly on a symbolic meaning deeply imbedded in every culture. During the earlier years of gene expression research, te- nological applications were confined mainly to academic and industrial laboratories, and were perceived as highly beneficial since molecules that were previously unable to be separated or synthesized became accessible as therapeutic agents. Such were the success stories of hormones, antibodies, and vaccines produced in the bacterium Escherichia coli. Originally this bacterium gained fame among humans for being an unwanted host in the intestine, or worse yet, for being occasionally dangerous and pathogenic. H- ever, it was easily identified in contaminated waters during the 19th century, thus becoming a clear indicator of water pollution by human feces. Tamed, cultivated, and easily maintained in laboratories, its fast growth rate and metabolic capacity to adjust to changing environments fascinated the minds of scientists who studied and modeled such complex phenomena as growth, evolution, genetic exchange, infection, survival, adaptation, and further on—gene expression. Although at the lower end of the complexity scale, this microbe became a very successful model system and a key player in the fantastic revolution kindled by the birth of recombinant DNA technology.
Download or read book Photosynthesis Research for Food Fuel and Future written by Tingyun Kuang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-31 with total page 823 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae and certain species of bacteria transform solar energy into chemical energy in the form of organic molecules. In fact, all life on the planet ultimately depends on photosynthetic energy conversion. The book provides a compressive and state-of-the-art of very recent progress on photosynthesis research. The topics span from atom to intact plants, from femtosecond reactions to season long production, from physics to agronomy. The book is to offer advanced undergraduate students, graduate students, and research specialists the most recent advances in the all aspects of photosynthesis research. The book is intended to offer researchers detailed information on the most recent advances in all aspects of photosynthesis research. Tingyun Kuang is a professor at Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) and the Academician of CAS; Congming Lu is a professor at Institute of Botany, CAS; Lixin Zhang is a professor at Institute of Botany, CAS and the Chief Scientist in the National Basic Research Program of China on photosynthesis.
Download or read book Amyloid Proteins written by Einar M. Sigurdsson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-02-02 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A proven collection of readily reproducible techniques for studying amyloid proteins and their involvement in the etiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy of amyloid diseases. The contributors provide methods for the preparation of amyloid and its precursors (oligomers and protofibrils), in vitro assays and analytical techniques for their study, and cell culture models and assays for the production of amyloid proteins. Additional chapters present readily reproducible techniques for amyloid extraction from tissue, its detection in vitro and in vivo, as well as nontransgenic methods for developing amyloid mouse models. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular BiologyTM series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls.
