Download or read book Photoionization Dynamic of Polyatomic Molecules written by Paul Hockett and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Mode Specific Photoionization Dynamics in Polyatomic Molecules written by Gerald Jeffery Rathbone and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Photoionization Dynamics of Polyatomic Molecules written by Paul Hockett and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Time Resolved Photoionisation Studies of Polyatomic Molecules written by Martin Alex Bjørnholst and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-08-03 with total page 155 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores how structure impacts the dynamics of organic molecules in an extensive and impressive range of femtosecond time-resolved experiments that are combined with state-of-the-art theoretical approaches. It explores an area of molecular dynamics that remains largely uncharted and provides an extraordinary overview, along with novel insights into the concept of the dynamophore – the functional group of ultrafast science. Divided into four parts, this book outlines both experimental and computational studies on the VUV photoinduced dynamics of four cyclic ketones and one linear ketone, the ring-opening and dissociative dynamics of cyclopropane, and the potential ultrafast intersystem crossing in three methylated benzene derivatives. Model systems for the disulfide bond and the peptide bond, both of which are related to the structure of proteins, are also investigated. This highly informative and carefully presented book offers a wealth of scientific insights for all scholars with an interest in molecular dynamics.
Download or read book State resolved Molecular Photoionization Dynamics of Polyatomic Systems written by James Scott Miller and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Vector Correlations in Dissociative Photoionization of Small Polyatomic Molecules written by Mogens Lebech and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dissociative photoionization of small polyatomic molecules, here N20 and CO2, induced by VUV linearly polarized synchrotron radiation is studied using the vector correlation method, in conditions where photoionization leads to one ion, one neutral fragment, and one electron. The vector correlation method consists in measuring the velocity vectors of the photoion and photoelectron produced in each event. The velocity spectrometer combines time-of-flight resolved and position sensitive ion-electron coincidence detection. Ions and electrons are extracted from the interaction zone by a uniform electric field, which ensures a complete collection of both particles. Electrostatic lenses are implemented in the spectrometer in order to increase the velocity vector resolution. The ion-electron kinetic energy correlation derived from the magnitude of the velocity vectors for the coincident events allows one to identify the reaction pathway for each process, in terms of the intermediate N2O+ or CO2+ valence or inner-valence ionic state, or resonant N20** autoionizing state, and the dissociation limit characterized by the electronic states of both fragments and the vibrational distribution of the molecular fragment. The spatial analysis, correlating the two velocities and the polarization axis of the light, determines, for each process, the polar and azimuthal dependence of the molecular frame photoelectron angular distribution, for any orientation of the molecular axis with respect to the polarization axis. The results are presented in terms of four Fij functions which contain the most complete information about the photoionization dynamics for each process: their partial wave analysis gives access to the transition moments. A large number of reactions are identified, and anisotropies in the photoelectron angular distribution in the molecular frame are observed. Selected results obtained for N2O are compared with multichannel Schwinger configuration interaction calculations.
Download or read book Quantum Metrology with Photoelectrons written by Paul Hockett and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2018-04-20 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the turn of the century, the increasing availability of photoelectron imaging experiments, along with the increasing sophistication of experimental techniques, and the availability of computational resources for analysis and numerics, has allowed for significant developments in such photoelectron metrology. Quantum Metrology with Photoelectrons, Volume 2: Applications and Advances discusses the fundamental concepts along with recent and emerging applications. Volume 2 explores the applications and development of quantum metrology schemes based on photoelectron measurements. The author begins with a brief historical background on "complete" photoionization experiments, followed by the details of state reconstruction methodologies from experimental measurements. Three specific applications of quantum metrology schemes are discussed in detail. In addition, the book provides advances, future directions, and an outlook including (ongoing) work to generalise these schemes and extend them to dynamical many-body systems. Volume 2 will be of interest to readers wishing to see the (sometimes messy) details of state reconstruction from photoelectron measurements as well as explore the future prospects for this class of metrology.
Download or read book Photoionization and Photodetachment written by Cheuk-Yiu Ng and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000 with total page 1415 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Owing to the advances of vacuum ultraviolet and ultrafast lasers and third generation synchrotron sources, the research on photoionization, photoelectrons, and photodetachment has gained much vitality in recent years. These new light sources, together with ingenious experimental techniques, such as the coincidence imaging, molecular beam, pulsed field ionization photoelectron, mass-analyzed threshold ion, and pulsed field ion pair schemes, have allowed spectroscopic, dynamic, and energetic studies of gaseous species to a new level of detail and accuracy. Profitable applications of these methods to liquids are emerging.This invaluable two-volume review consists of twenty-two chapters, focusing on recent developments in photoionization and photodetachment studies of atoms; molecules, transient species, clusters, and liquids.
Download or read book The Spectra and Dynamics of Diatomic Molecules written by Helene Lefebvre-Brion and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-04-28 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is written for graduate students just beginning research, for theorists curious about what experimentalists actually can and do measure, and for experimentalists bewildered by theory. It is a guide for potential users of spectroscopic data, and uses language and concepts that bridge the frequency-and time-domain spectroscopic communities. Key topics, concepts, and techniques include: the assignment of simple spectra, basic experimental techniques, definition of Born-Oppenheimer and angular momentum basis sets and the associated spectroscopic energy level patterns (Hund's cases), construction of effective Hamiltonian matrices to represent both spectra and dynamics, terms neglected in the Born-Oppenheimer approximation (situations intermediate between Hund's cases, spectroscopic perturbations), nonlinear least squares fitting, calculation and interpretation of coupling terms, semi-classical (WKB) approximation, transition intensities and interference effects, direct photofragmentation (dissociation and ionization) and indirect photofragmentation (predissociation and autoionization) processes, visualization of intramolecular dynamics, quantum beats and wavepackets, treatment of decaying quasi-eigenstates using a complex Heff model, and concluding with some examples of polyatomic molecule dynamics. Students will discover that there is a fascinating world of cause-and-effect localized dynamics concealed beyond the reduction of spectra to archival molecular constants and the exact ab initio computation of molecular properties. Professional spectroscopists, kinetics, ab initio theorists will appreciate the practical, simplified-model, and rigorous theoretical approaches discussed in this book. A fundamental reference for all spectra of small, gas-phase molecules It is the most up-to-date and comprehensive book on the electronic spectroscopy and dynamics of diatomic molecules The authors pioneered the development of many of the experimental methods, concepts, models, and computational schemes described in this book
Download or read book Coulomb Explosion Imaging of Polyatomic Molecules After Photoionization with X rays and Strong Laser Fields written by Utuq Ablikim and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imaging the structures of molecules, understanding the molecular dynamics in onization and dissociation processes and, most importantly, observing chemical reactions, i.e. the making and breaking of chemical bonds in real time, have become some of the most exciting topics in the atomic and molecular physics. The rapid advances of experimental tools such as synchrotron radiation light sources, free-electron lasers and continuing advances of tabletop femtosecond ultrashort lasers that provide laser pulses at a variety of wavelengths have opened new avenues for understanding the structure of matter and the dynamics of the chemical interactions. In addition, significant improvements in computational techniques and molecular dynamic simulations have provided complementary theoretical predictions on structures and chemical dynamics. The Coulomb explosion imaging method, which has been developed and applied in many studies in the last three decades, is a powerful way to study molecular structures. The method has mostly been applied to small diatomic molecules and to simple polyatomic molecules. In this thesis, Coulomb explosion imaging is applied to study the structure of isomers, molecules that have the same chemical formula but different chemical structures. Specifically, by taking inner-shell photoionization as well as strong-field ionization approaches to ionize and fragment the molecules and by using coincidence electron-ion-ion momentum imaging techniques to obtain the three-dimensional momentum of fragment ions, structures of isomers are distinguished by using the correlations among product ion momentum vectors. At first, the study aims to understand if the Coulomb explosion imaging of geometrical isomers can identify and separate cis and trans structures. Secondly, in order to extend the application of the Coulomb explosion imaging method to larger organic molecules to test the feasibility of the method for identifying structural isomers, photoionization studiesof 2,6- and 3,5-difluoroiodobenzene have been conducted. In addition, using the full three-dimensional kinematic information of multi-fold coincidence channels, breakup dynamics of both cis/trans geometric isomers and structural isomers, and in particular, sequential fragmentation dynamics of the difluoroiodobenzene isomers are studied. Furthermore, for each study, Coulomb explosion model simulations are conducted to complement the experimental results. The results of the Coulomb explosion imaging reseach in this thesis paves the way for future time-resolved Coulomb explosion imaging experiments aiming to understand the transient molecular dynamics such as photoinduced ring opening reactions and cis/trans isomerization processes in gas-phase molecules.
Download or read book The Spectra and Dynamics of Diatomic Molecules written by Helene Lefebvre-Brion and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2004-04-02 with total page 797 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: And concluding with some examples of polyatomic molecule dynamics. P Students will discover that there is a fascinating world of cause-and-effect localized dynamics concealed beyond the reduction of spectra to archival molecular constants and the exact ab initio computation of molecular properties.-
Download or read book Reaction Dynamics of Multiphoton Ionization State selected Polyatomic Ion molecule Reactions written by Hunghsin Fu and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Photodissociation Dynamics written by Reinhard Schinke and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1993-04-08 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text elucidates the achievements in calculating photodissociation cross sections and fragment state distributions from first principles, starting from multi-dimensional potential energy surfaces and the Schrödinger equation of nuclear motion. Following an extended introduction in which the various types of observables are outlined, the next four chapters summarize the basic theoretical tools, namely the time-independent and time-dependent quantum mechanical approaches as well as the classical picture of photodissociation. The discussion of absorption spectra, diffuse vibrational structures, the vibrational and rotational state distributions of the photofragments form the core of the book. More specific topics such as the dissociation of vibrationally excited molecules, emission during dissociation, or nonadiabatic effects are discussed in the last third of the book.
Download or read book Photoelectron Ion Correlation in Photoionization of a Hydrogen Molecule and Molecule Photon Dynamics in a Cavity written by Takanori Nishi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-03 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the latest theoretical studies giving new predictions and interpretations on the quantum correlation in molecular dynamics induced by ultrashort laser pulses. The author quantifies the amount of correlation in terms of entanglement by employing methods developed in quantum information science, in particular applied to the photoionization of a hydrogen molecule. It is also revealed that the photoelectron–ion correlation affects the vibrational dynamics of the molecular ion and induces the attosecond-level time delay in the molecular vibration. Furthermore, the book also presents how molecular vibration can couple to photons in a plasmoic nanocavity. Physicists and chemists interested in the ultrafast molecular dynamics would be the most relevant readers. They can learn how we can employ the quantum-information-science tools to understand the correlation in the molecular dynamics and why we should consider the correlation between the photoelectron and the molecular ion to describe the ion’s dynamics. They can also learn how to treat a molecule coupled to photons in a nanocavity. All the topics are related to the state-of-the-art experiments, and so, it is important to publish these results to enhance the understanding and to induce new experiments to confirm the theory presented.
Download or read book Recent Advances In Molecular Spectroscopy Of Polyatomic Molecules And Small Clusters written by Koji Kaya and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1994 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ion electron Coincidence Studies of Femtosecond Dynamics Triggered by Extreme Ultraviolet Photoionization of Atoms and Molecules written by Seyyed Javad Robatjazi and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Photoelectron spectroscopy employing X-ray and extreme ultraviolet (XUV) radiation is one of the most important experimental methods to study the electronic structure of atoms, molecules, and solids. Recent developments of XUV and X-ray sources with ultrashort pulse durations, like free-electron lasers (FELs) and high-order harmonics of infrared lasers, enabled combining this approach with a concept of a time-resolved measurement, where a pair of synchronized short light pulses is used to initiate and observe a physical or chemical process of interest. Among other advances, such combination turned out to be particularly useful for atomic physics and gas-phase femtochemistry, where femtosecond or even sub-femtosecond short-wavelength radiation can be used to trigger the dynamics in high-lying states previously inaccessible for time-resolved measurements and offers a variety of novel schemes to probe light-induced electronic and nuclear motion. One of the key challenges for time-domain studies employing short-pulsed radiation sources is that they are necessarily broadband and, thus, typically populate a broad range of atomic of molecular states. The main goal of this thesis is to develop an experimental approach that enables state-selective analysis of the dynamics induced by such broadband femtosecond pulses in the XUV domain, and to apply it to study several exemplary reactions in photoionized molecules. Since reducing the bandwidth of the XUV pulse would ultimately limit the achievable temporal resolution, in this work the challenge of state selectivity is addressed by employing photoelectron-photoion and photoion-photoion coincident measurements. In the experimental apparatus developed as a part of this thesis, a double-sided velocity map imaging (VMI) spectrometer for coincident detection of electrons and ions is combined with a femtosecond pump-probe setup that includes a near-infrared (NIR) laser and a fiber-based XUV source based on high-order harmonics generation. This instrument has been commissioned, characterized, and applied to several time-resolved experiments on atomic and molecular targets. More specifically, this thesis describes three different sets of experiments. First, a brief overview of several XUV-NIR pump-probe measurements addressing two-color single, double or triple ionization of atoms is presented. Here, the main focus is set on capturing generic characteristic features of the corresponding two-color signals, and on revealing physical mechanisms determining their "transient" or "steady" behavior with respect to the time delay between the XUV and NIR pulses. The second series of experiments focuses on exploring coupled electronic and nuclear dynamics in XUV-ionized CO2 molecule probed by the synchronized NIR pulse. This study, which constitutes the central part of the thesis, relies on the detection of the photoelectron that reveals which electronic state is initially populated, in coincidence with ionic fragments, which provide information on the specific dissociation channel of the molecular ion after the interaction with both pulses. Here, we observe signatures of an electron-hole wave packet motion near a conical intersection of two low-lying cationic states, trace rotational dynamics determined by the dependence of the state-specific XUV photoionization cross section on molecular orientation, and disentangle the contributions of individual states to different dissociation pathways. The third series of experiments aims at studying nuclear dynamics in XUV-ionized alcohol molecules, focusing on the channels involving ultrafast hydrogen motion. Here, ion mass spectrometry measurements on methanol and its deuterated isotopologue CH3OH and CD3OH show that, depending on a specific XUV wavelength, the formation of molecular hydrogen or trihydrogen cations can be either dominated by the channels combining the hydrogen from the oxygen site with one or two hydrogens from the methyl carbon, or by the ejections of all hydrogen atoms from the methyl group. Coincident electron spectra for specific ionic fragments enable linking these channels to the calculated dissociation pathways leading to H2+ or H3+ formation. Finally, we present the results of XUV-NIR pump-probe experiments on ethanol, where a transient enhancement of particular dissociation channels has been observed. The experimental methodology presented in this work can be readily extended to a broad range of molecular systems, including both, molecular ions and high-lying excited states of the neutral molecules. At the same time, highly-differential data on small polyatomic molecules like CO2, methanol, and ethanol presented here, can be used to benchmark theoretical models for XUV ionization of these prototypical systems, improving our general understanding of light-induced molecular dynamics.
Download or read book Ultrafast Reaction Dynamics of Polyatomic Molecules Probed by Ionization written by Astrid M. Müller and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
