Download or read book Phonological Interference Between English and Chinese when Learning Mandarin written by Hsing-Yin Cynthia Lin and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 72 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Pinyin system, which is employed in China to teach native Chinese speakers how to read their own language, is also the most accessible and straightforward method currently used to learn Mandarin Chinese in the United States. Because Pinyin uses modified equivalent English letters to help learners to read Chinese characters, native English speakers consider it to be an efficient way of learning Mandarin. On the other hand, the Zhuyin Fuhao system, which is utilized in Taiwan, uses thirty-seven symbols to represent the pronunciation of Chinese characters. It is more difficult for other language speakers to understand, because it is another phonological method that is different from the Romanized Pinyin system. The Romanized system is more familiar to English and other Latin-based language speakers. Either way, the foreign language learners must learn a new phonological system before mastering the Chinese language. This research investigates the question of first language influence on native English speakers when they learn Chinese while they are utilizing either one of the above mentioned systems. Even though Pinyin uses Latin letters to indicate the pronunciation, its production method differs from English phonology. Therefore, an experiment was conducted to identify whether the interference of English phonological awareness affects native English speakers as they attempt to learn Mandarin Chinese language by using the Pinyin system or by using the Zhuyin Fuhao system. The participants are selected from the Chinese School of Great Kansas City. Six children formed the Pinyin group, and eight children are for the Zhuyin Fuhao group. Subjects from both groups recorded the same test content. According to the results, the Pinyin groups present English interference within their production even though the mean score of this group is slightly higher than that of the Zhuyin Fuhao group; on the other hand, the Zhuyin Fuhao groups did not show any interference in their production.

Download or read book Second Language Acquisition of Mandarin Chinese Tones written by Hang Zhang and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2018-07-03 with total page 163 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tones are the most challenging aspect of learning Chinese pronunciation for adult learners and traditional research mostly attributes tonal errors to interference from learners’ native languages. In Second Language Acquisition of Mandarin Chinese Tones, Hang Zhang offers a series of cross-linguistic studies to argue that there are factors influencing tone acquisition that extend beyond the transfer of structures from learners’ first languages, and beyond characteristics extracted from Chinese. These factors include universal phonetic and phonological constraints as well as pedagogical issues. By examining non-native Chinese tone productions made by speakers of non-tonal languages (English, Japanese, and Korean), this book brings together theory and practice and uses the theoretical insights to provide concrete suggestions for teachers and learners of Chinese.

Download or read book Phonological Awareness in Mandarin of Chinese and Americans written by 胡敏 and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phonological awareness (PA) is the ability to analyze spoken language into its component sounds and to manipulate these smaller units. Literature review related to PA shows that a variety of factor groups play a role in PA in Mandarin such as linguistic experience (spoken language, alphabetic literacy, and second language learning), item type, tone context, musical ability, and talker variability. However, most of previous studies focus on the PA of Mandarin tones; only few studies have compared native speakers of Chinese and of other world languages on all levels of PA in Mandarin. The present study is a factorial examination of the effect of various factor groups discussed above on all levels of PA in Mandarin (syllable awareness, onset awareness, rhyme awareness, and tone awareness) by four groups of participants with different linguistic experience, each group having 10 participants. The first and second groups included non-Mandarin Chinese speakers with or without Pinyin alphabetic literacy. The third and fourth groups consisted of native speakers of American English with or without learning experience with Mandarin. Participants were given a syllable same-different task, an onset oddity task, a rhyme oddity task, and a tone identification task. Logistic regression and Chi Square analyses were performed on the responses to these tasks to determine the conditioning effect of different factor groups. Error analyses were also conducted to examine error patterns of the tone awareness task. In addition to confirming the heterogeneity of overall PA established in earlier research, the results demonstrate the relative contributions of several factor groups such as alphabetic literacy, item type, and tone context and raises questions about the relevance of several others such as musical ability and sex of talker. It also provides implications for instructional practice.

Download or read book The Acquisition of Chinese as a Second Language Pronunciation written by Chunsheng Yang and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-22 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first edited book to cover a wide range of issues related to Chinese as a second language (CSL) speech, including tone and segment acquisition and processing, categorical perception of tones, CSL fluency, CSL intelligibility/comprehensibility and accentedness, and pronunciation pedagogy. Moreover, the book addresses both theoretical and pedagogical issues. It offers an essential go-to book for anyone who is interested in CSL speech, e.g. CSL speech researchers, Chinese instructors, CSL learners, and anyone interested in second language speech.

Download or read book A Contrastive Analysis of the Segmental Phonemes of English and Mandarin Chinese written by Jingyun Lee and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sound Systems of Mandarin Chinese and English written by Tsung Chin and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Synchronic Phonology of Mandarin Chinese written by Chin-Chuan Cheng and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2011-05-02 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Synchronic Phonology of Mandarin Chinese.

Download or read book The Acquisition of L2 Mandarin Prosody written by Chunsheng Yang and published by John Benjamins Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-02-11 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the acquisition of L2 Mandarin prosody, a less explored area in SLA. While acknowledging that tone acquisition is one of the most important aspects in acquiring L2 Mandarin phonology, the book demonstrates that phrase- and utterance-level prosody is equally important. Specifically, this book discusses the acquisition of Mandarin lexical tones and utterance-level prosody, the interaction of tones and intonation, the acquisition of Tone 3 sandhis, the temporal differences between L1 and L2 Mandarin discourse, and the relationship between intelligibility, comprehensibility and foreign accent perception in L2 Chinese. In addition, a whole chapter is exclusively devoted to the pedagogy of L2 Mandarin prosody. Studies in this book further our understanding of speech prosody in L1 and L2 and showcase the interesting interaction of phonetics, phonology, and pedagogy in SLA. This book will be of great interest to SLA researchers and graduate students, applied linguists, Chinese linguists, and Chinese practitioners.

Download or read book The Development of a Lexical Tone Phonology in American Adult Learners of Standard Mandarin Chinese written by Sylvia Henel Sun and published by Natl Foreign Lg Resource Ctr. This book was released on 1998 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The study reported in this volume is based on three decades of research on the SLA of Mandarin tone. It investigates whether differences in learners' tone perception and production are related to differences in the effects of certain linguistic, task and learner factors.

Download or read book Teaching Pronunciation written by Marianne Celce-Murcia and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1996-10-13 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This course includes an overview of current theory and practice. The paperback edition offers current and prospective teachers of English a comprehensive treatment of pronunciation pedagogy, drawing on current theory and practice. The text provides an overview of teaching issues from the perspective of different methodologies and second language acquisition research. It has a thorough grounding in the sound system of North American English, and contains insights into how this sound system intersects with listening, morphology, and spelling. It also contains diagnostic tools, assessment measures, and suggestions for syllabus design. Discussion questions encourage readers to draw on their personal language learning/teaching experiences as they assimilate the contents of each chapter. Follow-up exercises guide teachers in developing a range of classroom activities within a communicative framework.

Download or read book The Phonology of Standard Chinese written by San Duanmu and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2007-10-18 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive study of Chinese phonology covers both factual description and theoretical analyses. In addition, efforts have been made to avoid unecessary jargon and to introduce relevant theories in a non-technical way.

Download or read book Second Language Learning and Language Teaching written by Vivian Cook and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-05 with total page 345 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Second Language Learning and Language Teaching provides an introduction to the application of second language acquisition research to language teaching. Assuming no previous background in second language acquisition or language teaching methods, this text starts by introducing readers to the basic issues of second language acquisition research. It then examines how people learn particular aspects of the second language, such as grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation and the writing system, and at the strategies they adopt in their learning and the differences between individuals. Final chapters look at second language learning in a broader context – the goals of language teaching and how teaching methods relate to SLA research. This newly updated fifth edition builds on the comprehensive scope of earlier editions while also addressing more recent developments in the field, particularly multilingual approaches to language teaching.

Download or read book Language Disorders in Speakers of Chinese written by Sam-po Law and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 2009 with total page 326 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Research interest in Chinese language impairments can be traced back to the 1930s. Despite the significant advances made in this field over the past two decades, this body of work has not received the attention it deserves. This book fills a gap in the field and represents the latest research in Chinese language disorders in children and adults. The work presented in this volume addresses theoretical and clinical issues relevant to specific language impairment in children, developmental dyslexia, phonological impairment in children and adults, and acquired dyslexia and dysgraphia. The book will appeal to interdisciplinary researchers from cognitive psychology, linguistics, and neurology with interests in the Chinese language, speech-language therapists working with Chinese-speaking clients, educationists, in particular language teachers of children learning to read and write Chinese, as well as neuroscientists. It will serve as a good reference book for advanced level undergraduate courses or graduate courses in speech/language pathologies and psycholinguistics."--Jacket.

Download or read book Perception and Production of Mandarin Tones by Native Speakers and L2 Learners written by Bei Yang and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-02-10 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tones are the most challenging aspect of learning Chinese as a second language, and L2 learners’ perceptual categories differ in important and fascinating ways from those of native speakers. This book explores the relationship between tone perception and production among native speakers and non-native learners as illustrated in the experiments the author conducted with native speakers, true learners and heritage learners, all of whom were tested on their ability to produce tones naturally and to perceive 81 synthesized tones in various contexts. The experiments show that each group processes tones differently with regard to both register (tonal level) and contour (tonal shape). The results also reveal how three types of cues – acoustic, psychological and contextual – influence non-native speakers’ tone perception and production.

Download or read book Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation Crashing written by Joseph Liu and published by . This book was released on 2019-08-08 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: If you are looking for a book to learn Mandarin pronunciation, look no further. Mandarin Chinese Pronunciation Crashing is the one you really need. It is designed for all levels of Mandarin learners whose mother tongue is English to get to know, improve, and eventually master Mandarin pronunciation. Six strategies are introduced in this book to ensure reaching your goal of learning Mandarin pronunciation: 1. Building a bridge between English and Mandarin pronunciations. This book identifies many similarities that Mandarin and English pronunciations share. Using these similarities between English and Mandarin pronunciations will facilitate and accelerate your Mandarin pronunciation learning process. 2. Offering text and graphic instructions and video demonstrations on Pinyin (the phonological system of Mandarin) sounds. Pronunciation is a sophisticated matter since all of the different vocal parts have to work together to accurately form certain positions and movements for a sound to be correctly pronounced. This book gives detailed text descriptions and diagrams of the vocal parts and their movements in pronouncing every Pinyin sound. Furthermore, video demonstrations for every Pinyin sound are also prepared. The Mandarin sounds that feel so alien to you can be pronounced correctly with the help of these text and graphic instructions and video demonstrations. 3. Applying enunciation-pronouncing Mandarin sounds in a clear and slow manner. Native speakers' oral fluency in their mother tongue is reached through a stage of enunciation that lasts about four to five years in infancy. One mistake many Mandarin teachers and learners often make is to teach and practice pronunciation at the normal speed of native speakers when the learners have just begun studying the language. Consequently, the crucial enunciation stage is omitted, which often leads to either wrong or thickly accented pronunciation. So, the solution to the problem is to restore the stage of enunciation. 4. Providing adequate exercises. Just like developing skills in cooking, drawing, or playing a musical instrument, gaining skills in pronunciation requires a huge amount of practice. For this reason, explanations are given as precisely as possible, and more content is dedicated to different types of exercises in this book. 5. Practicing tongue twisters. You have learned to pronounce a Mandarin sound but you cannot remember the correct pronunciation over time or pronounce the sound as smoothly as native speakers do in a conversation. This is because you have not developed muscle memory to pronounce the sound automatically. Native speakers develop muscle memory for a sound in their native language by repeating it countless times in daily conversations since birth. Foreign language learners don't have the luxury to learn the pronunciation of a new language at the pace native speakers do. The remedy is tongue twisters, which are designed to practice pronunciation in a concentrated, repetitive, and amusing way, have been proven to be a more effective way to develop your muscle memory. 6. Linking pronunciation with real-life oral communication. Medium- or advanced-level learners may have experienced that they can pronounce single Mandarin syllables well but cannot speak smoothly in real-life oral communication, e.g., having a conversation. The reason is that in real-life oral communication, the pronunciations of single syllables are lined together in a sequence, called "speech flow," like a river. In this flow, the pronunciation of a syllable may be different from the way it is pronounced by itself. The learners who lack the ability to adjust the pronunciations of syllables in a speech flow would sound awkward and even incomprehensible. The sixth strategy trains the skills of adjusting the sounds of single syllables and assembling them into a smooth flow of speech.

Download or read book Teaching Chinese as an International Language written by Yeng-Seng Goh and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-08-17 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A lively and accessible account which explores the teaching of Chinese as an international language from a Singapore perspective.

Download or read book Phonology in the Bilingual and Bidialectal Lexicon written by Isabelle Darcy and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2017-07-06 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A conversation between two people can only take place if the words intended by each speaker are successfully recognized. Spoken word recognition is at the heart of language comprehension. This automatic and smooth process remains a challenge for models of spoken word recognition. Both the process of mapping the speech signal onto stored representations for words, and the format of the representation themselves are subject to debate. So far, existing research on the nature of spoken word representations has focused mainly on native speakers. The picture becomes even more complex when looking at spoken word recognition in a second language. Given that most of the world’s speakers know and use more than one language, it is crucial to reach a more precise understanding of how bilingual and multilingual individuals encode spoken words in the mental lexicon, and why spoken word recognition is more difficult in a second language than in the native language. Current models of native spoken word recognition operate under two assumptions: (i) that listeners’ perception of the incoming speech signal is optimal; and (ii) that listeners’ lexical representations are accurate. As a result, lexical representations are easily activated, and intended words are successfully recognized. However, these assumptions are compromised when applied to a later-learned second language. For a variety of reasons (e.g., phonetic/phonological, orthographic), second language users may not perceive the speech signal optimally, and they may still be refining the motor routines needed for articulation. Accordingly, their lexical representations may differ from those of native speakers, which may in turn inhibit their selection of the intended word forms. Second language users also have to solve a larger selection challenge—having words in more than one language to choose from. Thus, for second language users, the links between perception, lexical representations, orthography, and production are all but clear. Even for simultaneous bilinguals, important questions remain about the specificity and interdependence of their lexical representations and the factors influencing cross-language word activation. This Frontiers Research Topic seeks to further our understanding of the factors that determine how multilinguals recognize and encode spoken words in the mental lexicon, with a focus on the mapping between the input and lexical representations, and on the quality of lexical representations.