Download or read book Phenotypic Plasticity of the Introduced New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum Compared to Sympatric Native Snails written by Edward P. Levri and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phenotypic plasticity is likely to be important in determining the invasive potential of a species, especially if invasive species show greater plasticity or tolerance compared to sympatric native species. Here in two separate experiments we compare reaction norms in response to two environmental variables of two clones of the New Zealand mud snail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, isolated from the United States, (one invasive and one not yet invasive) with those of two species of native snails that are sympatric with the invader, Fossaria bulimoides group and Physella gyrina group. We placed juvenile snails in environments with high and low conductivity (300 and 800 mS) in one experiment, and raised them at two different temperatures (16°C and 22°C) in a second experiment. Growth rate and mortality were measured over the course of 8 weeks. Mortality rates were higher in the native snails compared to P. antipodarum across all treatments, and variation in conductivity influenced mortality. In both experiments, reaction norms did not vary significantly between species. There was little evidence that the success of the introduced species is a result of greater phenotypic plasticity to these variables compared to the sympatric native species.
Download or read book Contributions to Phenotypic Plasticity and DNA Methylation in Molluscs with Special Emphasis on the Highly Invasive New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum Gray 1843 written by Lisa Männer and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Itinerario de la Retirada quel el Gobierno constitucional oblig a hacer a sus Majestades y toda su Familia a Cadiz en Febrero de 1823 a causa de una invas on por el ep rcito franc s dictado por Fernando VII Madrid 1824 dans Biblioteca de Autores espa oles T 98 Memorias de Tiempo de Fernando VII T 2 Ed y estudio preliminar de Miguel Artolu p 441 473 written by and published by . This book was released on 19?? with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Impacts of the Invasive New Zealand Mud Snail in Aquatic Food Webs written by Valance Elisabeth Furth Brenneis and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biological invasions have become increasingly common in our globalized society. An important goal of invasion research is to understand how the successful establishment of invasive species can both affect and be affected by the diversity of recipient communities. In chapter one, I introduce my study system and several important concepts in invasion ecology that are addressed by this dissertation. In chapter two, I use the framework of the "invasion paradox" to examine the relationship between the establishment of high densities of the introduced New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) and native community diversity and structure across a range of aquatic systems. Within a highly invaded estuarine system, I examine interactions between this snail and native consumers to better understand the competitive impacts of this species (chapter three). Finally in chapter four, I address the direct and indirect interactions between this snail, predators, and their native prey. Across multiple regions, the highest densities of P. antipodarum were found in systems with lower diversity and density of native invertebrates, however within river systems, there was no correlation between the density of mud snails and native diversity or density. There was no evidence for a negative impact of P. antipodarum on a native estuarine species that overlaps with mud snails in resource use. However, there was evidence for both direct trophic interactions between P. antipodarum and native predators, and indirect effects, in the form of asymmetrical apparent competition with native prey. Indirect effects such as these are less frequently studied but can be important in structuring communities, and demonstrate the complexity of determining the impact of a given invader. Like many successful invasive species, Potamopyrgus antipodarum are tolerant of a wide-range of environmental conditions, allowing them to invade many different habitat types. It is likely that the factors influencing both the success and impact of P. antipodarum differ between these types of communities and further research into the long-term, multi-trophic effects of this introduced species is important.
Download or read book Foraging Differences Between the Native Snail Fossaria Sp and the Invasive New Zealand Mudsnail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum in Response to Phosphorus Limitation written by Brenda K. Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Animals require food adequate in quantity and quality to grow and reproduce. Therefore, environments limited in key nutrients may promote competitive interactions, with the organisms best equipped to exploit these resources gaining a competitive advantage. We compared the foraging behavior of the New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum), a worldwide invader that can dominate secondary productivity to Fossaria (Bakerlymnaea) bulimoides which is native to western North America to determine whether either of these animals modify their behavior to compensate for nutrient limitation. We used the amount of dietary phosphorus (P) as a measure of food quality, because P is often a limiting resource in freshwater ecosystems. We compared the feeding rate and food preference of each snail species to food containing two levels of P. Because potential competitors can also affect foraging decisions, we conducted additional experiments comparing the effects of conspecifics and heterospecifics under low and high biomass. Consistent with predictions, both species increased feeding rate of low P food, and P. antipodarum consumed more food per unit mass than Fossaria. However, only Fossaria displayed a preference for high P food. The two snails also differed in their response to interacting snails. Fossaria significantly reduced foraging activity in the presence of both conspecifics and heterospecifics, while P. antipodarum spent more time feeding under high conspecific density. Although the presence of high densities of P. antipodarum may negatively impact Fossaria in its native habitat, Fossaria?s ability to locate and preferentially feed on higher quality resources may mitigate some of the impact, potentially facilitating coexistence between these two species.
Download or read book Effects of Varying Environments on the Ecology and Evolution of the New Zealand Mud Snail and Its Interactors written by Sarah M. Redd and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determining the Optimal Substrate for the Invasive New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum written by Sally Ghannam and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) is an aquatic invasive species that has been found in many countries and six continents. P. antipodarum can reproduce at a high rate, which leads to a high population growth rate and successful spread of the snail. This could negatively impact ecosystems. The purpose of this work was to determine if certain habitats in streams are better for the snails than others. In this experiment, snails were taken from a population in Spring Creek in Centre County, PA. The snails were grown for eight weeks on four different diets, including leaf litter, woody debris, rocks, and a Spirulina algae powder, which was the control. The size of each snail was measured at the beginning and end of the experiment to determine the mean growth rate. There was a significant difference in growth rates between the different treatments. Snails that grew on leaf litter and woody debris showed higher snail growth rates in comparison to the control and rock treatments. This suggests that some diets are better than others for the mud snail, and that the energy input from outside the aquatic system may be very important in the success of this invader.
Download or read book Invasive and Native Species Interactions written by Heather N. Thon and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasive species can alter the structure and function of ecosystems, reduce biological diversity, and directly change communities through predation, facilitation and competition. The invasive New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) has varying effects on native species in ecosystems where it has been introduced. We used two different experimental designs to study the interactions between P. antipodarum and the native snail, Fossaria (Bakerilymnaea) bulimoides group in Polecat Creek, Wyoming. We predicted that P. antipodarum would compete with Fossaria because they co-occur and consume similar resources. In the first experiment, we investigated growth at low ambient levels of biomass of each species. We found that growth of Fossaria and P. antipodarum was reduced by the presence of all competitors and that Fossaria grew more in intraspecific than interspecific interactions. This result was probably caused by much higher ambient biomass of the invasive P. antipodarum in the interspecific interaction treatment. Therefore, in our second experiment, we investigated how the snails interacted at an equal, higher biomass. Although growth of Fossaria was nearly halted at this high biomass of competitors, P. antipodarum grew fourteen times faster than the native despite removing less algae. In the high biomass treatment, growth of P. antipodarum was facilitated by the presence of Fossaria. Overall, although growth of both snail species was reduced by the biomass of competitors, for Fossaria, growth was reduced at a rate that was four times higher than P. antipodarum. We concluded that any negative effects on Fossaria do not appear to be caused by traits of P. antipodarum, per se, but rather by a high biomass of snails that occurs when they are highly abundant.
Download or read book Interactions Between the Invasive New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum Baetid Mayflies and Fish Predators written by Chelsea Ann Cada and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum; NZMS) is among the most globally widespread aquatic invaders, colonizing at least 40 countries across 6 continents. NZMS have recently colonized rivers of the Laurentian Great Lakes region, where little is known about their impacts on the native communities of the ecosystems they invade. In chapter one, I present the results of a systematic review of 245 articles, and outline NZMS impacts, distribution, population dynamics, vectors of spread, and management. The invasion success of NZMS stems from their opportunistic traits allowing them to tolerate broad ranges of environmental conditions. However, optimal conditions for successful establishment are evident. NZMS can become exceptionally abundant and impact multiple facets of aquatic ecosystems, though populations can fluctuate seasonally and over longer time scales, likely due to environmental constraints. In chapter two, I tested the efficacy of three different chemical reagents for NZMS decontamination on recreational fishing gear and combined these results with results of a self-administered public survey gauging the level of willingness of individuals have to participate in a given NZMS decontamination technique. The greatest mortality of NZMS was caused by Formula 409, and participants of the survey revealed Formula 409 to be the chemical they'd be most willing to use. Chapter three outlines an investigation of the effects of NZMS on the diets and conditions of fish in a recently invaded stream, the Au Sable River (Michigan, USA). Trout consumed NZMS throughout the duration of the study, while sculpin minimally consumed NZMS. Of the 83 trout collected, 60% contained NZMS in their stomachs, Age 2 trout that consumed NZMS exhibited reduced condition relative to those that contained fewer NZMS. Lastly, chapter four consists of a study to characterize NZMS population dynamics and their effects on native benthic invertebrates in the Au Sable River. NZMS populations exhibited pronounced seasonality with peak densities typically occurring during the summer and autumn of each year. NZMS numerically dominated the benthic community and were associated with differences in the overall benthic community composition. The results of these studies highlight how NZMS can affect native communities and higher consumers in rivers of the Great Lakes region and contribute to a more robust understanding of the global NZMS invasion, such that undesired impacts can be minimized or averted.
Download or read book Phosphorus mediated Changes in Life History Traits of the Invasive New Zealand Mudsnail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum written by Teresa M. Tibbets and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the mechanisms that species use to succeed in new environments is vital to predicting the extent of invasive species impacts. Food quality is potentially important because it can affect population dynamics by affecting life history traits. The New Zealand mudsnail, Potamopyrgus antipodarum, is a worldwide invader. We examined how mudsnail growth rate and fecundity responded to the C:P ratio of algal food in laboratory conditions. Mudsnails fed low-P algae (C:P 1,119) grew more slowly, matured later, produced smaller offspring, and grew to a smaller adult size than snails reared on algae with high levels of P. A relatively small increase in algal C:P (203?270) significantly increased mudsnail age at maturity. We suggest that the relatively high body P requirements of mudsnails make them susceptible to allocation trade-offs between growth and reproduction under P-limited conditions. The elemental composition of algae varies greatly in nature, and over half of the rock biofilms in streams surveyed within the introduced range of mudsnails in the Greater Yellowstone Area had C:P ratios above which could potentially pose P limitation of life history traits. High growth rate and fecundity are common traits of many species that become invasive and are also associated with high-P demands. Therefore, fast-growing consumers with high P demands, such as mudsnails, are potentially more sensitive to P limitation suggesting that limitation of growth and reproduction by food quality is an important factor in understanding the resource demands of invasive species.
Download or read book Impacts of the Invasive New Zealand Mudsnail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum as Leaf Litter Decomposers written by Mara Alicia Evans and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introduction and establishment of non-indigenous invasive species (NIS) is a persistent global phenomenon that jeopardizes biodiversity and ecosystem processes in a large number of ecosystems. Ecologists and ecosystem managers continue to assess invasion strategies and the effect of NIS on ecosystem processes. This dissertation examines the state of knowledge of the New Zealand mudsnail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum Gastropoda: Hydrobiidae) invasions in lotic habitats. I begin with a review of the known and expected impacts of the mudsnail invasion, and use a food web framework to examine review how mudsnails affect trophic interactions within and across ecosystems. In the subsequent chapter I tested if New Zealand mudsnails accelerate the rate of leaf litter decomposition, and examined how mudsnail density affects leaf litter decomposition. Bags containing air-dried White Alder (Alnus rhombifolia) leaves were submerged in an invaded creek, and leaf mass loss and invertebrate recruitment were measured over 28 days. Leaf litter that was exposed to adult mudsnails lost 30% of its mass over 28 days, but treatments where adult mudsnails were excluded lost only 15% of leaf litter mass. In a second experiment we manipulated mudsnail densities within leaf litter bags. Increasing mudsnail densities also resulted in faster rates of litter decomposition. In the last chapter I assess how mudsnails affect leaf litter decomposition with increasing resource diversity. Bags containing air-dried A. rhombifolia, cottonwood (Populus fremontii) and valley oak (Quercus lobata), in one, two and three species combinations were deployed in an invaded and an uninvaded stream. I found that regardless of leaf litter diversity cottonwood decays at a faster rate than alder and valley oak, respectively and mudsnails do not accelerate leaf litter decomposition. I also found that in streams invaded with mudsnails, macroinvertebrate diversity is highest in high diversity (three species) leaf litter packs. This research I present here illustrates the complex role that an invasive generalist consumer can play in aquatic habitats.
Download or read book Investigations of the Invasive New Zealand Mudsnail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum in Idaho written by Christopher A. James and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tolerance of the Invasive New Zealand Mud Snail to Various Decontamination Procedures written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In an attempt to stop the spread of invasive species, state governments have established decontamination procedures for use on contaminated equipment. However, different species can tolerate various procedures depending on their morphology and physiology. The New Zealand mud snail (Potamopyrgus antipodarum) is invasive to the United States and may alter the food web of streams due to the snail's high reproductive ability, causing potential problems for native trout populations and local economies. We collected mud snails from the recently invaded Black Earth Creek, WI and tested their tolerance to decontamination protocols being considered by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Treatments included immersion in bleach (200 & 400 ppm), salt (35 ppt), full strength Formula 409, and the standard disinfectant Virkon (2.0%). We also tested effectiveness of spraying vs. immersion of Formula 409 and interference of mud with the cleaning procedure. Snails remained viable after immersion for up to 30 minutes in bleach and salt baths but exposure in Formula 409 baths killed all snails after 10 minutes. The effectiveness of spraying was more variable than immersion. However the percentage mortality in both techniques was significantly decreased by the presence of mud. These results provide a scientific basis for future invasive species management decisions.
Download or read book Effects of Leaf Litter Species on Invasive New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus Antipodarum Growth Rates and Detection Using Edna written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The New Zealand mud snail (NZMS) is an invasive species in the Laurentian Great Lakes region where populations have existed in the Great Lakes since at least 1991, with recent secondary invasions into Michigan rivers. Factors that influence growth rates of populations and individuals have yet to be determined. As herbivore-detritivores, the species of leaves NZMS consume could affect growth rates and, ultimately, their success as invaders. I conducted two experiments to evaluate the effects of different litter species on NZMS individual and population growth rates. We found significantly different individual growth rates among litter species, but found no differences in population growth among species. Additionally, I aimed to develop an environmental DNA sampling method, that could easily be followed by citizen scientists, to track invasive populations of NZMS in Michigan. The results of this research can help provide powerful tools to aid in invasive species detection and management.
Download or read book Distribution and Population Dynamics of the New Zealand Mud Snail Potamopyrgus Atipodarm in the Corte Madera Creek Watershed CA written by Christina Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 55 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Invasive species can have severe ecological impacts in aquatic environments; knowing how to control the spread and reduce the abundance of these species is vital in restoration ecology efforts. I documented the distribution and abundance of New Zealand MudSnail (Potamopyrgus Antipodarum) in an unregulated Mediterranean climate stream in coastal California (Corte Madera Creek, Marin County), and compared those patterns to hydrologic and other environmental factors. This study evaluated NZMS population dynamics and water quality during a two-year period from 2015 to 2017 that encompassed a major drought as well as a period of high flows. Based on an assumed point of introduction, the upstream movement of NZMS was between 0.27 and 0.35 km per year and the downstream movement was at least 1.45 km per year. Out of seven water quality parameters that were examined, only phosphate was significantly different between invaded and non-invaded sites. I observed a large decline in abundance following periods of high flows, suggesting hydrology may have a strong influence on NZMS; however, the relationship of flow was not statistically significant when considered on its own. However, when flow was considered with other factors such as sampling date, conductance and turbidity, then their collective influence on snail densities was significant. This study supports healthy unaltered ecosystems as being a vital part of invasive species control mechanisms.
Download or read book Stop the Invasion written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
