Download or read book Phenotypic Characterization of Local Chickens written by Michael Augustus Entsuah and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The distribution and density of birds vary from place to place. Local chickens, which are not properly characterized, have been found to vary widely in body size conformation, plumage colour and other phenotypic characteristics (Mogesse, 2007). The productivity of indigenous birds under the rural production systems has been reported to be very low (Teketel, 1986). This low productivity may be attributed to lack of improved poultry breeds, the presence of predators, the incidence of chicken diseases, poor feeding and management factors(Alemu, 1995; Alemu and Tadelle, 1997). Hence, the FAO of the United Nations has proposed an integrated programme for the global management of genetic resources on an international level. This is being developed by FAO, with the main objective of assisting countries by providing extensive searchable databases and guidelines for better characterization, utilization and conservation of animal genetic resources. Accordingly, this study sought to unearth the variation among local chickens in other part of the country in terms of feather distribution and structure, the presence of genes responsible for such variation and other morphological features.
Download or read book Phenotypic Characterization of indigenous Chicken Ecotypes in Northwollo Amhara Regional State Ethiopia written by Addisu Hailu and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2013-01-09 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2012 in the subject Agrarian Studies, Bahir Dar University, course: animal genetics and breeding, language: English, abstract: ABSTRACT Phenotypic characterization of indigenous chicken ecotypes was conducted in North Wollo from January 2011 to May 2012 with the objectives of characterizing indigenous chicken and their production system. Simultaneously, identification of development intervention for improved utilization of chicken genetic resources was also identified. In the first part of data collection, one focused group discussion per agro-ecological zones was held. Then, administration of well-structured questionnaire and morphometric measurement were employed. Measured quantitative traits of chicken among the three altitudes were analyzed by linear model of SAS 2002 for male and female chickens separately. Subsequently, mean value of each traits were compared using Tukey’s mean comparison method. Multivariate analysis of principal component analysis, canonical discriminant, step-wise discriminant and clustering analysis was performed by SPSS 19.0 for male and female chicken ecotype separately. Nechi (17.6%), Tikur (12.6%) and Key (10.8%) plumage colour were found dominantly all over the study area. Findings of the focus group discussion revealed that there were morphologically differences among chickens of high altitude, mid altitude and low altitude study areas. Similarly, findings from the semi-structured questioner revealed that indigenous chicken ecotypes are dual-purpose. The critical constraints of scavenging chicken production were disease (60.13%) predators (20.59%) and feed shortage (19.28%). Number of egg lay/clutch (37.91%) and plumage colour (37.58%) were the major preferred trait by the farmers in the study area. For qualitative and quantitative study, 715 sample chickens were recorded by category of agro-ecology. Linear measurements on six traits were taken from 210 mature male and 305 mature female chickens. The overall mean body weight of indigenous male and female chickens was 1500.97gm and 1253.36gm respectively. The overall age at sexual maturity for male and female was 24.25 ± 0.04 and 23.84 ± 0.05 weeks respectively. There was highly significant difference (p
Download or read book On Farm Phenotypic Characterization of Indigenous Chicken written by Fereja Getachew and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2015-11-30 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the important roles of local chickens, rearing them can be considered as a side line agricultural activity. However, the indigenous chicken populations have been neglected by conservation and development programs. Instead high input demanding exotic commercial chicken breeds are introduced and supported by the government to increase poultry productivity.The most dominant chicken types reared in Ethiopia are local ecotypes, which show a large variation in body conformation, plumage color, comb type and productivity.
Download or read book Phenotypic Characterization and Assessment of Management Practices of Indigenous Chicken in Jimma Zone written by Taju Siraj and published by Grin Publishing. This book was released on 2017-12-07 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Master's Thesis from the year 2017 in the subject Agrarian Studies, language: English, abstract: The study was conducted in Jimma zone of three Agro-ecology in six-selected farmer's kebele starting from March to June 2017 with the aim to phenotypic ally characterize selected indigenous chicken, identify poultry management and breeding practices in three agro-ecologies of Jimma Zone. A survey was carried out on 180 randomly selected respondent as well as 555 heads of native chickens, (445 females and 105 males) for qualitative and quantitative trait measurements. In Ethiopia, the agricultural sector is a corner stone of the economic and social life of the people. The livestock sector in Ethiopia contributes 12% and 33% of the total and agricultural Gross Domestic Product (GDP), respectively, and provides livelihood for 65% of the population. The sector also accounts for 12-15% of the total export earnings. These livestock genetic resources are important or vital to development of the economic, social and environmental of the one country. The diverse agro-ecology and agronomic practice prevailing in the country together with the huge population of livestock in general and poultry in particular, could be a promising attribute to boost up the sector and increase its contribution to the total agricultural output as well as to improve the living standards of the poor livestock keepers. Poultry production, as one segment of livestock production, has a peculiar privilege to contribute to the sector. This is mainly due to their small size and fast reproduction compared to most other livestock and its well fitness with the concept of small-scale agricultural development. Moreover, it goes eco-friendly and does not compete for scarce land rest.The majority of indigenous chickens in the tropics are maintained under village chicken production systems. These production systems are typically characterized by low input and low output systems, mainly in terms of egg and meat p
Download or read book Phenotypic Characterization Genetics and Genomics of Livestock in Low Input Systems written by Mohammed Ali Al Abri and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2022-10-19 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Determination of the Phenotypic Characteristics Production Systems Productivity and Contribution of Local Chickens to Households in North Central Namibia written by Ndahambelela Kahima and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phenotypic Characterization of Animal Genetic Resources written by and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These guidelines are part of a series of publications produced by FAO to support countries in the implementation of the Global Plan of Action for Animal Genetic Resources.
Download or read book Characterisation of Local Chicken in Low Input Low Output Production Systems written by Timothy Nthaziyake Pearson Gondwe and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2005 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Phenotypic and Proteomic Characterisation of Local Chicken Breeds written by Enrico Zanetti and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phenotypic and Genetic Characterization of Local Chicken Ecotypes in Ethiopia written by Tadelle Dessie Alemayhu and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 209 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Village Chicken Production Systems in Rural Africa written by Aichi J. Kitalyi and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1998 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The poultry production systems of Africa are mainly based on the scavenging indigenous chickens found in virtually all villages and households in rural Africa. These systems are characterized by low output per bird. Nevertheless, over 70 percent of the poultry products and 20 percent of animal protein intake in most African countries come from this sector. Therefore, increased rural poultry production would result in a positive impact on household food security both in increased dietary intake and in income generation. ... This study coincided with the World Food Summit, held at FAO, Rome, from 13 to 17 November 1996, where delegations committed their governments and civil society to a global attack on food insecurity and poverty. Poultry, like other short-cycle animal stock, is viewed by the FAO Special Programme for Food Security (SPFS) as a crucial element in the struggle for sustained food production and poverty alleviation. The guidelines provided in this study are particularly pertinent to those countries participating in the SPFS where village chicken production will have a substantial impact on increased household food security and gender equity."--Foreword.
Download or read book Diatoms written by F. E. Round and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2007-12-04 with total page 1208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a wide-ranging introduction to the diatoms together with an illustrated description of over 250 genera. Diatoms are important as perhaps the commonest group of autotrophic plants on earth and are abundant in all waters and on soils and moist surfaces. The introduction describes the diatom cell in detail, the structure of the wall (often extremely beautiful in design), the cell contents and aspects of life cycle and cell division. The generic atlas section is the first account of diatom systematics since 1928 (Karsten in Engler and Prantl: Die Nauturlichen Pflanzenfamilien) and each generic description is accompanied by scanning electron micrographs to show the characteristic structure. Most of the latter have been prepared specially for this work from the authors' own collections. The Diatoms will be the standard reference work on the group for years to come and is an essential reference volume.
Download or read book Characterization of Local Chicken and their Production Systems in Jordan with Comparative Studies on Parasitological Infections written by Anas Abdelqader and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2007-03-06 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main objectives of the current study were to characterize the local chicken (LC) and their production systems in Jordan, to investigate the prevalence of different gastrointestinal helminthes in these systems and to compare the resistance response of LC and Lohmann White (LW) when challenged by different geographic sources of parasites. The study was carried out in the rural areas of northern districts of Jordan. The area is of Mediterranean climate with annual precipitation about 200 - 350 mm. On-farm studies and surveys were carried out in 18 villages with participation of 120 households. The study was accomplished in two phases, the first was conducted from October 2004 to February 2005 and the second was conducted from May to July 2005. On-farm surveys were conducted to investigate biodiversity of LC and their performance potential. A sample of 846 adult LC was phenotypically characterized based on morphology, feather colors, comb shape, and performance. The level of morphological and phenotypic heterogeneity was high. The most predominant chicken type was Baladi chicken (67.3 %) followed by Pakistani (27.7 %) and Brahma (5 %). Naked neck and Frizzled phenotype were occasionally observed in the study area. The Baladi type was characterized by its small size compared to Pakistani and Brahma. It has horizontal body position and large vertical tail. Pakistani type characterized by the upright stance, larger body size than Baladi, the tail slope to be horizontal rather than vertical, soft and long feather, prominent shoulders and narrow stern. Braham has a very large body size, heavy bone and muscles. They are highly feathered birds with heavily feathered legs and toes. Many plumage colors were observed in LC populations. Individual chicken might have single, two or many colors (mottled). The mottled was the most predominant (23.1 %) followed by the black (19.5 %) and light brownish color (19.1 %). Brown and black was relatively prevalent (17.0 %). Other variants like spotted, grey, red, spangled green, and yellow were seen in different proportions. Many comb variants were found, the single comb type was the most predominant (80.3 %). Other variants were Buttercup shape, Double, Pea shape and V-shaped with feather cap.
Download or read book Underutilized and Underexploited Horticultural Crops Vol 03 written by K.V. Peter and published by New India Publishing. This book was released on 2008-06-02 with total page 482 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The series Underutilized and Underexploited Horticultural Crops are reviewed in several science journals for its uniqueness and richness in content and botanical information. Enlarging the food base and food basket along with validated information on plants for industry, dyes, timber, energy and medicine is the core theme of the series. The third volume has 25 chapters written by 46 scientists from UK, Mexico, Spain, India, USA, Turkey and Nigeria. The crops covered are atuna, African de bolita, capers and caper plants, kair, natural dye plants, plants used for dye sources, underutilized wild edible fruits of Kerala, bael, carambola, tropical plum, citrus, fig, guava, star gooseberry, hog-plum, underutilized leaf vegetables of sub-Himalayan terai region, underutilized vegetables of Tripura, agathi and chekkurmanis, celosia, colocasia, edible begonias, kangkong, underutilized palms, Atuna and African de bolita are new crops to Indian readeNatural dyes are attaining significant commercial importance in view of the negative effects of synthetic dyes which are allergic and in a few cases carcinogenic. Underutilized fruits like bael, carambola, tropical plum, fig, star gooseberry and hog-plum are receiving attention in view of their wider adaptability and suitability to grow under conditions of stress. Underexploited leaf vegetables like agathi, chekkurmanis, celosia, edible begonias and kangkong have been given prominence. Prof.Ghillean T Prance, FRS has contributed the chapter on Atuna. The Editor is Dr K V Peter Former Vice-Chancellor, Kerala Agricultural University.
Download or read book Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Two Randombred Sub samples of Chickens Derived from the Same Source written by Ngo thi Ngoc-Dieu and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Characterization of Tanzanian Indigenous Chickens in Relation to the Worldwide Spectrum of Chicken Diversity written by Charles Moses Lyimo and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2015-03-31 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Poultry production is the most dynamic sector that signified the rapid growth of all meat sectors during the last decades (FAO, 2010). The global growth of poultry industry reflects an increase of world meat demand and consumption (de Haan et al., 2001; Delego, 2003; Delgado et al., 2008; Narrod et al., 2008; Trostle and Seeley, 2013; FAO 2014). Among the poultry species, chickens are the humankind’s most common and widespread birds. Chicken meat represents 88% of poultry meat output (Global Poultry Trends, 2014). Although the demand of chicken products has increased tremendously due to not only the fast growth of world population but also the increase of per capita global consumption of meat, nearly one third of chicken breeds are reported to be at risk of extinction (Pym, 2010). This is alarming and thereby calls for an assessment of the existing genetic resources, because many of the varieties which are at risk may have traits that can be valuable in future environmental challenges and marketing demands. Genetic variability in chickens is the best insurance for the adaptation and sustainable production for the future unpredictable needs (Simianer and Meyer, 2003). One of the important elements concerning sustainable use of animal genetic resources is to ensure that locally adapted populations remain a functional part of production systems.
Download or read book Introduction to WinBUGS for Ecologists written by Marc Kéry and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-19 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to WinBUGS for Ecologists introduces applied Bayesian modeling to ecologists using the highly acclaimed, free WinBUGS software. It offers an understanding of statistical models as abstract representations of the various processes that give rise to a data set. Such an understanding is basic to the development of inference models tailored to specific sampling and ecological scenarios. The book begins by presenting the advantages of a Bayesian approach to statistics and introducing the WinBUGS software. It reviews the four most common statistical distributions: the normal, the uniform, the binomial, and the Poisson. It describes the two different kinds of analysis of variance (ANOVA): one-way and two- or multiway. It looks at the general linear model, or ANCOVA, in R and WinBUGS. It introduces generalized linear model (GLM), i.e., the extension of the normal linear model to allow error distributions other than the normal. The GLM is then extended contain additional sources of random variation to become a generalized linear mixed model (GLMM) for a Poisson example and for a binomial example. The final two chapters showcase two fairly novel and nonstandard versions of a GLMM. The first is the site-occupancy model for species distributions; the second is the binomial (or N-) mixture model for estimation and modeling of abundance. Introduction to the essential theories of key models used by ecologists Complete juxtaposition of classical analyses in R and Bayesian analysis of the same models in WinBUGS Provides every detail of R and WinBUGS code required to conduct all analyses Companion Web Appendix that contains all code contained in the book and additional material (including more code and solutions to exercises)
