Download or read book Phase Transformations in Multicomponent Melts written by Dieter M. Herlach and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-06-10 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bringing together the concerted efforts of the multicomponent materials community in one decisive reference work, this handbook covers all the important aspects from fundamentals to applications: thermodynamics, microscopic processes, solidification, simulation and modeling. As such, it provides a vital understanding of melt and solidification processes, treating all simulation techniques for continuous and discrete systems, such as molecular dynamics, Monte Carlo, and finite elements calculations.

Download or read book Solidification of Containerless Undercooled Melts written by Dieter M. Herlach and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-05-21 with total page 569 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All metallic materials are prepared from the liquid state as their parent phase. Solidification is therefore one of the most important phase transformation in daily human life. Solidification is the transition from liquid to solid state of matter. The conditions under which material is transformed determines the physical and chemical properties of the as-solidified body. The processes involved, like nucleation and crystal growth, are governed by heat and mass transport. Convection and undercooling provide additional processing parameters to tune the solidification process and to control solid material performance from the very beginning of the production chain. To develop a predictive capability for efficient materials production the processes involved in solidification have to be understood in detail. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the solidification of metallic melts processed and undercooled in a containerless manner by drop tube, electromagnetic and electrostatic levitation, and experiments in reduced gravity. The experiments are accompanied by model calculations on the influence of thermodynamic and hydrodynamic conditions that control selection of nucleation mechanisms and modify crystal growth development throughout the solidification process.

Download or read book Continuum Scale Simulation of Engineering Materials written by Dierk Raabe and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 885 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book fills a gap by presenting our current knowledge and understanding of continuum-based concepts behind computational methods used for microstructure and process simulation of engineering materials above the atomic scale. The volume provides an excellent overview on the different methods, comparing the different methods in terms of their respective particular weaknesses and advantages. This trains readers to identify appropriate approaches to the new challenges that emerge every day in this exciting domain. Divided into three main parts, the first is a basic overview covering fundamental key methods in the field of continuum scale materials simulation. The second one then goes on to look at applications of these methods to the prediction of microstructures, dealing with explicit simulation examples, while the third part discusses example applications in the field of process simulation. By presenting a spectrum of different computational approaches to materials, the book aims to initiate the development of corresponding virtual laboratories in the industry in which these methods are exploited. As such, it addresses graduates and undergraduates, lecturers, materials scientists and engineers, physicists, biologists, chemists, mathematicians, and mechanical engineers.

Download or read book Topological Optimization and Optimal Transport written by Maïtine Bergounioux and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2017-08-07 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: By discussing topics such as shape representations, relaxation theory and optimal transport, trends and synergies of mathematical tools required for optimization of geometry and topology of shapes are explored. Furthermore, applications in science and engineering, including economics, social sciences, biology, physics and image processing are covered. Contents Part I Geometric issues in PDE problems related to the infinity Laplace operator Solution of free boundary problems in the presence of geometric uncertainties Distributed and boundary control problems for the semidiscrete Cahn–Hilliard/Navier–Stokes system with nonsmooth Ginzburg–Landau energies High-order topological expansions for Helmholtz problems in 2D On a new phase field model for the approximation of interfacial energies of multiphase systems Optimization of eigenvalues and eigenmodes by using the adjoint method Discrete varifolds and surface approximation Part II Weak Monge–Ampere solutions of the semi-discrete optimal transportation problem Optimal transportation theory with repulsive costs Wardrop equilibria: long-term variant, degenerate anisotropic PDEs and numerical approximations On the Lagrangian branched transport model and the equivalence with its Eulerian formulation On some nonlinear evolution systems which are perturbations of Wasserstein gradient flows Pressureless Euler equations with maximal density constraint: a time-splitting scheme Convergence of a fully discrete variational scheme for a thin-film equatio Interpretation of finite volume discretization schemes for the Fokker–Planck equation as gradient flows for the discrete Wasserstein distance

Download or read book Solidification and Crystallization written by Dieter M. Herlach and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2006-03-06 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Current interest in research of solidification of melts is focussed to understand crystal nucleation and crystal growth. They determine the solidified product with its physical properties. A detailed description of these processes lead to the development and validation of physical models, which may form the basis of quantitative modelling of solidification routes in e.g. casting and foundry processes in order to develop a predictive capability in the design of materials during solidification. This book, based on a symposium held at EUROMAT 2003 aims to gives an overview on current developments in the research of solidification and crystallisation of liquids. The materials of interest range from metals and their alloys over semiconductors and isolators to organic substances.

Download or read book Phase Transformations in Metals and Alloys Revised Reprint written by David A. Porter and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-02-10 with total page 538 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expanded and revised to cover developments in the field over the past 17 years, and now reprinted to correct errors in the prior printing, Phase Transformation in Metals and Alloys, Third Edition provides information and examples that better illustrate the engineering relevance of this topic. It supplies a comprehensive overview of specific types o

Download or read book Developing Solid Oral Dosage Forms written by Yihong Qiu and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-11-08 with total page 1178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developing Solid Oral Dosage Forms: Pharmaceutical Theory and Practice, Second Edition illustrates how to develop high-quality, safe, and effective pharmaceutical products by discussing the latest techniques, tools, and scientific advances in preformulation investigation, formulation, process design, characterization, scale-up, and production operations. This book covers the essential principles of physical pharmacy, biopharmaceutics, and industrial pharmacy, and their application to the research and development process of oral dosage forms. Chapters have been added, combined, deleted, and completely revised as necessary to produce a comprehensive, well-organized, valuable reference for industry professionals and academics engaged in all aspects of the development process. New and important topics include spray drying, amorphous solid dispersion using hot-melt extrusion, modeling and simulation, bioequivalence of complex modified-released dosage forms, biowaivers, and much more. Written and edited by an international team of leading experts with experience and knowledge across industry, academia, and regulatory settings Includes new chapters covering the pharmaceutical applications of surface phenomenon, predictive biopharmaceutics and pharmacokinetics, the development of formulations for drug discovery support, and much more Presents new case studies throughout, and a section completely devoted to regulatory aspects, including global product regulation and international perspectives

Download or read book Nucleation and the Properties of Undercooled Melts written by Livio Battezzati and published by Trans Tech Publications Ltd. This book was released on 2002-03-01 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nucleation is a central topic in Materials Science because it initiates most phase transformations. When a new phase appears within an existing phase, seeds must form before growth can occur within the given volume. The study of nucleation treats the very early stages, which involve only a limited number of atoms or molecules. It is a branch of fundamental research which has far-reaching implications for processes where nucleation is of paramount relevance to phase and microstructure selection. The development of any new material or processing route always leads to renewed interest in the topic.

Download or read book Microstructural Design of Advanced Engineering Materials written by Dmitri A. Molodov and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-07-17 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The choice of a material for a certain application is made taking into account its properties. If, for example one would like to produce a table, a hard material is needed to guarantee the stability of the product, but the material should not be too hard so that manufacturing is still as easy as possible - in this simple example wood might be the material of choice. When coming to more advanced applications the required properties are becoming more complex and the manufacturer`s desire is to tailor the properties of the material to fit the needs. To let this dream come true, insights into the microstructure of materials is crucial to finally control the properties of the materials because the microstructure determines its properties. Written by leading scientists in the field of microstructural design of engineering materials, this book focuses on the evolution and behavior of granular microstructures of various advanced materials during plastic deformation and treatment at elevated temperatures. These topics provide essential background and practical information for materials scientists, metallurgists and solid state physicists.

Download or read book Casting Aluminum Alloys written by Michael V Glazoff and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2018-09-03 with total page 562 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Casting Aluminum Alloys, Second Edition, the follow up to the fall 2007 work on the structure, properties, thermal resistance, corrosion and fatigue of aluminum alloys in industrial manufacturing, discusses findings from the past decade, including sections on new casting alloys, novel casting technologies, and new methods of alloys design. The book also includes other hot topics, such as the implementation of computational technologies for the calculation of phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of alloys, the development of software for calculation of diffusion processes in aluminum alloys, computational modeling of solidification microstructure and texture evolution of multi-component aluminum materials. In addition to changes in computational predictive abilities, there is a review of novel casting aluminum alloy compositions and properties, as well as descriptions of new casting technologies and updates to coverage on the mechanical properties of aluminum casting alloys. Presents a discussion of thermodynamic calculations used for assessing non-equilibrium solidifications of casting aluminum alloys Expands coverage of mathematical models for alloy mechanical properties, helping facilitate the selection of the best prospective candidate for new alloy development Contains a new section that describes the self-consistent evaluation of phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties of aluminum alloys

Download or read book Complex Metallic Alloys written by Jean-Marie Dubois and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-12-13 with total page 428 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering fundamental research as well as real-world applications, this first book on CMAs at an introductory level treats everything from atomistic details to surface processing. Comprehensive, self-contained chapters provide readers with the latest knowledge on the most salient features of the topic, selected in terms of their relevance to potential technological applications. Edited by one of the most distinguished authorities on quasicrystals and this most important of their subclasses, the contributions elucidate aspects of CMAs from a particular viewpoint: physical and chemical characteristics in the sub-nanometer regime, mesoscale phenomena, preparation and processing of thin films, and large-scale engineering properties. The whole is rounded off by a look at the commercial potential of CMA-based applications. For PhD students and lecturers alike.

Download or read book Nanorods and Nanocomposites written by Morteza Sasani Ghamsari and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2020-03-11 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book, Nanorods and Nanocomposites aims to provide the reader with an overview of the recent advances made on the synthesis of nanorods and nanocomposites and their emerging applications for a better lifestyle. The nanorods are a surprising gift to materials science from the research field of nanoscale materials. Nanorods promise to serve as a building block of the next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Nanocomposite materials are multiphase solid materials that have one organic or inorganic nanoarchitectured compound with various nanostructures, such as nanoparticles, nanowires, nanorods, and nano-films, etc., or with multiphase solid materials (metals, oxides, polymers, and carbon). Due to the progressive physical, chemical, electrical, thermal, optical, electrochemical, and catalytic properties of nanocomposites, they exhibit multi-functional characteristics in a variety of engineering applications such as piezoelectrics, thermoresistors, sensors, energy-related technologies, water purification catalysts, electro-photonics, and so on. Despite the wide variety of applications due to their unique nanostructures, the fabrication of nanocomposites and the realization of their applications in different fields remains a challenging task. The focus of this book is to provide a platform for presentation of the latest knowledge and recent progress in synthesis, functionalization, and applications of nanocomposite materials. It is expected that this book presents the most attractive and versatile technological developments in the field of nanorods and nanocomposite materials and their applications that will provide a better understanding of the currently ongoing research in related fields.

Download or read book Rate Processes of Extractive Metallurgy written by Hong Yong Sohn and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 481 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Computer technology in the past fifteen years has essentially rev olutionized engineering education. Complex systems involving coupled mass transport and flow have yielded to numerical analysis even for relatively complex geometries. The application of such technology together with advances in applied physical chemistry have justified a general updating of the field of heterogeneous kinetics in extractive metallurgy. This book is an attempt to cover significant areas of extrac tive metallurgy from the viewpoint of heterogeneous kinetics. Kinetic studies serve to elucidate fundamental mechanisms of reac tions and to provide data for engineering applications, including improved ability to scale processes up from bench to pilot plant. The general theme of this book is the latter-the scale-up. The practicing engineer is faced with problems of changes of order of magnitude in reactor size. We hope that the fundamentals of heterogeneous kinetics will provide increasing ability for such scale-up efforts. Although ther modynamics is important in defining potential reaction paths and the end products, kinetic limitations involving molecular reactions, mass trans port, or heat flow normally influence ultimate rates of production. For this reason, rate processes in the general field of extractive metallurgy have been emphasized in this book.

Download or read book Strained Metallic Surfaces written by Valim Levitin and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2009-01-20 with total page 259 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Providing students as well as engineers and researchers with a must-have insight into the complexities of surface structure and behavior, this monograph extends beyond the usual introductory books, presenting concentrated knowledge on the surface science of metals, and connecting fundamentals with actual applications. Beginning with explanations of the intricacies of surfaces and their differences to bulk, it takes the reader through the vital steps towards macroscopic metallic components as well as surface nanostructuring. In so doing, it makes use of theory, experimental techniques, examples, and modeling to facilitate a firm understanding.

Download or read book Boundary Element Methods for Heat Transfer with Phase Change Problems Theory and Application written by S. G. Ahmed and published by Bentham Science Publishers. This book was released on 2022-06-30 with total page 647 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mathematical modelling of free and moving boundary problems are an important topic in engineering, industry, technology and theoretical sciences. These models allow us to make calculations involved in phase change transitions of materials due to heat transfer. Boundary layer applications are widespread in research and industry. Boundary Element Methods for Heat Transfer with Phase Change Problems: Theory and Application equips the reader with information about heat transfer problems occurring during phase changes. The book covers several boundary element methods, including methods for phase changes, fixed and moving domains and new approaches. The contents are rounded off with chapters on numerical results and industrial applications. Key features: - Simple, didactic presentation of boundary layer problems for heat transfer problems - Covers a wide range of boundary element methods - Includes methods for fixed and moving domains - Explains industrial applications of the methods - Includes solutions to numerical problems The book serves as a textbook for students of advanced mathematics and engineering. It is also a handbook for researchers working on numerical analysis, who require a focused volume on boundary element methods for heat transfer applications.

Download or read book Electrospun Nanofibers for Energy and Environmental Applications written by Bin Ding and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2014-04-10 with total page 518 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a comprehensive review of the latest advances in developing functional electrospun nanofibers for energy and environmental applications, which include fuel cells, lithium-ion batteries, solar cells, supercapacitors, energy storage materials, sensors, filtration materials, protective clothing, catalysis, structurally-colored fibers, oil spill cleanup, self-cleaning materials, adsorbents, and electromagnetic shielding. This book is aimed at both newcomers and experienced researchers in the field of nanomaterials, especially those who are interested in addressing energy-related and environmental problems with the help of electrospun nanofibers. Bin Ding, PhD, and Jianyong Yu, PhD, are both Professors at the College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, China.

Download or read book Transport Phenomena in Multiphase Systems written by Amir Faghri and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2006-05-25 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Engineering students in a wide variety of engineering disciplines from mechanical and chemical to biomedical and materials engineering must master the principles of transport phenomena as an essential tool in analyzing and designing any system or systems wherein momentum, heat and mass are transferred. This textbook was developed to address that need, with a clear presentation of the fundamentals, ample problem sets to reinforce that knowledge, and tangible examples of how this knowledge is put to use in engineering design. Professional engineers, too, will find this book invaluable as reference for everything from heat exchanger design to chemical processing system design and more. * Develops an understanding of the thermal and physical behavior of multiphase systems with phase change, including microscale and porosity, for practical applications in heat transfer, bioengineering, materials science, nuclear engineering, environmental engineering, process engineering, biotechnology and nanotechnology * Brings all three forms of phase change, i.e., liquid vapor, solid liquid and solid vapor, into one volume and describes them from one perspective in the context of fundamental treatment * Presents the generalized integral and differential transport phenomena equations for multi-component multiphase systems in local instance as well as averaging formulations. The molecular approach is also discussed with the connection between microscopic and molecular approaches * Presents basic principles of analyzing transport phenomena in multiphase systems with emphasis on melting, solidification, sublimation, vapor deposition, condensation, evaporation, boiling and two-phase flow heat transfer at the micro and macro levels * Solid/liquid/vapor interfacial phenomena, including the concepts of surface tension, wetting phenomena, disjoining pressure, contact angle, thin films and capillary phenomena, including interfacial balances for mass, species, momentum, and energy for multi-component and multiphase interfaces are discussed * Ample examples and end-of-chapter problems, with Solutions Manual and PowerPoint presentation available to the instructors