EBookClubs

Read Books & Download eBooks Full Online

EBookClubs

Read Books & Download eBooks Full Online

Book Personal Scrum

    Book Details:
  • Author : Simon Kneafsey
  • Publisher : TheScrumMaster.co.uk
  • Release : 2022-11-08
  • ISBN : 173916380X
  • Pages : 142 pages

Download or read book Personal Scrum written by Simon Kneafsey and published by TheScrumMaster.co.uk. This book was released on 2022-11-08 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Creator of the Personal Scrum System, Simon Kneafsey explains how to use the secrets of the big tech companies to achieve your goals and lead a successful life. The Personal Scrum System is based on Scrum, the revolutionary approach to project management and team building that has helped to transform the world of work. Life is complex. The Personal Scrum System will help you find success by setting and achieving goals. - Do you have the desire for a better life? - Are you unsure or unable to get to where you want to be? - Do you struggle to find the time to make progress towards your goals? Use the Personal Scrum System and discover how to: - Set goals and plan how to achieve them. - Stay focused and avoid distractions. - Make the time to work towards your goals. - Achieve the success you desire. What Readers Say “This book is all about helping you personally benefit from the battle-tested elements of Scrum. If you are happy with the status quo and your current level of impact and satisfaction, don't read this book.” - Peter W Schibli “Great personal productivity book, Simon brings together a lot of common productivity advice into the guide and links it well to provide relevant tips. There is no fluff or rambling, text is short and to the point” - Mr. A. Harris “To read how to use the [Scrum] framework for personal goals was amazing! I really enjoyed this book and I have recommended it to work colleagues but also friends that do not use Scrum as I think it will help them as much as it helped me.” - lucy

Book Zombie Scrum Survival Guide

Download or read book Zombie Scrum Survival Guide written by Johannes Schartau and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2020-11-13 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Escape “Zombie Scrum” and Get Real Value from Agile! “Professional Scrum and Zombie Scrum are mortal enemies in eternal combat. If you relax your guard, Zombie Scrum comes back. This guide helps you stay on your guard, providing very practical tips for identifying when you have become a Zombie and how to stop this from happening. A must-have for any Zombie Scrum hunter.” --Dave West, CEO, Scrum.org “Barry, Christiaan, and Johannes have done a magnificent job of accumulating successful experiences and sharing their inspiring stories in this very practical book. They don't shy away from telling it like it is, which is why their proposals are always as useful as they are grounded in reality.” --Henri Lipmanowicz, cofounder, Liberating Structures Millions of professionals use Scrum. It is the #1 approach to agile software development in the world. Even so, by some estimates, over 70% of Scrum adoptions fall flat. Developers find themselves using “Zombie Scrum” processes that look like Scrum, but are slow, lifeless, and joyless. Scrum is just not working for them. Zombie Scrum Survival Guide reveals why Scrum runs aground and shows how to supercharge your Scrum outcomes, while having a lot more fun along the way. Humorous, visual, and extremely relatable, it offers practical approaches, exercises, and tools for escaping Zombie Scrum. Even if you are surrounded by skeptics, this book will be the antidote to help you build more of what users need, ship faster, improve more continuously, interact more successfully in any team, and feel a whole lot better about what you are doing. Suddenly, one day soon, you will remember: that is why we adopted Scrum in the first place! Learn how Zombie Scrum infects you, why it spreads, and how to inoculate yourself Get closer to your stakeholders, and wake up to their understanding of value Discover why Zombie teams can't learn, and what to do about it Clear away the specific obstacles to real continuous improvement Make self-managed teams real so people can behave like humans, not Zombies Zombie Scrum Survival Guide is for Scrum Masters, Scrum practitioners, Agile coaches and leaders, and everyone who wants to transform the promises of Scrum into reality. Register your book for convenient access to downloads, updates, and/or corrections as they become available. See inside book for details.

Book A Scrum Book

    Book Details:
  • Author : Jeff Sutherland
  • Publisher : Pragmatic Bookshelf
  • Release : 2019-08-16
  • ISBN : 1680507567
  • Pages : 671 pages

Download or read book A Scrum Book written by Jeff Sutherland and published by Pragmatic Bookshelf. This book was released on 2019-08-16 with total page 671 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building a successful product usually involves teams of people, and many choose the Scrum approach to aid in creating products that deliver the highest possible value. Implementing Scrum gives teams a collection of powerful ideas they can assemble to fit their needs and meet their goals. The ninety-four patterns contained within are elaborated nuggets of insight into Scrum’s building blocks, how they work, and how to use them. They offer novices a roadmap for starting from scratch, yet they help intermediate practitioners fine-tune or fortify their Scrum implementations. Experienced practitioners can use the patterns and supporting explanations to get a better understanding of how the parts of Scrum complement each other to solve common problems in product development. The patterns are written in the well-known Alexandrian form, whose roots in architecture and design have enjoyed broad application in the software world. The form organizes each pattern so you can navigate directly to organizational design tradeoffs or jump to the solution or rationale that makes the solution work. The patterns flow together naturally through the context sections at their beginning and end. Learn everything you need to know to master and implement Scrum one step at a time—the agile way.

Book Personal Agility

Download or read book Personal Agility written by Peter Stevens and published by . This book was released on 2022-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Personal Agility System is a simple framework for aligning actions with priorities. The core framework consists of six powerful questions to orient your activities while applying the core tools of Personal Agility, like the Priorities Map, Alignment Compass or the Stakeholder Canvas. These concepts are laid out clearly with an approach that is actionable for every reader. This book invites deeper thinking and presents an agile leadership framework that scales from the individual to the largest organizations in the world.

Book Agile Project Management with Scrum

Download or read book Agile Project Management with Scrum written by Ken Schwaber and published by Microsoft Press. This book was released on 2004-02-11 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rules and practices for Scrum—a simple process for managing complex projects—are few, straightforward, and easy to learn. But Scrum’s simplicity itself—its lack of prescription—can be disarming, and new practitioners often find themselves reverting to old project management habits and tools and yielding lesser results. In this illuminating series of case studies, Scrum co-creator and evangelist Ken Schwaber identifies the real-world lessons—the successes and failures—culled from his years of experience coaching companies in agile project management. Through them, you’ll understand how to use Scrum to solve complex problems and drive better results—delivering more valuable software faster. Gain the foundation in Scrum theory—and practice—you need to: Rein in even the most complex, unwieldy projects Effectively manage unknown or changing product requirements Simplify the chain of command with self-managing development teams Receive clearer specifications—and feedback—from customers Greatly reduce project planning time and required tools Build—and release—products in 30-day cycles so clients get deliverables earlier Avoid missteps by regularly inspecting, reporting on, and fine-tuning projects Support multiple teams working on a large-scale project from many geographic locations Maximize return on investment!

Book Scrum

    Book Details:
  • Author : Jeff Sutherland
  • Publisher : Crown Currency
  • Release : 2014-09-30
  • ISBN : 0385346468
  • Pages : 385 pages

Download or read book Scrum written by Jeff Sutherland and published by Crown Currency. This book was released on 2014-09-30 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The revolutionary “Red Book” that helped a generation work smarter, better, and faster—now expanded and updated with new stories, new ideas, and new methods to radically improve the way you and your company deliver results If you’ve ever been startled by how fast the world is changing, the Scrum framework is one of the reasons why. Productivity gains in workflow of as much as 1,200 percent have been recorded, and there’s no more lucid—or compelling—explainer of Scrum and its bright promise than Jeff Sutherland. The thorny problem that Sutherland began tackling back then boils down to this: People are spectacularly bad at doing things with agility and efficiency. Best-laid plans go up in smoke. Teams often work at cross-purposes to one another. And when the pressure rises, unhappiness soars. Woven with insights from martial arts, judicial decision making, advanced aerial combat, robotics, and Sutherland’s experience as a West Point–educated fighter pilot, a biometrics expert, a medical researcher, an early innovator of ATM technology, and a C-level executive at eleven different technology companies, this book will take you to Scrum’s front lines, where Sutherland’s system has brought the FBI into the twenty-first century, helped support John Deere’s supply chain amid a global pandemic and supply chain shortage, reduced poverty in the Third World, and even planned weddings and accomplished weekend chores. The way we work has changed dramatically since Sutherland first introduced Scrum a decade ago. This urgent update shares new insights and provides new tools to take advantage of the radical productivity that Scrum delivers. Sutherland will show you how to optimize working with artificial intelligence and share the latest cognitive science research on culture, psychological safety, diversity, and happiness, and how these factors drive performance, innovation, and overall organizational health. This new edition contains a decade of lessons learned. Whether it’s ten years ago, now, or ten years into the future, the Scrum framework is guaranteed to help you deliver results. But the most important reason to read this book is that it may just help you achieve what others consider unachievable.

Book Essential Scrum

Download or read book Essential Scrum written by Kenneth S. Rubin and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2012 with total page 501 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a comprehensive guide to Scrum for all (team members, managers, and executives). If you want to use Scrum to develop innovative products and services that delight your customers, this is the complete, single-source reference you've been searching for. This book provides a common understanding of Scrum, a shared vocabulary that can be used in applying it, and practical knowledge for deriving maximum value from it.

Book Scrum For Dummies

Download or read book Scrum For Dummies written by Mark C. Layton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-05-15 with total page 410 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Use scrum in all aspects of life Scrum is an agile project management framework that allows for flexibility and collaboration to be a part of your workflow. Primarily used by software developers, scrum can be used across many job functions and industries. Scrum can also be used in your personal life to help you plan for retirement, a trip, or even a wedding or other big event. Scrum provides a small set of rules that create just enough structure for teams to be able to focus their innovation on solving what might otherwise be an insurmountable challenge. Scrum For Dummies shows you how to assemble a scrum taskforce and use it to implement this popular Agile methodology to make projects in your professional and personal life run more smoothly—from start to finish. Discover what scrum offers project and product teams Integrate scrum into your agile project management strategy Plan your retirement or a family reunion using scrum Prioritize for releases with sprints No matter your career path or job title, the principles of scrum are designed to make your life easier. Why not give it a try?

Book The Great ScrumMaster

Download or read book The Great ScrumMaster written by Zuzana Sochova and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2016-12-28 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. The Fast, Focused, Practical Guide to Excellence with Scrum The Great ScrumMaster: #ScrumMasterWay is your complete guide to becoming an exceptionally effective ScrumMaster and using Scrum to dramatically improve team and organizational performance. Easy to digest and highly visual, you can read it in a weekend...and use it for an entire career. Drawing on 15 years of pioneering experience implementing Agile and Scrum and helping others do so, Zuzana Šochová guides you step by step through all key facets of success as a ScrumMaster in any context. Šochová reviews the ScrumMaster’s responsibilities, introduces her powerful State of Mind model and #ScrumMasterWay approach, and teaches crucial metaskills that every ScrumMaster needs. Learn how to build more effective teams, manage change in Agile environments, and take fulladvantage of the immensely powerful ScrumMaster toolbox. Throughout, Šochová illuminates each concept with practical, proven examples that show how to move from idea to successful execution. Understand the ScrumMaster’s key role in creating high-performance self-organizing teams Master all components of the ScrumMaster State of Mind: teaching/mentoring, removing impediments, facilitation, and coaching Operate effectively as a ScrumMaster at all levels: team, relationships, and the entire system Sharpen key ScrumMaster cognitive strategies and core competencies Build great teams, and improve teams that are currently dysfunctional Drive deeper change in a safer environment with better support for those affected Make the most of Shu Ha Ri, System Rule, Root Cause Analysis, Impact Mapping, and other ScrumMaster tools Whether you’re a long-time Certified ScrumMaster (CSM) or participating in your first Scrum project, this guide will help you leverage world-class insight in all you do and get the outstanding results you’re looking for. Register your product at informit.com/register for convenient access to downloads, updates, and corrections as they become available

Book Scrum   A Pocket Guide

Download or read book Scrum A Pocket Guide written by Gunther Verheyen and published by Van Haren. This book was released on 2013-10-01 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This pocket guide is the one book to read for everyone who wants to learn about Scrum. The book covers all roles, rules and the main principles underpinning Scrum, and is based on the Scrum Guide Edition 2013. A broader context to this fundamental description of Scrum is given by describing the past and the future of Scrum. The author, Gunther Verheyen, has created a concise, yet complete and passionate reference about Scrum. The book demonstrates his core view that Scrum is about a journey, a journey of discovery and fun. He designed the book to be a helpful guide on that journey. Ken Schwaber, Scrum co-creator says that this book currently is the best available description of Scrum around. The book combines some rare characteristics: • It describes Scrum in its entirety, yet places it in a broader context (of past and future). • The author focuses on the subject, Scrum, in a way that it truly supports the reader. The book has a language and style in line with the philosophy of Scrum. • The book shows the playfulness of Scrum. David Starr and Ralph Jocham, Professional Scrum trainers and early agile adopters, say that this is the ultimate book to be advised as follow-up book to the students they teach Scrum to and to teams and managers of organizations that they coach Scrum to.

Book Scrum For Dummies

Download or read book Scrum For Dummies written by Mark C. Layton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-10-14 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn how scrum can help in every part of your life Scrum—an organizing approach that exposes work progress and quality —is used all over the place in software development, but it’s not just for coders. Scrum For Dummies shows you how scrum can improve performance regardless of your industry or project. You can even use scrum to get tangible results in your personal projects—prepare for retirement, organize travel, and much more. Plan goals, releases, and sprints for all aspects of business and life. With Dummies, you’ll learn how to work flexibility and collaboration into anything you’re doing. This book is packed with helpful information to empower you to set up your first scrum project, organize the scrum team, integrate scrum into your agile project management strategy, and just make things work better. Learn the ins and outs of scrum—updated for the 2020 scrum guide Discover how scrum can help you manage projects in any industry and even in your personal life Organize your scrum team and set up your first project Integrate scrum into your agile project management strategy This updated edition of Scrum For Dummies is written to make scrum useful for everyone—especially you.

Book 97 Things Every Scrum Practitioner Should Know

Download or read book 97 Things Every Scrum Practitioner Should Know written by Gunther Verheyen and published by "O'Reilly Media, Inc.". This book was released on 2020-04-27 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Improve your understanding of Scrum through the proven experience and collected wisdom of experts around the world. Based on real-life experiences, the 97 essays in this unique book provide a wealth of knowledge and expertise from established practitioners who have dealt with specific problems and challenges with Scrum. You'll find out more about the rules and roles of this framework, as well as tactics, strategies, specific patterns to use with Scrum, and stories from the trenches. You'll also gain insights on how to apply, tune, and tweak Scrum for your work. This guide is an ideal resource for people new to Scrum and those who want to assess and improve their understanding of this framework. "Scrum Is Simple. Just Use It As Is.," Ken Schwaber "The 'Standing Meeting,'" Bob Warfield "Specialization Is for Insects," James O. Coplien "Scrum Events Are Rituals to Ensure Good Harvest," Jasper Lamers "Servant Leadership Starts from Within," Bob Galen "Agile Is More than Sprinting," James W. Grenning

Book The Art of Scrum

Download or read book The Art of Scrum written by Dave McKenna and published by Apress. This book was released on 2016-11-02 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Learn the nuts and bolts of scrum—its framework, roles, team structures, ceremonies, and artifacts—from the scrum master’s perspective. The Art of Scrum details the scum master’s responsibilities and core functions in planning and facilitating the ceremonies and artifacts of a scrum team: sprint planning, sprint execution, backlog refinement, daily standups, sprint reviews, and sprint retrospectives. It analyzes the scrum master’s interactions with other scrum roles, including the product owner, development team members, other scrum masters, and the agile coach. Scrum Master Dave McKenna catalogs the three skill sets that you must master to be successful at binding teams and unleashing agility: soft skills, technical skills, and contingency skills. You’ll benefit from the author’s examination of these skill sets with insights and anecdotes drawn from his own experience as an engineer, agile coach, and scrum master. He illustrates common mistakes scrum masters make, as well as modeling successful strategies, adaptations to changes, and solutions to tricky problems. What You'll Learn: How scrum masters facilitate the agile ceremonies How scrum masters align scrum teams to sprint goals and shield them from interference How scrum masters coach product owners to build a backlog and refine user stories How scrum masters manage contingencies such as intra-team conflicts, organizational impediments, technical debt, emergent architecture, personnel changes, scope creep, and learning from failure. Who This Book Is For: The primary readership is scrum masters, product owners, and dev team members. The secondary readership is scrum stakeholders, including executive sponsors, project managers, functional and line managers, administrative personnel, expert consultants, testers, vendors, and end users. The tertiary readership is anybody who wants to know how build an agile team that consistently delivers value and continuous improvement.

Book The Professional Product Owner

Download or read book The Professional Product Owner written by Don McGreal and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2018-06-04 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Professional Product Owner’s Guide to Maximizing Value with Scrum “This book presents a method of communicating our desires, cogently, coherently, and with a minimum of fuss and bother.” —Ken Schwaber, Chairman & Founder, Scrum.org The role of the Product Owner is more crucial than ever. But it’s about much more than mechanics: it’s about taking accountability and refocusing on value as the primary objective of all you do. In The Professional Product Owner, two leading experts in successful Scrum product ownership show exactly how to do this. You’ll learn how to identify where value can be found, measure it, and maximize it throughout your entire product lifecycle. Drawing on their combined 40+ years of experience in using agile and Scrum in product management, Don McGreal and Ralph Jocham guide you through all facets of envisioning, emerging, and maturing a product using the Scrum framework. McGreal and Jocham discuss strategy, showing how to connect Vision, Value, and Validation in ROI-focused agile product management. They lay out Scrum best-practices for managing complexity and continuously delivering value, and they define the concrete practices and tools you can use to manage Product Backlogs and release plans, all with the goal of making you a more successful Product Owner. Throughout, the authors share revealing personal experiences that illuminate obstacles to success and show how they can be overcome. Define success from the “outside in,” using external customer-driven measurements to guide development and maximize value Bring empowerment and entrepreneurship to the Product Owner’s role, and align everyone behind a shared business model Use Evidence-Based Management (EBMgt) to invest in the right places, make smarter decisions, and reduce risk Effectively apply Scrum’s Product Owner role, artifacts, and events Populate and manage Product Backlogs, and use just-in-time specifications Plan and manage releases, improve transparency, and reduce technical debt Scale your product, not your Scrum Use Scrum to inject autonomy, mastery, and purpose into your product team’s work Whatever your role in product management or agile development, this guide will help you deliver products that offer more value, more rapidly, and more often. Register your book for convenient access to downloads, updates, and/or corrections as they become available. See inside book for details.

Book Coaching Agile Teams

    Book Details:
  • Author : Lyssa Adkins
  • Publisher : Addison-Wesley Professional
  • Release : 2010-05-18
  • ISBN : 0321660358
  • Pages : 523 pages

Download or read book Coaching Agile Teams written by Lyssa Adkins and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2010-05-18 with total page 523 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Provocative and Practical Guide to Coaching Agile Teams As an agile coach, you can help project teams become outstanding at agile, creating products that make them proud and helping organizations reap the powerful benefits of teams that deliver both innovation and excellence. More and more frequently, ScrumMasters and project managers are being asked to coach agile teams. But it’s a challenging role. It requires new skills—as well as a subtle understanding of when to step in and when to step back. Migrating from “command and control” to agile coaching requires a whole new mind-set. In Coaching Agile Teams, Lyssa Adkins gives agile coaches the insights they need to adopt this new mind-set and to guide teams to extraordinary performance in a re-energized work environment. You’ll gain a deep view into the role of the agile coach, discover what works and what doesn’t, and learn how to adapt powerful skills from many allied disciplines, including the fields of professional coaching and mentoring. Coverage includes Understanding what it takes to be a great agile coach Mastering all of the agile coach’s roles: teacher, mentor, problem solver, conflict navigator, and performance coach Creating an environment where self-organized, high-performance teams can emerge Coaching teams past cooperation and into full collaboration Evolving your leadership style as your team grows and changes Staying actively engaged without dominating your team and stunting its growth Recognizing failure, recovery, and success modes in your coaching Getting the most out of your own personal agile coaching journey Whether you’re an agile coach, leader, trainer, mentor, facilitator, ScrumMaster, project manager, product owner, or team member, this book will help you become skilled at helping others become truly great. What could possibly be more rewarding?

Book Succeeding with Agile

Download or read book Succeeding with Agile written by Mike Cohn and published by Pearson Education. This book was released on 2010 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proven, 100% Practical Guidance for Making Scrum and Agile Work in Any Organization This is the definitive, realistic, actionable guide to starting fast with Scrum and agile-and then succeeding over the long haul. Leading agile consultant and practitioner Mike Cohn presents detailed recommendations, powerful tips, and real-world case studies drawn from his unparalleled experience helping hundreds of software organizations make Scrum and agile work. Succeeding with Agile is for pragmatic software professionals who want real answers to the most difficult challenges they face in implementing Scrum. Cohn covers every facet of the transition: getting started, helping individuals transition to new roles, structuring teams, scaling up, working with a distributed team, and finally, implementing effective metrics and continuous improvement. Throughout, Cohn presents "Things to Try Now" sections based on his most successful advice. Complementary "Objection" sections reproduce typical conversations with those resisting change and offer practical guidance for addressing their concerns. Coverage includes Practical ways to get started immediately-and "get good" fast Overcoming individual resistance to the changes Scrum requires Staffing Scrum projects and building effective teams Establishing "improvement communities" of people who are passionate about driving change Choosing which agile technical practices to use or experiment with Leading self-organizing teams Making the most of Scrum sprints, planning, and quality techniques Scaling Scrum to distributed, multiteam projects Using Scrum on projects with complex sequential processes or challenging compliance and governance requirements Understanding Scrum's impact on HR, facilities, and project management Whether you've completed a few sprints or multiple agile projects and whatever your role-manager, developer, coach, ScrumMaster, product owner, analyst, team lead, or project lead-this book will help you succeed with your very next project. Then, it will help you go much further: It will help you transform your entire development organization.

Book Software in 30 Days

Download or read book Software in 30 Days written by Ken Schwaber and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-21 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A radical approach to getting IT projects done faster andcheaper than anyone thinks possible Software in 30 Days summarizes the Agile and Scrumsoftware development method, which allows creation of game-changingsoftware, in just 30 days. Projects that use it are three timesmore successful than those that don't. Software in 30 Daysis for the business manager, the entrepreneur, the productdevelopment manager, or IT manager who wants to develop softwarebetter and faster than they now believe possible. Learn how thisunorthodox process works, how to get started, and how to succeed.Control risk, manage projects, and have your people succeed withsimple but profound shifts in the thinking. The authors explain powerful concepts such as the art of thepossible, bottom-up intelligence, and why it's good to failearly—all with no risk greater than thirty days. The productivity gain vs traditional "waterfall" methods hasbeen over 100% on many projects Author Ken Schwaber is a co-founder of the Agile softwaremovement, and co-creator, with Jeff Sutherland, of the "Scrum"technique for building software in 30 days Coauthor Jeff Sutherland was cosigner of the Agile Manifesto,which marked the start of the Agile movement Software in 30 Days is a must-read for all managers andbusiness owners who use software in their organizations or in theirproducts and want to stop the cycle of slow, expensive softwaredevelopment. Programmers will want to buy copies for their managersand their customers so they will know how to collaborate to get thebest work possible.