Download or read book Peroxone Groundwater Treatment of Explosive Contaminants Demonstration and Evaluation written by Michael V. McCrea and published by . This book was released on 1997-03-01 with total page 74 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this thesis is to evaluate the performance and cost effectiveness of a Peroxone Groundwater Treatment Plant (PGTP) designed and operated by Montgomery Watson, in support of the Defense Evaluation Support Agency's independent analysis for the United States Army Environmental Center (USAEC). Many Department of Defense installations have sites that contain groundwater contaminated with explosive materials. Primary methods for the removal of explosive materials involve the use of Granular Activated Carbon (GAC). This process, however, requires additional waste disposal and treatment of explosive laden GAC, thereby incurring additional costs. An alternate method for the treatment of contaminated groundwater involves the use of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in conjunction with ozone (03). This method is referred to as the Peroxone oxidation process. A demonstration of the PGTP was conducted from 19 August to 8 November, 1996, at Cornhusker Army Ammunition Plant (CAAP), Grand Island, Nebraska using a small scale version with a maximum flow rate of 25 gallons per minute. The explosive contaminants analyzed during the demonstration include 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-Trinitrobenzene (TNB), 1,3,5-Triazine (RDX), and Total Nitrobodies. Peroxone cost effectiveness was evaluated using a 30 year life cycle cost comparison to GAC and Ultraviolet/Ozone processes.
Download or read book Peroxone Groundwater Treatment Demonstration written by Issam Najm and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 205 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A field-scale plant for the treatment of explosives contaminated groundwater was designed and constructed at the Cornhusker Army Ammunition Plant (CAAP) near Grand Island, Nebraska. The target compounds were trinitrotoluene (TNT), trinitrobenzene (TNB), (N)-trinitro-1, 3 5%triazacyclohexane (RDX) and other nitrobodies. The process chosen was oxidation with a combination of ozone and hydrogen peroxide (Peroxone). The plant was capable of treating 25 gal-min' with a dose of ozone as high as 55 mg-L-1 in each of six bubble column reactors with hydraulic retention times of 24 minutes per reactor. Hydrogen peroxide was fed in the influent water prior to ozonation. The purpose of the study was to determine the feasibility and projected costs for reducing explosive compounds level to 2 mug-L-1 for the specific nitro-compounds and 30 mug-L-1 for total nitrobodies. The demonstration was carried out over a period of three months. The results showed that the Peroxone process is capable of oxidizing all of the target compounds but very large doses of ozone and hydrogen peroxide are required to reach the target level for TNB, the most recalcitrant target compound. An empirical model was developed as a design tool to provide information on system scale up to 1000 gal-min-1. This model provided not only technical feasibility on scale up, but also a preliminary cost evaluation. A report prepared by the project independent evaluator discusses cost implications in much more detail. Recommendations for further work and for potential cost minimization measures are presented.
Download or read book Evaluation of Peroxone Oxidation Techniques for Removal of Explosives from Cornhusker Army Ammunition Plant Waters written by Elizabeth C. Fleming and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pilot Scale Evaluation of Peroxone for Treatment of Contaminated Groundwater written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advance oxidation processes (AOPs) are treatment processes that rely on the hydroxyl radical to destroy contaminants in polluted waters. Peroxone is an advanced oxidation process that utilizes the reaction of ozone and hydrogen peroxide to produce hydroxyl radicals without the requirement of ultraviolet light. The USAE Waterways Experiment Station (WES) evaluated the use of peroxone at Rocky Mountain Arsenal (RMA) for treatment of groundwater contaminated with diisopropylmethylphosphonate (DIMP) and low levels of pesticides. This evaluation was performed at RMA using a pilot scale treatment system. Results indicate that DIMP was easily oxidized to below detection limit levels. Optimization of the process indicated that a 250 m1/1 hydrogen peroxide dose in four columns plumbed in series that were all sparged with 2.2% ozonated air at a rate of 2.5 scfm.
Download or read book Evaluation of Ultraviolet Oxidation UV Ox Methods for the Remediation of Explosives Contaminated Groundwater written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 588 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The primary objective of this task was to evaluate the technical-and cost effectiveness of advanced oxidation processes (AOP), specifically UV/Oxidation (UVIOX) in remediating groundwaters containing 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) and other nitroaromatics by performing a pilot-scale demonstration. In addition to evaluating the effectiveness of UV/OX methods, USAEC wanted to identify the cost parameters associated with each of the commercially available processes for the treatment of explosives and assess the adequacy of bench-scale testing data for predicting full-scale equipment requirements. All four of the UV/OX processes evaluated achieved the treatment criteria for mT and mB on one or more days of the demonstration. There was considerable variation in the consistency with which the processes met these criteria, It was also concluded that, based on this demonstration, routine bench-scale testing is inadequate for providing sufficient data for accurate design, siting, and costing for full-scale UV/OX systems for remediating explosives-contaminated groundwater.
Download or read book In Situ Treatment of Contaminated Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book In Situ Chemical Oxidation for Groundwater Remediation written by Robert L. Siegrist and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-25 with total page 715 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides comprehensive up-to-date descriptions of the principles and practices of in situ chemical oxidation (ISCO) for groundwater remediation based on a decade of intensive research, development, and demonstrations, and lessons learned from commercial field applications.
Download or read book A Pilot scale Assessment of Peroxone Oxidation for Potential Treatment of Three Contaminated Groundwaters at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal Commerce City Colorado written by Mark E. Zappi and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Army RD A Bulletin written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 1166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Demonstration Test and Evaluation of Ultraviolet ultraviolet Catalyzed Peroxide Oxidation for Groundwater Remediation at Oak Ridge K 25 Site written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the UItraviolet/Ultraviolet Catalyzed Groundwater Remediation program, W.J. Schafer Associates, Inc. (WJSA) demonstrated, tested and evaluated a new ultraviolet (UV) lamp integrated with an existing commercial technology employing UV catalyzed peroxide oxidation to destroy organics in groundwater at an Oak Ridge K-25 site. The existing commercial technology is the perox-pure{trademark} process of Peroxidation Systems Incorporated (PSI) that employs standard UV lamp technology to catalyze H2O2 into OH radicals, which attack many organic molecules. In comparison to classical technologies for remediation of groundwater contaminated with organics, the perox-pure{trademark} process not only is cost effective but also reduces contaminants to harmless by-products instead of transferring the contaminants from one medium to another (such as in activated carbon or air stripping). Although the perox-pure{trademark} process is cost effective against many organics, it is not effective for some organic contaminants of interest to DOE such as TCA, which has the highest concentration of the organics at the K-25 test site. Contaminants such as TCA are treated more readily by direct photolysis using short wavelength UV light. WJSA has been developing a unique UV lamp which is very efficient in the short UV wavelength region. Consequently, combining this UV lamp with the perox-pure{trademark} process results in a means for treating essentially all organic contaminants. In the program reported here, the new UV lamp lifetime was improved and the lamp integrated into a PSI demonstration trailer. Even though this UV lamp operated at less than optimum power and UV efficiency, the destruction rate for the TCA was more than double that of the commercial unit. An optimized UV lamp may double again the destruction rate; i.e., a factor of four greater than the commercial system.
Download or read book Army RD A written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Groundwater and Soil Cleanup written by Committee on Technologies for Cleanup of Subsurface Contaminants in the DOE Weapons Complex and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive, up-to-date review of technologies for cleaning up contaminants in groundwater and soil. It provides a special focus on three classes of contaminants that have proven very difficult to treat once released to the subsurface: metals, radionuclides, and dense nonaqueous-phase liquids such as chlorinated solvents. Groundwater and Soil Cleanup was commissioned by the Department of Energy (DOE) as part of its program to clean up contamination in the nuclear weapons production complex. In addition to a review of remediation technologies, the book describes new trends in regulation of contaminated sites and assesses DOE's program for developing new subsurface cleanup technologies.
Download or read book An Evaluation of Biological Treatment for Explosives contaminated Soils written by Steven Douglas Harvey and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Contaminants in the Subsurface written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-23 with total page 371 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At hundreds of thousands of commercial, industrial, and military sites across the country, subsurface materials including groundwater are contaminated with chemical waste. The last decade has seen growing interest in using aggressive source remediation technologies to remove contaminants from the subsurface, but there is limited understanding of (1) the effectiveness of these technologies and (2) the overall effect of mass removal on groundwater quality. This report reviews the suite of technologies available for source remediation and their ability to reach a variety of cleanup goals, from meeting regulatory standards for groundwater to reducing costs. The report proposes elements of a protocol for accomplishing source remediation that should enable project managers to decide whether and how to pursue source remediation at their sites.
Download or read book Alternatives for Managing the Nation s Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-02-27 with total page 423 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Across the United States, thousands of hazardous waste sites are contaminated with chemicals that prevent the underlying groundwater from meeting drinking water standards. These include Superfund sites and other facilities that handle and dispose of hazardous waste, active and inactive dry cleaners, and leaking underground storage tanks; many are at federal facilities such as military installations. While many sites have been closed over the past 30 years through cleanup programs run by the U.S. Department of Defense, the U.S. EPA, and other state and federal agencies, the remaining caseload is much more difficult to address because the nature of the contamination and subsurface conditions make it difficult to achieve drinking water standards in the affected groundwater. Alternatives for Managing the Nation's Complex Contaminated Groundwater Sites estimates that at least 126,000 sites across the U.S. still have contaminated groundwater, and their closure is expected to cost at least $110 billion to $127 billion. About 10 percent of these sites are considered "complex," meaning restoration is unlikely to be achieved in the next 50 to 100 years due to technological limitations. At sites where contaminant concentrations have plateaued at levels above cleanup goals despite active efforts, the report recommends evaluating whether the sites should transition to long-term management, where risks would be monitored and harmful exposures prevented, but at reduced costs.
Download or read book Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment written by Mihaela I. Stefan and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-15 with total page 712 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs) rely on the efficient generation of reactive radical species and are increasingly attractive options for water remediation from a wide variety of organic micropollutants of human health and/or environmental concern. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment covers the key advanced oxidation processes developed for chemical contaminant destruction in polluted water sources, some of which have been implemented successfully at water treatment plants around the world. The book is structured in two sections; the first part is dedicated to the most relevant AOPs, whereas the topics covered in the second section include the photochemistry of chemical contaminants in the aquatic environment, advanced water treatment for water reuse, implementation of advanced treatment processes for drinking water production at a state-of-the art water treatment plant in Europe, advanced treatment of municipal and industrial wastewater, and green technologies for water remediation. The advanced oxidation processes discussed in the book cover the following aspects: - Process principles including the most recent scientific findings and interpretation. - Classes of compounds suitable to AOP treatment and examples of reaction mechanisms. - Chemical and photochemical degradation kinetics and modelling. - Water quality impact on process performance and practical considerations on process parameter selection criteria. - Process limitations and byproduct formation and strategies to mitigate any potential adverse effects on the treated water quality. - AOP equipment design and economics considerations. - Research studies and outcomes. - Case studies relevant to process implementation to water treatment. - Commercial applications. - Future research needs. Advanced Oxidation Processes for Water Treatment presents the most recent scientific and technological achievements in process understanding and implementation, and addresses to anyone interested in water remediation, including water industry professionals, consulting engineers, regulators, academics, students. Editor: Mihaela I. Stefan - Trojan Technologies - Canada
Download or read book Guidance Manual for Compliance with the Filtration and Disinfection Requirements for Public Water Systems Using Surface Water Sources written by David J. Hiltebrand and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 672 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This manual suggests design operating and performance criteria for specific surface water quality conditions to provide the optimum protection from microbiological contaminants.
