Download or read book Performance of Treatment Media for the Stabilization of Mercury Under Variable Geochemical Conditions written by Shannon Daugherty and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury-contaminated sediments are found in many locations throughout North America and the world. Release of Hg from such sediments and subsequent biological uptake can result in biomagnification in associated ecosystems. This study focused specifically on a stabilization technique involving the addition of reactive media to the sediment matrix to immobilize Hg and reduce its bioavailability. A series of batch and column experiments was conducted over a range of physical and geochemical conditions to evaluate the propensity of a diverse set of reactive media to stabilize Hg in sediment with high organic carbon and clay content. The additives, selected to promote adsorption and precipitation of Hg, included natural attapulgite (palygorskite) clay, organically-modified clay, elemental sulfur, a strong reductant, and mixtures thereof. The results of the batch experiments indicated that addition of reactive media to the sediment led to substantially lower aqueous concentrations of Hg relative to untreated sediment. The stabilization of Hg was observed to be dependent on mass of added reagent, with generally greater treatment observed for the higher masses of reagent evaluated. Aqueous concentrations of Hg were reduced from > 800 ng L-1 in control samples to 50 ng L-1 in treated samples for all of the reactive media at the highest mass proportions evaluated. The effectiveness of Hg stabilization using the sulfur-based blends was strongly affected by contact with atmospheric oxygen, with better treatment observed in oxygen-limited conditions. The results of the column tests showed that relatively low concentrations of Hg (

Download or read book Stabilization of Mercury containing Wastes Using Sulfide written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stabilization of mercury-containing wastes has received considerable attention recently, due to concerns about air emissions from typically used thermal treatment technologies. Because of the extremely low solubility of mercuric sulfide, sulfide-induced stabilization is considered to be an effective way to immobilize mercury while minimizing mercury emissions. However, little is known of the mechanisms involved. In addition, the process of sulfide-induced stabilization of mercury-containing wastes has not been sufficiently developed; therefore, further research is needed to optimize the process-controlling parameters. In this study, the stabilization of mercury-containing wastes was performed using sodium sulfide. Primary stabilization variables such as stabilization pH, sulfide/mercury (S/Hg) molar ratio, and stabilization time were investigated. Mercury stabilization effectiveness was evaluated using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) and constant pH leaching tests. The effectiveness of mercury immobilization by sulfide was tested in the presence of various concentrations of interfering ions. The results demonstrate that stabilization pH and sulfide dosage have significant effects on the stabilization efficacy. It was found that the most effective mercury stabilization occurs at pH 6 combined with a sulfide/mercury molar ratio of 1. The mercury stabilization efficiency reached 99%, even in the presence of interferents. The constant pH leaching results indicate that sulfide-treated mercury wastes produce significantly higher mercury concentrations in high pH (pH>10) leachants relative to others. Nevertheless, the mercury stabilization efficiency was still as high as 99%, even with exposure of the wastes to high pH leachants. Therefore, it is concluded that sulfide-induced stabilization is an effective way to stabilize mercury-containing wastes. The treatment optimization study indicates that the combined use of increased dosage of sulfide and ferrous ions (S/Hg = 2 and Fe/Hg = 3 at pH = 6) can significantly reduce the interferences by chloride and/or phosphate during sulfide-induced mercury immobilization. Visual MINTEQ simulation results indicate that the precipitation of cinnabar is the main mechanism that contributes to the mercury stabilization by sulfide. However, the formation of soluble mercury sulfide species at excess sulfide dosage due to the common ion effect can cause mercury remobilization from sulfide sludge under conditions that can exist in the landfills.

Download or read book Monitored Natural Attenuation of Inorganic Contaminants in Ground Water written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V.3 ... consists of individual chapters that describe 1) the conceptual background for radionuclides, including tritium, radon, strontium, technetium, uranium, iodine, radium, thorium, cesium, plutonium-americium and 2) data requirements to be met during site characterization.

Download or read book Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater written by American Public Health Association and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 1254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Determination of Trace Elements written by Zeev B. Alfassi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-07-11 with total page 622 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The best way to determine trace elements! This easy-to-use handbook guides the reader through the maze of all modern analytical operations. Each method is described by an expert in the field. The book highlights the advantages and disadvantages of individual techniques and enables pharmacologists, environmentalists, material scientists, and food industry to select a judicious procedure for their trace element analysis.

Download or read book Selected Water Resources Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 898 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Recent Developments for in Situ Treatment of Metal Contaminated Soils written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Sample Preparation for Trace Element Analysis written by Zoltan Mester and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-12-16 with total page 1339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Following the collection of a sample, every analytical chemist will agree that its subsequent preservation and processing are of paramount importance. The availability of high performance analytical instrumentation has not diminished this need for careful selection of appropriate pretreatment methodologies, intelligently designed to synergistically elicit optimum function from these powerful measurement tools. Sample Preparation for Trace Element Analysis is a modern, comprehensive treatise, providing an account of the state-of-the art on the subject matter. The book has been conceived and designed to satisfy the varied needs of the practicing analytical chemist. It is a multi-author work, reflecting the diverse expertise arising from its highly qualified contributors. The first five chapters deal with general issues related to the determination of trace metals in varied matrices, such as sampling, contamination control, reference materials, calibration and detection techniques. The second part of the book deals with extraction and sampling technologies (totaling 15 chapters), providing theoretical and practical hints for the users on how to perform specific extractions. Subsequent chapters overview seven major representative matrices and the sample preparation involved in their characterization. This portion of the book is heavily based on the preceding chapters dealing with extraction technologies. The last ten chapters are dedicated to sample preparation for trace element speciation. - First title to provide comprehensive sample preparation information, dealing specifically with the analysis of samples for trace elements. - The 39 chapters are authored by international leaders of their fields.

Download or read book Arsenic Treatment Technologies for Soil Waste and Water written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 2002 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Chemistry and Toxicology of Mercury written by Guangliang Liu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-11-07 with total page 435 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the fundamentals, recent developments, and future research needs for critical mercury transformation and transport processes, as well as the experimental methods that have been employed in recent studies. The coverage discusses the environmental behavior and toxicological effects of mercury on organisms, including humans, and provides case studies at the end of each chapter. Bringing together information normally spread across several books, this text is unique in covering the entire mercury cycle and providing a baseline for what is known and what uncertainties remain in respect to mercury cycling.

Download or read book Geochemical Survey of Missouri written by Alfred T. Miesch and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 48 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods used in collection, analysis, and interpretation of data in regional geochemical survey.

Download or read book Mercury as a Global Pollutant written by Donald B. Porcella and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-08-23 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS xiv PART I MERCURY AND HUMAN HEALTH B. WHEATLEY and S. PARADIS I Exposure of Canadian Aboriginal Peoples to Methylmercury 3-11 M. GIRARD and C. DUMONT I Exposure of James Bay Cree to Methylmercury during Pregnancy for the Years 1983-91 13-19 M. RICHARDSON, M. MITCHELL, S. COAD and R. RAPHAEL I Exposure to Mercury in Canada: A Multimedia Analysis 21-30 M. RICHARDSON, M. EGYED and D. J. CURRIE I Human Exposure to Mercury may Decrease as Acidic Deposition Increases 31-39 L. E. FLEMING, S. WATKINS, R. KADERMAN, B. LEVIN, D. R. AVYAR, M. BIZZIO, D. STEPHENS and J. A. BEAN I Mercury Exposure in Humans through Food Consumption from the Everglades of Florida 41-48 J. M. GEARHART, H. J. CLEWELL III, K. S. CRUMP, A. M. SHIPP and A. SILVERS I Pharmacokinetic Dose Estimates of Mercury in Children and Dose-Response Curves of Performance Tests in a Large Epidemiological Study 49-58 I. SKARE I Mass Balance and Systemic Uptake of Mercury Released from Dental Amalgam Fillings 59-67 J. DELLINGER, N. KMIECIK, S. GERSTENBERGER and H. NGU I Mercury Contamina tion of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: I. Walleye Fillets and Skin-On versus Skin-Off Sampling 69-76 J. DELLINGER, L. MALEK and M. BEATTIE I Mercury Contamination of Fish in the Ojibwa Diet: II. Sensory Evoked Responses in Rats Fed Walleye 77-83 H. AKAGI, O. MALM, F. J. P. BRANCHES, Y. KINJO, Y. KASHIMA, J. R. D. GUIMARAES, R. B. OLIVEIRA, K. HARAGUCHI, W. C. PFEIFFER, Y.

Download or read book Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-09-27 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mercury is widespread in our environment. Methylmercury, one organic form of mercury, can accumulate up the aquatic food chain and lead to high concentrations in predatory fish. When consumed by humans, contaminated fish represent a public health risk. Combustion processes, especially coal-fired power plants, are major sources of mercury contamination in the environment. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is considering regulating mercury emissions from those plants. Toxicological Effects of Methylmercury reviews the health effects of methylmercury and discusses the estimation of mercury exposure from measured biomarkers, how differences between individuals affect mercury toxicity, and appropriate statistical methods for analysis of the data and thoroughly compares the epidemiological studies available on methylmercury. Included are discussions of current mercury levels on public health and a delineation of the scientific aspects and policy decisions involved in the regulation of mercury. This report is a valuable resource for individuals interested in the public health effects and regulation of mercury. The report also provides an excellent example of the implications of decisions in the risk assessment process for a larger audience.

Download or read book Behavior of Metals in Soils written by Joan E. McLean and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Bioavailability of Contaminants in Soils and Sediments written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-05-03 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioavailability refers to the extent to which humans and ecological receptors are exposed to contaminants in soil or sediment. The concept of bioavailability has recently piqued the interest of the hazardous waste industry as an important consideration in deciding how much waste to clean up. The rationale is that if contaminants in soil and sediment are not bioavailable, then more contaminant mass can be left in place without creating additional risk. A new NRC report notes that the potential for the consideration of bioavailability to influence decision-making is greatest where certain chemical, environmental, and regulatory factors align. The current use of bioavailability in risk assessment and hazardous waste cleanup regulations is demystified, and acceptable tools and models for bioavailability assessment are discussed and ranked according to seven criteria. Finally, the intimate link between bioavailability and bioremediation is explored. The report concludes with suggestions for moving bioavailability forward in the regulatory arena for both soil and sediment cleanup.

Download or read book Interactions between groundwater and human communities Perspectives on the resources environments threats and sustainable development written by Yong Xiao and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-06-22 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports written by and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 1338 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: