Download or read book Performance of Lime and Cement Based Treatments of Sulfate rich Soil Via RC Testing written by Azadeh Asghariastaneh and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical treatment of expansive sulfate-rich soils, particularly lime- and cement-based methods, had been rather popular due to their relatively low cost and ready availability. However, over the last few decades, extensively documented pavement failures, mainly caused by excessive heaving and/or shrinkage of lime- and cement-treated subgrades with moderate-to-high sulfate content, have led to thorough investigations to assess the actual feasibility and effectiveness of calcium based stabilizers in sulfate-rich soils. Studies have concluded, with solid experimental evidence, that the calcium present in the chemical stabilizers react with the sulfate and alumina of the treated soil to form Ettringite, an expansive mineral that has detrimental effects on the overall performance of the treated soil. Most of these studies have mainly focused on detrimental effects of lime- and cement-based treatment methods in terms of Atterberg limits, swell-shrink potential, and unconfined compressive strength. The present study is aimed at gaining valuable insight into the effects of lime- and cement-based treatment methods on stiffness of sulfate-rich soils, namely, shear modulus and damping, which are fundamental properties in the analysis and design of pavement infrastructure. To achieve this goal, a thorough series of resonant column (RC) tests was conducted on several chemically stabilized specimens of high-plasticity, sulfate-rich expansive clay from Sherman, Texas. Test results were analyzed to assess the influence of lime- and cement-based stabilizer dosage, curing time, and confining pressure on the shear modulus and damping of the treated soil, including 8%lime + 2% fly ash, 6% lime + 4% fly ash, and 3% cement + 2% fly ash. In general, results show a detrimental effect of all treatment methods on soil stiffness, only rendering 6% lime + 4% fly ash as a potentially viable treatment method with curing time longer than 14 days.
Download or read book Expansive Soils written by Amer Ali Al-Rawas and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2006-06-08 with total page 540 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expansive Soils provides the reader with easy and specific access to problems associated with expansive soils, characterisitics and treatment, and evaluation and remediation. Set up with contributions from worlwide expert, this main reference guide is intended for engineers, researchers and senior students working on soil
Download or read book Stiffness Response of Chemically Stabilized Sulfate Rich Soil Via Resonant Column Testing written by Miftah Semane and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stabilization of expansive soils using lime and cement additives have been used by practitioners over the last few years. However, recent heaving and premature pavement failures in lime and cement-treated subgrades containing sulfates led to questioning the validity of calcium based stabilization. When expansive soils containing sulfates are treated with calcium-based stabilizers, the calcium from the stabilizer reacts with soil sulfates and alumina to form the expansive mineral Ettringite. A series of resonant column (RC) tests (ASTM D 4015-92) was conducted on several chemically stabilized specimens of high-plasticity, sulfate-rich expansive clay from Sherman, Texas. Test results were used to assess the influence of mellowing period on the stiffness properties of stabilized soil. Specimens were tested for different stabilizer, mellowing periods, curing times, and confining pressures, and elapsed times under constant confinement. Two stabilizers, 6% lime and 4% lime + 8% fly ash, were used. Soil stiffness parameters investigated include small-strain shear modulus (G) and small-strain material damping ratio (D). Tests were also conducted at mid- to high-strain levels to study stiffness degradation effects of torsional shearing. 4% lime + 8% fly ash treatment method shows the best results.
Download or read book Field and Experimental Studies to Assess the Performance of Stabilized Expansive Clay written by Gautham Shantharam Pillappa and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A vast majority of the natural expansive soils are montmorillonite-rich clays, over consolidated clays and shales. Certain sulfate rich soils such as those encountered in south Arlington also exhibit heaving after chemically treating them with calcium based stabilizers including cement and lime. Both swelling and softening of these soils induce damage to overlying pavement infrastructure. The present research was conducted at the University of Texas at Arlington as a part of a research study for the City of Arlington to explore and develop alternate stabilization methods for sulfate rich soils of South Arlington. Based on literature review of sulfate rich expansive soil treatments and comprehensive laboratory studies, the following four novel stabilizers were recommended for field treatment studies: Sulfate Resistant Cement (Type V), Low Calcium Class F Fly Ash with Type V Cement, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag and Lime mixed with Polypropylene Fibers. The laboratory studies focused on Atterberg limits, unconfined compressive strength, resilient modulus, linear shrinkage, vertical swelling of chemically treated south Arlington soils. (Abstract shortened by UMI.).
Download or read book Handbook for Stabilization of Pavement Subgrades and Base Courses with Lime written by Dallas N. Little and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Performance of Cement Based Materials in Aggressive Aqueous Environments written by Mark Alexander and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-18 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Concrete and cement-based materials must operate in increasingly aggressive aqueous environments, which may be either natural or industrial. These materials may suffer degradation in which ion addition and/or ion exchange reactions occur, leading to a breakdown of the matrix microstructure and consequent weakening. Sometimes this degradation can be extremely rapid and serious such as in acidic environments, while in other cases degradation occurs over long periods. Consequences of material failure are usually severe – adversely affecting the health and well-being of human communities and disturbing ecological balances. There are also large direct costs of maintaining and replacing deteriorated infrastructure and indirect costs from loss of production during maintenance work, which place a great burden on society. The focus of this book is on addressing issues concerning performance of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments , by way of this State-of-the-Art Report. The book represents the work of many well-known and respected authors who contributed chapters or parts of chapters. Four main themes were addressed: I. Nature and kinetics of degradation and deterioration mechanisms of cement-based materials in aggressive aqueous environments, II. Modelling of deterioration in such environments, III. Test methods to assess performance of cement-based materials in such environments, and which can be used to characterise and rate relative performance and inform long term predictions, IV. Engineering implications and consequences of deterioration in aggressive aqueous environments, and engineering approaches to the problem.
Download or read book Bearing Capacity of Roads Railways and Airfields written by Andreas Loizos and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields includes the contributions to the 10th International Conference on the Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields (BCRRA 2017, 28-30 June 2017, Athens, Greece). The papers cover aspects related to materials, laboratory testing, design, construction, maintenance and management systems of transport infrastructure, and focus on roads, railways and airfields. Additional aspects that concern new materials and characterization, alternative rehabilitation techniques, technological advances as well as pavement and railway track substructure sustainability are included. The contributions discuss new concepts and innovative solutions, and are concentrated but not limited on the following topics: · Unbound aggregate materials and soil properties · Bound materials characteritics, mechanical properties and testing · Effect of traffic loading · In-situ measurements techniques and monitoring · Structural evaluation · Pavement serviceability condition · Rehabilitation and maintenance issues · Geophysical assessment · Stabilization and reinforcement · Performance modeling · Environmental challenges · Life cycle assessment and sustainability Bearing Capacity of Roads, Railways and Airfields is essential reading for academics and professionals involved or interested in transport infrastructure systems, in particular roads, railways and airfields.
Download or read book Lime Stabilization written by and published by Transportation Research Board National Research. This book was released on 1987 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years, various forms of lime, including products with varying degrees of purity, have been utilized successfully as soil stablizing agents. The state of the art in lime treatment based on a comprehensive analysis of current practice and technical literature is presented in this report. References are included for more information.
Download or read book Performance Based Specifications and Control of Concrete Durability written by Hans Beushausen and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-09-24 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work gives an overview of significant research from recent years concerning performance-based design and quality control for concrete durability and its implementation. In engineering practice, performance approaches are often still used in combination with prescriptive requirements. This is largely because, for most durability test methods, sufficient practical experience still has to be gained before engineers and owners are prepared to fully rely on them. This book, compiled by RILEM TC 230-PSC, is intended to assist efforts to successfully build the foundation for the full implementation of performance-based approaches through the exchange of relevant knowledge and experience between researchers and practitioners worldwide.
Download or read book The Deep Mixing Method written by Masaki Kitazume and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-02-21 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Deep Mixing Method (DMM), a deep in-situ soil stabilization technique using cement and/or lime as a stabilizing agent, was developed in Japan and in the Nordic countries independently in the 1970s. Numerous research efforts have been made in these areas investigating properties of treated soil, behavior of DMM improved ground under static and d
Download or read book X ray Diffraction and the Identification and Analysis of Clay Minerals written by ROBERT G. REYNOLDS and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1997 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This successful text/reference, now in a new edition, explores the applications and limitations of data produced by the interaction of X-rays with clay minerals. This edition pays particular attention to integrating the mineralogy of soils and features a new chapter on disorder and polytypes. Chapter Four, from the first edition, has been expanded and split into two chapters, "Structure and Properties: General Treatment" and "Structure, Nonmenclature, and Occurrences of Clay Minerals." Essential in agriculture, geology, and in making informed engineering decisions, this text offers the necessary information on the properties of these minerals, combining theoretical discussion with recipe-like directions for laboratory procedures. Ideal for students who have completed introductory geology, chemistry, and mineralogy courses, this text can also be used as a reference for researchers and workers in industry.
Download or read book Mitigating Sulphate Attacks in Geotechnical Engineering written by Amin Chegenizadeh and published by Nova Science Publishers. This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A magnesium sulphate attack is one of the main issues that challenge civil engineering projects, in particular in coastal, landfill, and mining areas. This phenomenon reduces the stability of the structure and causes a complete failure for the system over time. Previous studies mainly focused on investigating the effects of magnesium sulphate attacks on concrete and from a structural point of view, and only a low number of studies investigated the effects of a magnesium sulphate attack on soil from a geotechnical point of view. The investigation on the effect of a magnesium sulphate attack is an important issue, particularly for stabilised soils that have a role in maintaining the integrity of foundations, slopes, embankments, etc. Portland cement (PC) is widely used in ground improvements and geotechnical engineering projects as an additive to improve the mechanical behaviour of soil. However, PC is effective to improve the engineering characteristics of soil; it is weak when exposed to the magnesium sulphate concentration. This book investigates the behaviour of different soils when treated with PC and after exposure to magnesium sulphate contamination. Also, the effect of some abundant materials in the environment such as carbon in the mechanical behaviour of stabilised soil has been investigated. The investigations have focused on shear strength and unconfined compressive strength (UCS) as two main important characteristics of stabilised soils, and they investigate their relevant characteristics. In this study, deep investigations have been conducted to figure out the behaviour of the magnesium sulphate concentration soils. However, additional research and study is required to procure a clear understanding of the interactions of the stabilised soils with magnesium sulphate concentration.
Download or read book Building Soils Naturally written by Phil Nauta and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Outlines proven, sustainable methods for growing healthy food and plants that contribute to a healthy planet and a healthy you. Grow vigorous, more pest-resistant vegetables, flowers and ornamental plants by using complete and balanced nutrients -- far beyond the simplistic, imbalanced concept of NPK. Healthy soil doesn't happen just by composting, fertilizing or companion planting. It happens by using a holistic approach -- outlined in this book and crafted right in your garden.
Download or read book Waste and Byproducts in Cement Based Materials written by Jorge de Brito and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2021-06-03 with total page 810 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Waste and By-Products in Cement-Based Materials: Innovative Sustainable Materials for a Circular Economy covers various recycled materials, by-products and wastes that are suitable for the manufacture of materials within the spectrum of so-called cement-based materials (CBM). Sections cover wastes for replacement of aggregates in CBM, focus on the application of wastes for the replacement of clinker and mineral additions in the manufacture of binders, discuss the optimization process surrounding the manufacture of recycled concrete and mortars, multi-recycling, advanced radiological studies, optimization of self-compacting concrete, rheology properties, corrosion prevention, and more. Final sections includes a review of real-scale applications that have been made in recent years of cement-based materials in roads, railway superstructures, buildings and civil works, among others, as well as a proposal of new regulations to promote the use of waste in the manufacture of CBM. Favors the institution of the circular economy in the construction industry by eliminating the barriers that currently prevent industrial waste from being valorized by its inclusion in CBM design Features an in-depth exploration of the strengths and weaknesses of new raw materials and their application to CBMs Features real-scale applications that have been made in recent years of cement-based materials in roads, railway superstructures, buildings and civil works, among others Presents current, state-of-the-art, and future-prospects for the use of industrial waste in CBMs
Download or read book Diagnosis and Improvement of Saline and Alkali Soils written by L. E. Allison and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guide to Full depth Reclamation FDR with Cement written by David Robert Luhr and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 15 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Full-depth reclamation (FDR) is a roadway rehabilitation process that recycles the materials from deteriorated asphalt pavement, and, with the addition of portland cement, creates a new stabilized base. This guide to FDR discusses its applications, benefits, design, construction, and testing.
Download or read book Onsite Wastewater Treatment Systems Manual written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This manual contains overview information on treatment technologies, installation practices, and past performance."--Introduction.
