Download or read book Performance Evaluation of Various Corrosion Protection Systems of Bridges in Colorado written by Yunping Xi and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion of reinforced concrete structures has been a significant problem for many state and transportation agencies since the application of deicing salts was introduced. Much research has been conducted to develop corrosion protection systems that can prolong the life span of reinforced concrete structures. The Colorado Department of Transportation (CDOT) has several routine and experimental measures to prevent corrosion of the rebar including epoxy-coated rebar, calcium nitrite admixture, organic corrosion inhibitors, a thick cover of quality concrete, and a waterproofing membrane covered by an asphalt overlay. An extensive literature review was performed to collect information on various corrosion protection systems that have been used in the U.S. and around the world. Current CDOT practices in terms of corrosion protection measures were reviewed. A draft inspection plan for Colorado's bridge structures was proposed.

Download or read book Bridge Maintenance Safety Management and Life Cycle Optimization written by Dan Frangopol and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2010-07-07 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridge Maintenance, Safety, Management and Life-Cycle Optimization contains the lectures and papers presented at IABMAS 2010, the Fifth International Conference of the International Association for Bridge Maintenance and Safety (IABMAS), held in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA from July 11 through 15, 2010.All major aspects of bridge maintenance, s

Download or read book Evaluation of Multiple Corrosion Protection Systems for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by Jason Draper (P.E.) and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Multiple Corrosion Protection Systems for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by Matthew O'Reilly and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The performance of corrosion protection systems for reinforcing steel in concrete is evaluated. In addition to conventional and conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement, the corrosion protection systems tested include epoxy coatings with improved adhesion to the underlying steel, conventional and conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement used in conjunction with concrete containing one of three corrosion inhibitors, DCI-S, Rheocrete 222+, or Hycrete, epoxy-coated reinforcement with a microencapsulated calcium nitrite primer, multiple-coated reinforcement with a layer of zinc between the epoxy and steel, and pickled 2205 duplex stainless steel. The systems are evaluated using bench-scale and field tests. Two bridges in Kansas, cast with 2205 stainless steel, are monitored using corrosion potential mapping. Epoxy-coated and multiplecoated bars are evaluated to determine the effect of corrosion loss and time on the disbondment of the epoxy coating. Conventional, galvanized, and epoxy-coated reinforcement are evaluated using impressed current to determine the corrosion loss required to crack concrete for each system. A finite element model is developed to represent general and localized corrosion, and the results are used to develop a relationship between concrete cover, bar diameter, and area of bar corroding, and the corrosion loss required to crack concrete. An analysis of pore solutions expressed from cement pastes containing corrosion inhibitors is performed, with pH and selected ion concentrations measured from solutions collected one and seven days after casting. The results obtained from bench-scale and field test specimens are used to estimate cost effectiveness for each system under a 75-year service life. The results show epoxy coatings significantly reduce the corrosion rate compared to conventional reinforcement. Corrosion inhibitors significantly reduce corrosion rates in uncracked concrete. In cracked concrete, corrosion inhibitors also reduce corrosion rates, but their relative effectiveness is reduced. Specimens containing Hycrete exhibit the lowest corrosion rates; however, field specimens containing Hycrete also show signs of scaling. Epoxies with improved adhesion exhibit no improvement over conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement in terms of corrosion rate or disbondment of the epoxy coating. Multiple-coated reinforcement exhibits significantly less disbondment than epoxy-coated reinforcement. Pickled 2205 reinforcement exhibits the least corrosion among all systems tested. Testing of conventional and galvanized reinforcement indicates galvanized reinforcement requires more than twice as much corrosion loss to crack the surrounding concrete compared to conventional reinforcement."--Technical report documentation page.

Download or read book Performance evaluation of one coat systems on new steel bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Performance Evaluation of Bridge Deck Protection Systems written by Minnesota. Department of Transportation. Research and Standards Section and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluation of Multiple Corrosion Protection Systems and Corrosion Inhibitors for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by Lihua Xing and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The corrosion performance of different corrosion protection systems is evaluated using the mortar-wrapped rapid macrocell test, bench-scale tests (the Southern Exposure, cracked beam, and ASTM G109 tests), and field tests. The systems include conventional steel with three different corrosion inhibitors (DCI-S, Hycrete, and Rheocrete), epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR) with three different corrosion inhibitors and ECR with a primer coating containing microencapsulated calcium nitrite, multiple-coated reinforcement with a zinc layer underlying an epoxy coating, ECR with zinc chromate pretreatment before application of the epoxy coating to improve adhesion between the epoxy and the underlying steel, ECR with improved adhesion epoxy coatings, and pickled 2205 duplex stainless steel. Conventional steel in concretes with two different water-cement ratios (0.45 and 0.35) is also tested. Of these systems, specimens containing conventional steel or conventional epoxy-coated steel serve as controls. The critical chloride thresholds of conventional steel in concrete with different corrosion inhibitors and zinc-coated reinforcement are determined. The results of the tests are used in an economic analysis of bridge decks containing different corrosion protection systems over a design life of 75 years. The results indicate that a reduced water-cement ratio improves the corrosion resistance of conventional steel in uncracked concrete compared to the same steel in concrete with a higher water-cement ratio. The use of a corrosion inhibitor improves the corrosion resistance of conventional steel in both cracked and uncracked concrete and delays the onset of corrosion in uncracked concrete, but provides only a very limited improvement in the corrosion resistance of epoxy-coated reinforcement due to the high corrosion resistance provided by the epoxy coating itself. Based on results in the field tests, the epoxy-coated bars with a primer containing microencapsulated calcium nitrite show no improvement in the corrosion resistance compared to conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement. Increased adhesion between the epoxy coating and reinforcing steel provides no improvement in the corrosion resistance of epoxy-coated reinforcement. The corrosion losses for multiple-coated reinforcement are comparable with those of conventional epoxy-coated reinforcement in the field tests in uncracked and cracked concrete. Corrosion potential measurements show that the zinc is corroded preferentially, providing protection for the underlying steel. Pickled 2205 stainless steel demonstrates excellent corrosion resistance, and no corrosion activity is observed for the pickled 2205 stainless steel in bridge decks, or in the SE, CB, or field test specimens after four years.

Download or read book Corrosion Protection Performance Evaluation of Low Permeable Concretes in Exposure Specimens written by Jerzy Zemajtis and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The application of a mineral admixture or a combination of a mineral admixture with corrosion inhibitor are the methods used for the corrosion protection for reinforced concrete bridges. The results of a 1.5-year study on evaluation of three concretes with fly ash, slag cement (SC), and silica fume (SF) and one concrete with silica fume and a corrosion inhibitor (SFD) are presented. The specimens were built to simulate four exposure conditions typical for concrete bridges located in the coastal region or inland where deicing salts are used. The exposure conditions were horizontal, vertical, tidal, and immersed zones. The specimens were kept inside the laboratory and were exposed to weekly ponding cycles of 6% sodium chloride solution by weight. In addition, cover depth measurements from 21 bridge decks and chloride data from 3 bridge decks were used, together with laboratory data, in modeling the service lives of investigated corrosion protection methods. The methods used to assess the condition of the specimens included chloride concentration measurements, corrosion potentials, and corrosion rates (3LP). Additionally, visual observations were performed for identification of rust stains and cracking on concrete surfaces. The results of chloride testing indicate that the amount of chlorides present at the bar level is more than sufficient to initiate corrosion. Chloride and rapid permeability data demonstrate that for low permeable (LP) concretes there appears to be significant difference both in a rate of chloride ingress and in the diffusion coefficients in comparison to the controls. Corrosion potentials agree with corrosion rates and suggest the possibility of an active corrosion process development on control specimens during indoor exposure. The structural cracks that were observed in some specimens appeared to have no influence on the corrosion development on the bars in the vicinity of the these cracks. It was concluded that the silicone and duct tape protection was adequate. The cracking, other than structural, appeared to be related to the reinforcing steel corrosion, except the cracks in the horizontal zone of the specimen with slag cement which were probably caused by the subsidence cracking. The least number of cracks was observed on the SF and SFD specimens. Modeling the time as a function of probability of the end of functional service life (EFSL) was presented. It has been shown that the distributions of surface concentrations of chloride ions (CO) and diffusion constants (DC) are key elements in the model. Model predictions show that the LP concretes provide much better level of protection against moisture and chlorides than the A4 concrete alone. Application of a corrosion inhibitor causes an elevation of the chloride threshold resulting in an additional increase in time to EFSL. Recommendations are to continue monitoring until cracking has occurred in all specimens to a greater extent to better estimate the service lives of LP concretes than is presently known in the construction of concrete bridge components in Virginia. The specimens with LP concretes and one control (continuous reinforcement in the legs) should be taken to the Hampton Road North Tunnel Island and placed in the brackish water to a depth of the immersed zone at low tide for further exposure to chloride. The other control (non-continuous reinforcement in the legs) should remain in an outdoor exposure in Southwest Virginia like the Civil Engineering Materials Research Laboratory in Blacksburg, Virginia. Also more field studies are needed to better estimate distributions of surface chloride concentration and diffusion coefficient of Virginia bridge decks, and to confirm predicted times to EFSL for LP concretes.

Download or read book Multiple Corrosion Protection Systems for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Components written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Eleven systems combining epoxy coated reinforcement with another corrosion protection system are evaluated using the rapid macrocell, Southern Exposure, cracked beam, and linear polarization resistance tests. The systems include bars that are pretreated with zinc chromate to improve the adhesion between the epoxy and the reinforcing steel; two epoxies with improved adhesion to the reinforcing steel; one inorganic corrosion inhibitor, calcium nitrite; two organic corrosion inhibitors; an epoxy coated bar with a primer containing microencapsulated calcium nitrite; the three epoxy coated bars with improved adhesion combined with the corrosion inhibitor calcium nitrite; and multiple coated bars with an initial 2 mil coating of 98 percent zinc and 2 percent aluminum followed by a conventional epoxy coating. The systems are compared with conventional uncoated reinforcement and conventional epoxy coated reinforcement. The results presented in this report represent the findings obtained during the first half of a 5 year study that includes longer term ASTM G 109 and field tests. In the short term tests used to date, the epoxy coatings evaluated provide superior corrosion protection to the reinforcing steel. The results also indicate that the bars will continue to perform well in the longer term, although the tests do not evaluate the effects of long term reductions in the bond between the epoxy and the reinforcing steel. The corrosion rate on the exposed regions of damaged epoxy coated reinforcement is somewhat higher than the average corrosion rate on the surface of uncoated reinforcement subjected to similar exposure conditions. The use of concrete with a reduced water cement ratio improves the corrosion performance of both conventional and epoxy coated reinforcement in uncracked concrete but has little effect in cracked concrete. Increased adhesion between the epoxy and reinforcing steel provides no significant improvement in the corrosion resistance of epoxy coated reinforcement. It appears that corrosion inhibitors in concrete and the primer coating containing microencapsulated calcium nitrite improve the corrosion resistance of the epoxy coated steel in uncracked concrete, but not in cracked concrete. The zinc coating on the multiple coated bars acts as a sacrificial barrier and provides some corrosion protection to the underlying steel in both uncracked and cracked concrete. The degree of protection, however, cannot be evaluated based on the results available to date.

Download or read book Strategic Evaluation of Different Topical Protection Systems for Bridge Decks and the Associated Life cycle Cost Analysis written by Yu-chang Liang and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bridge decks deteriorate faster and require more maintenance and repair than any other structural components on highway bridges. Topical protection systems act as barriers to protect bridge decks from corrosion damage by preventing water, oxygen, and chloride ions from reaching the reinforcement. This study evaluated topical protection systems commonly used on highway bridge decks in Colorado, including low-permeability concrete overlays and waterproof membranes with asphalt overlays.

Download or read book Environmentally Acceptable Materials for the Corrosion Protection of Steel Bridges written by and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The recently promulgated environmental regulations concerning volatile organic compounds (VOC) and certain hazardous heavy metals have had a great impact on the bridge painting industry. As a response to these regulations, many of the major coating manufacturers now offer "environmentally acceptable" alternative coating systems to replace those traditionally used on bridge structures. The Federal Highway Administration sponsored a 7-year study to determine the relative corrosion control performance of these newly available coating systems. The most promising coating systems were selected for long-term field evaluation based on accelerated test performance. The long-term exposure testing was conducted for 5 years in three marine locations. Panels were exposed on two bridges, one in New Jersey and one in southern Louisiana. The third long-term exposure location was in Sea Isle City, New Jersey. Thirteen coating systems were included for long-term exposure testing.

Download or read book Evaluation of Corrosion Protection Methods for Reinforced Concrete Highway Structures written by Jennifer L. Kepler and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the 1970s, research projects and field studies have been conducted on different methods for protecting reinforced concrete bridges from corrosion damage. The methods include alternative reinforcement and slab design, barrier methods, electrochemical methods, and corrosion inhibitors. Each method and its underlying principles are described, performance results of laboratory and/or field trials are reviewed, and systems are evaluated based on the results of the trials. Using performance results from the studies and costs obtained from transportation agencies, an economic analysis is used to estimate the cost of each system over a 75-year economic life using discount rates of 2%, 4% and 6%.

Download or read book Durability of Steel Bridge Corrosion Protection Systems Using Field Data and Laboratory Testing written by Julie Giannino and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Corrosion is the greatest problem facing steel bridges today. Corrosion is caused by the interaction of steel and atmospheric conditions. It can be prevented by adding a protective layer to the steel or by using a protective steel, collectively known as corrosion protection systems. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance of six of the most common corrosion protection systems: uncoated weathering steel (UWS), uncoated stainless steel, galvanizing, metallizing, 1-coat inorganic zinc paint, and a 3-coat organic zinc paint system, in relatively corrosive environments. The severely corrosive environments considered in this research are coastal environments where natural chlorides are present and environments where chlorides are present via the high use of deicing salts. Performance was evaluated first through a statistical analysis of existing field data and subsequently through implementation of laboratory accelerated corrosion testing on each of the corrosion protection systems for 80 cycles, representing 80 years in the field. The statistical analysis of field data showed the relative ranking in order of descending performance to be: galvanizing, UWS, then paint, with metallizing having variable performance over different age ranges; this ranking was affirmed by longevity estimates determined through laboratory testing when lower, more conservative percent mass loss and percent rusted benchmarks were used to determine the longevity estimates. Stainless steel corroded more than expected during laboratory testing and requires further investigation. The implications of the longevity estimates show that steel can provide a long service life even in a relatively severe environment. Use of any of these corrosion protection systems can improve performance, increase service life, decrease required maintenance, and provide economical steel bridges.

Download or read book Performance Evaluation of Bridge Deck Protection Systems written by M. G. Hagen and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Introduction to Civil Engineering Systems written by Samuel Labi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-03-25 with total page 1060 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents an integrated systems approach to the evaluation, analysis, design, and maintenance of civil engineering systems. Addressing recent concerns about the world's aging civil infrastructure and its environmental impact, the author makes the case for why any civil infrastructure should be seen as part of a larger whole. He walks readers through all phases of a civil project, from feasibility assessment to construction to operations, explaining how to evaluate tasks and challenges at each phase using a holistic approach. Unique coverage of ethics, legal issues, and management is also included.

Download or read book Reliability and Optimization of Structural Systems written by Marc Maes and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-11-17 with total page 404 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is an outcome of the 11th IFIP WG7.5 working conference on Reliability and Optimization of Structural Systems in Canada. The conference focuses on structural reliability methods and applications and engineering risk analysis and decision-making.

Download or read book Performance of Multiple Corrosion Protection Systems for Reinforced Concrete Bridge Decks written by Matthew O'Reilly and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 487 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: