Download or read book Performance Analysis and Protocol Design of Opportunistic Routing in Multi hop Wireless Networks written by Chun Pong Luk and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Multihop Wireless Networks written by Kai Zeng and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-07-13 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to opportunistic routing an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks This book presents a comprehensive background to the technological challenges lying behind opportunistic routing. The authors cover many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles, performance limit and performance improvement of opportunistic routing compared to traditional routing, energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, geographic opportunistic routing, opportunistic broadcasting, and security issues associated with opportunistic routing, etc. Furthermore, the authors discuss technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. The book brings together all the new results on this topic in a systematic, coherent and unified presentation and provides a much needed comprehensive introduction to this topic. Key Features: Addresses opportunistic routing, an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks Discusses the technological challenges lying behind this new technology, and covers a wide range of practical implementation issues Explores many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles of opportunistic routing, performance limits and performance improvement, and compares them to traditional routing (e.g. energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, broadcasting, and security issues) Covers technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. This book provides an invaluable reference for researchers working in the field of wireless networks and wireless communications, and Wireless professionals. Graduate students will also find this book of interest.

Download or read book Performance Evaluation of Opportunistic Routing Protocols for Multi hop Wireless Networks written by Sergio Rolando Guercin and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nowadays, Opportunistic Routing (OR) is widely considered to be the most important paradigm for Multi-hop wireless networks (MWNs). It exploits the broadcast nature of wireless medium to propagate information from one point to another within the network. In OR scheme, when a node has new information to share, it rst needs to set its forwarding list which include the IDs and/or any relevant information to its best suited neighboring nodes. This operation is supported by the use of appropriate metrics. Then, it executes a coordination algorithm allowing transmission reliability and high throughput among the next-hop forwarders. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive guide to understand the characteristics and challenges faced in the area of opportunistic routing protocols in MWNs. Moreover, since the planet we live on is largely covered by water, OR protocols have gained much attention during the last decade in real-time aquatic applications, such as oil/chemical spill monitoring, ocean resource management, anti-submarine missions and so on. One of the major problems in Underwater Wireless Sensor Network (UWSNs) is determining an e cient and reliable routing methodology between the source node and the destination node. Therefore, designing e cient and robust routing protocols for UWSNs became an attractive topic for researchers. This paper seeks to address in detail the key factors of underwater sensor network. Furthermore, it calls into question 5 state-of-the-art routing protocols proposed for UWSN: The Depth-Based Routing protocol (DBR), the Energy-E cient Depth-Based Routing protocol (EEDBR), the Hydraulic-pressure-based anycast routing protocol (Hydrocast), the Geographic and opportunistic routing protocol with Depth Adjustment for mobile underwater sensor networks (GEDAR), and the Void- Aware Pressure Routing for underwater sensor networks (VAPR). Finally, it covers the performance of those protocol through the use of the R programming language.

Download or read book Opportunistic Routing in Multihop Wireless Networks written by Kai Zeng and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Opportunistic routing (OR) takes advantages of the spatial diversity and broadcast nature of wireless networks to combat the time-varying links by involving multiple neighboring nodes (forwarding candidates) for each packet relay. This dissertation studies the properties, energy efficiency, capacity, throughput, protocol design and security issues about OR in multihop wireless networks. Firstly, we study geographic opportunistic routing (GOR), a variant of OR which makes use of nodes' location information. We identify and prove three important properties of GOR. The first one is on prioritizing the forwarding candidates according to their geographic advancements to the destination. The second one is on choosing the forwarding candidates based on their advancements and link qualities in order to maximize the expected packet advancement (EPA) with different number of forwarding candidates. The third one is on the concavity of the maximum EPA in respect to the number of forwarding candidates. We further propose a local metric, EPA per unit energy consumption, to tradeoff the routing performance and energy efficiency for GOR. Leveraging the proved properties of GOR, we propose two efficient algorithms to select and prioritize forwarding candidates to maximize the local metric. Secondly, capacity is a fundamental issue in multihop wireless networks. We propose a framework to compute the end-to-end throughput bound or capacity of OR in single/multirate systems given OR strategies (candidate selection and prioritization). Taking into account wireless interference and unique properties of OR, we propose a new method of constructing transmission conflict graphs, and we introduce the concept of concurrent transmission sets to allow the proper formulation of the maximum end-to-end throughput problem as a maximum-flow linear programming problem subject to the transmission conflict constraints. We also propose two OR metrics: expected medium time (EMT) and expected advancement rate (EAR), and the corresponding distributed and local rate and candidate set selection schemes, the Least Medium Time OR (LMTOR) and the Multirate Geographic OR (MGOR). We further extend our framework to compute the capacity of OR in multi-radio multi-channel systems with dynamic OR strategies. We study the necessary and sufficient conditions for the schedulability of a traffic demand vector associated with a transmitter to its forwarding candidates in a concurrent transmission set. We further propose an LP approach and a heuristic algorithm to obtain an opportunistic forwarding strategy scheduling that satisfies a traffic demand vector. Our methodology can be used to calculate the end-to-end throughput bound of OR in multi-radio/channel/rate multihop wireless networks, as well as to study the OR behaviors (such as candidate selection and prioritization) under different network configurations. Thirdly, protocol design of OR in a contention-based medium access environment is an important and challenging issue. In order to avoid duplication, we should ensure only the "best" receiver of each packet to forward it in an efficient way. We investigate the existing candidate coordination schemes and propose a "fast slotted acknowledgment" (FSA) to further improve the performance of OR by using a single ACK to coordinate the forwarding candidates with the help of the channel sensing technique. Furthermore, we study the throughput of GOR in multi-rate and single-rate systems. We introduce a framework to analyze the one-hop throughput of GOR, and provide a deeper insight on the trade-off between the benefit (packet advancement, bandwidth, and transmission reliability) and cost (medium time delay) associated with the node collaboration. We propose a local metric named expected one-hop throughput (EOT) to balance the benefit and cost. Finally, packet reception ratio (PRR) has been widely used as an indicator of the link quality in multihop wireless networks. Many routing protocols including OR in wireless networks depend on the PRR information to make routing decision. Providing accurate link quality measurement (LQM) is essential to ensure the right operation of these routing protocols. However, the existing LQM mechanisms are subject to malicious attacks, thus can not guarantee to provide correct link quality information. We analyze the security vulnerabilities in the existing link quality measurement (LQM) mechanisms and propose an efficient broadcast-based secure LQM (SLQM) mechanism, which prevents the malicious attackers from reporting a higher PRR than the actual one. We analyze the security strength and the cost of the proposed mechanism.

Download or read book Routing for Wireless Multi Hop Networks written by Sherin Abdel Hamid and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-18 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this brief is to identify what unifies and what distinguishes the routing functions in four wireless multi-hop network paradigms. The brief introduces a generic routing model that can be used as a foundation of wireless multi-hop routing protocol analysis and design. It demonstrates that such model can be adopted by any wireless multi-hop routing protocol. Also presented is a glimpse of the ideal wireless multi-hop routing protocol along with several open issues.

Download or read book Opportunistic Routing and Network Coding in Multi hop Wireless Mesh Networks written by Chen Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The rapid advancements in communication and networking technologies boost the capacity of wireless networks. Multi-hop wireless networks are extremely exciting and rapidly developing areas and have been receiving an increasing amount of attention by researchers. Due to the limited transmission range of the nodes, end-to-end nodes may situate beyond direct radio transmission ranges. Intermediate nodes are required to forward data in order to enable the communication between nodes that are far apart. Routing in such networks is a critical issue. Opportunistic routing has been proposed to increase the network performance by utilizing the broadcast nature of wireless media. Unlike traditional routing, the forwarder in opportunistic routing broadcasts date packets before the selection of the next hop. Therefore, opportunistic routing can consider multiple downstream nodes as potential candidate nodes to forward data packets instead of using a dedicated next hop. Instead of simply forwarding received packets, network coding allows intermediate nodes to combine all received packets into one or more coded packets. It can further improve network throughput by increasing the transmission robustness and efficiency. In this dissertation, we will study the fundamental components, related issues and associated challenges about opportunistic routing and network coding in multi-hop wireless networks. Firstly, we focus on the performance analysis of opportunistic routing by the Discrete Time Markov Chain (DTMC). Our study demonstrates how to map packet transmissions in the network with state transitions in a Markov chain. We will consider pipelined data transfer and evaluate opportunistic routing in different wireless networks in terms of expected number of transmissions and time slots. Secondly, we will propose a regional forwarding schedule to optimize the coordination of opportunistic routing. In our coordination algorithm, the forwarding schedule is limited to the range of the transmitting node rather than among the entire set of forwarders. With such an algorithm, our proposal can increase the throughput by deeper pipelined transmissions. Thirdly, we will propose a mechanism to support TCP with opportunistic routing and network coding, which are rarely incorporated with TCP because the frequent occurrences of out-of-order arrivals in opportunistic routing and long decoding delay in network coding overpower TCP congestion control. Our solution completes the control feedback loop of TCP by creating a bridge between the sender and the receiver. The simulation result shows that our protocol significantly outperforms TCP/IP in terms of network throughput in different topologies of wireless networks.

Download or read book Multihop Wireless Networks written by Kai Zeng and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2011-08-01 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an introduction to opportunistic routing an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks This book presents a comprehensive background to the technological challenges lying behind opportunistic routing. The authors cover many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles, performance limit and performance improvement of opportunistic routing compared to traditional routing, energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, geographic opportunistic routing, opportunistic broadcasting, and security issues associated with opportunistic routing, etc. Furthermore, the authors discuss technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. The book brings together all the new results on this topic in a systematic, coherent and unified presentation and provides a much needed comprehensive introduction to this topic. Key Features: Addresses opportunistic routing, an emerging technology designed to improve the packet forwarding reliability, network capacity and energy efficiency of multihop wireless networks Discusses the technological challenges lying behind this new technology, and covers a wide range of practical implementation issues Explores many fundamental research issues for this new concept, including the basic principles of opportunistic routing, performance limits and performance improvement, and compares them to traditional routing (e.g. energy efficiency and distributed opportunistic routing protocol design, broadcasting, and security issues) Covers technologies such as multi-rate, multi-channel, multi-radio wireless communications, energy detection, channel measurement, etc. This book provides an invaluable reference for researchers working in the field of wireless networks and wireless communications, and Wireless professionals. Graduate students will also find this book of interest.

Download or read book Routing in Opportunistic Networks written by Isaac Woungang and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-10 with total page 421 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Routing in Opportunistic Networks focuses on the basics of opportunistic networks, modeling and communication in opportunistic networks, routing in opportunistic networks, and collaboration and cooperation in opportunistic networks. The editors will cover such topics as mobility characterization and discovery in opportunistic networks, scheduling and medium access control in opportunistic networks as well as testbed, tools, and measurements for opportunistic networks.

Download or read book Multi hop Routing for Wireless Mesh Networks written by Abhijeet Bhorkar and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 138 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless Mesh networks have the potential to provide inexpensive and quick access to the internet for military communications, surveillance, education, healthcare and disaster management. This work caters to the growing high-bandwidth demands by providing low delay and high throughput by designing efficient, robust routing algorithms for wireless mesh networks. Chapters 2 and 3 of this dissertation describe adaptive routing algorithms that opportunistically route the packets in the absence of reliable knowledge about channel statistics and the network model. We design two adaptive routing algorithms, Distributed Opportunistic Routing (d-AdaptOR) and No Regret Routing (NRR), which minimize the expected number of transmissions and thus improving the throughput. The remainder of the dissertation concerns with the design routing algorithms to avoid congestion in the network. In Chapter 4, we describe a Distributed Opportunistic Routing algorithm with Congestion Diversity (ORCD) which employs receiver diversity and minimizes end-end delay. In Chapter 5, we present the Congestion Diversity Protocol (CDP), a distributed routing protocol for 802.11-based multi-hop wireless networks that combines important aspects of shortest-path and back-pressure routing to achieve improved end-end delay performance. This work reports on a practical (hardware and software) implementation of CDP in an indoor Wi-Fi testbed.

Download or read book An Opportunistic Routing Protocol Design for Wireless Networks written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ad hoc networking research has received considerable attention in recent years as it represents the next phase of networking evolution. Efficient and reliable routing of data from the source to destination with minimal power consumption remains the crux of the research problem. Fading mechanisms inherent in wireless communications can impact the packet routing mechanisms in these types of networks. In this thesis, we develop a mathematical framework for evaluating several network diversity schemes that take advantage of the random nature of fading to provide/ enhance the network performance. The efficacy of these different network diversity mechanisms are examined in slow-fading, frequency non-selective Rice and Nakagami-m multipath fading channels. Performance metrics such as the end-to-end outage probability and the end-to-end average symbol error rate are studied in the analysis of these types of networks with the proposed network diversity schemes. Numerical results reveal that the proposed schemes can offer significant power efficiency improvement in a variety of operating scenarios of practical interest.

Download or read book Opportunistic Routing in Wireless Networks written by Tara Javidi and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Wireless multi-hop networks have become an important part of many modern communication systems. Opportunistic routing aims to overcome the deficiencies of conventional routing on wireless multi-hop networks, by specifically utilizing wireless broadcast opportunities and receiver diversity. Opportunistic routing algorithms, which are specifically optimized to incorporate into the routing decisions a model of wireless transmission, take advantage of scheduling, multi-user, and receiver diversity gains and result in significant reduction in the expected cost of routing per packet. The ability of the algorithm to take advantage of the aspects of wireless transmission, however, depends on the scalability and the additional overhead associated with the opportunistic routing as well as the availability of side information regarding wireless channel statistics, topology, etc. This monograph sheds light on the performance gains associated with incorporating into the routing strategy the nature of wireless transmission. This monograph first provides an overview of various opportunistic distance-vector algorithms that have been developed to incorporate wireless transmission and routing opportunities. Furthermore, an optimal opportunistic distance metric is proposed whose performance is examined against the performance of several routing algorithms from the literature. The performance is examined first in analytical examples, then via simulation to identify the strengths of the optimal opportunist routing algorithm. To allow for a scalable and distributed solution, the distributed computation of this optimal distance-metric is provided. The performance of a distributed implementation of the optimal opportunistic routing algorithm is also examined via simulation. In addition to the construction of the opportunistic schemes in centralized and distributed fashions, this monograph also addresses how learning the wireless medium can be efficiently incorporated in the structure of routing algorithm. Finally, this monograph examines the dynamic congestion-based distance metric and its performance against other congestion aware solutions in the literature.

Download or read book Design and Analysis of Medium Access Protocols for Multi hop Wireless Networks written by Kezhu Hong and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 286 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applied Informatics and Communication Part II written by Dehuai Zeng and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-08-02 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The five volume set CCIS 224-228 constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International conference on Applied Informatics and Communication, ICAIC 2011, held in Xi'an, China in August 2011. The 446 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from numerous submissions. The papers cover a broad range of topics in computer science and interdisciplinary applications including control, hardware and software systems, neural computing, wireless networks, information systems, and image processing.

Download or read book On Opportunistic Cooperative Medium Access Control Protocols for Single hop and Multi hop IEEE 802 11 Based Wireless Networks written by Kumaran Vijayasankar and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 604 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cooperation is then applied to end-to-end multi-hop routes by using a relay if available for each hop along the end-to-end route. Performance improvements in terms of saturated throughput and end-to-end delay are evaluated for static predetermined routes. COBRA MAC is then combined with dynamic routing protocols like AODV and OLSR when a single transmission rate is used. Relay selection and performance improvements obtained under such conditions are then presented. Since, a typical IEEE 802.11 based network has multiple transmission rates, rate selection for the relay becomes important. Hence, heuristics to perform rate selection for relays are presented. Finally, a metric that jointly optimizes the end-to-end route and relay selection in a multi-hop network is proposed. Using analysis and simulations, it is shown that opportunistic cooperation provides noticeable performance improvements when applied to a multi-hop network.

Download or read book Implementation and Performance Analysis of a Scalable Routing Protocol written by Rudhrakumar Venkatesan and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ad Hoc networks are multi-hop wireless networks consisting of mobile hosts. They do not have any pre-existing network infrastructure and are characterized by constantly changing topology, limited battery power and bandwidth. Typical applications of such networks are battlefield networks, medical relief during natural calamities or disasters, conference room networking, and intra-vehicular communications. Routing packets in an ad-hoc network is a challenge because of the mobile nature of the nodes and the constantly changing topology. In ad hoc networks, each mobile node functions as a router, forwarding packets, establishing routes and helping each other in maintaining the network. A novel scalable routing protocol SLURP (Scalable Location Updated-based Routing Protocol) addresses these issues of ad hoc networks routing. The protocol is based on a location management strategy, which keeps the routing overhead to a minimum. In this thesis we compare the protocol against an existing set of multi-hop ad hoc network routing protocols that cover a range of design choices: DSDV, TORA, DSR, and AODV. We implemented SLURP in the network simulator ns-2, with the necessary wireless extensions. Experiments were run to simulate changes in network topology, number of active sources, link connectivity, and speed of motion. The difference in performance and scalability are illustrated.

Download or read book Multi rate multi range Routing Protocol for Multi hop Mobile Ad Hoc Networks written by 陳仁暉 and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book MAC and Routing Protocols for Multi hop Wireless Networks written by Chih-Yuan Liao and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: "Wireless systems for industry have mostly used cellular-phone-style radio links, using point-to-point or point-to-multipoint transmission. Past research has indicated that these network architectures are not suitable for several industrial applications because of their rigid structure, meticulous planning requirements, and dropped signals. In contrast, wireless mesh networks are multi-hop systems in which devices assist each other in transmitting packets through the network, and they provide a reliable, flexible system that can be extended to thousands of devices. Some inherent advantages with mesh networks are scalability, non line-of-sight communications, high data rates, and low-cost deployment. Mesh networks have been deployed by MIT researchers and a few companies on a small scale. Mesh networks have not been deployed widely, in part because of some fundamental problems with the current protocols with regards to QoS support and scalability. To meet these requirements, the MAC protocol should be able to guarantee near constant capacity for networks of different sizes, and the routing protocol should perform admission control. Current CSMA-based MAC protocols have been shown to perform inadequately in terms of throughput and scalability in multi-hop deployments. The key problem with using protocols like IEEE 802.11 is that the link throughput is affected severely due to the exposed terminal problem, uncoordinated contentions, and wasteful backoffs. With the 802.11 MAC protocol, our results show that the capacity falls to about 1/10th for a chain and below 1/20th for a grid with horizontal constant bit rate flows. We have developed the WisperNet MAC and routing protocols, which provide end-to-end QoS guarantees over a multi-hop mesh network. By exploiting the topology information and the fact that fixed wireless nodes separated by 3 hops or more can transmit simultaneously, we eliminate collisions and maximize network utilization. The WisperNet routing protocol performs admission control. We show that the WisperNet MAC protocol can guarantee up to 9 times more capacity than IEEE 802.11, and this capacity remains nearly constant as the network grows. Also included is a performance analysis of different routing policies, and their effect on network utilization."