Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2011 written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spain s Photovoltaic Revolution written by Pedro A. Prieto and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-01-04 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Energy Return on Energy Invested (EROI or EROEI) is the amount of energy acquired from a particular energy source divided by the energy expended, or invested, in obtaining that energy. EROI is an essential and seemingly simple measure of the usable energy or “energy profit” from the exploitation of an energy source, but it is not so easy to determine all of the energy expenditures that should be included in the calculation. Because EROI values are generally low for renewable energy sources, differences in these estimates can lead to sharply divergent conclusions about the viability of these energy technologies. This book presents the first complete energy analysis of a large-scale, real-world deployment of photovoltaic (PV) collection systems representing 3.5 GW of installed, grid-connected solar plants in Spain. The analysis includes all of the factors that limit and adjust the real electricity output through one full-year cycle, and all of the fossil fuel inputs required to achieve these results. The authors’ comprehensive analysis of energy inputs, which assigns energy cost estimates to all financial expenditures, yields EROI values that are less than half of those claimed by other investigators and by the solar industry. Sensitivity analysis is used to test various assumptions in deriving these EROI estimates. The results imply that the EROI of current, large-scale PV systems may be too low to seamlessly support an energy and economic transition away from fossil fuels. Given the pervasiveness of fossil fuel subsidies in the modern economy, a key conclusion is that all components of the system that brings solar power to the consumer, from manufacturing to product maintenance and life cycle, must be improved in terms of energy efficiency. The materials science of solar conversion efficiency is only one such component. Sunny Spain represented an ideal case study as the country had the highest penetration of solar PV energy at 2.3 percent of total national demand as well as state-of-the-art expertise in solar power including grid management of intermittent, modern renewable systems. This book, written by a uniquely qualified author team consisting of the chief engineer for several major photovoltaic projects in Spain and the world’s leading expert on the concept and application of EROI, provides a comprehensive understanding of the net energy available to society from energy sources in general and from functioning PV installations under real-world conditions in particular. The authors provide critical insight into the capacity of renewable energy sources to fill the foreseeable gap between world energy demand and depletion rates for fossil fuels. · Presents the first comprehensive study of the EROI of large-scale solar PV systems in a developed country · Uses real-world operational data rather than laboratory approximations and extrapolations · Describes the dependence of one alternative energy source on the goods and services of a fossil-fueled economy · Has global implications for the potential of renewable energy sources to replace dwindling reserves of fossil fuels · Written with the first-hand knowledge of the chief, on-site engineer for many solar installations in Spain together with the leader in the development and application of the concept of EROI
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2010 written by España. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2010 written by España. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 339 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2009 written by España. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2004 written by España. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book ECOS 2012 The 25th International Conference on Efficiency Cost Optimization and Simulation of Energy Conversion Systems and Processes Perugia June 26th June 29th 2012 written by Umberto Desideri and published by Firenze University Press. This book was released on 2012 with total page 3218 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 8-volume set contains the Proceedings of the 25th ECOS 2012 International Conference, Perugia, Italy, June 26th to June 29th, 2012. ECOS is an acronym for Efficiency, Cost, Optimization and Simulation (of energy conversion systems and processes), summarizing the topics covered in ECOS: Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer, Exergy and Second Law Analysis, Process Integration and Heat Exchanger Networks, Fluid Dynamics and Power Plant Components, Fuel Cells, Simulation of Energy Conversion Systems, Renewable Energies, Thermo-Economic Analysis and Optimisation, Combustion, Chemical Reactors, Carbon Capture and Sequestration, Building/Urban/Complex Energy Systems, Water Desalination and Use of Water Resources, Energy Systems- Environmental and Sustainability Issues, System Operation/ Control/Diagnosis and Prognosis, Industrial Ecology.
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2006 written by España. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente. Dirección General de Calidad y Evaluación Ambiental and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Climate Change Adaptation in Practice written by Philipp Schmidt-Thome and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 413 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Climate change adaptation is increasingly recognized as complementary part to climate change mitigation. Climate change affects sea level, the extent of flood prone areas and precipitation patterns among many others. To adapt to these changes, the tasks of municipalities and cities are to implement policies and strategies for changes in land use and coastal management as part of their future development. It is of vital importance to address the uncertainties of climate change scenarios when proposing adaptation measures that are socially viable and economically reasonable. The decision making process, promoted here, is based on scientific excellence as well on an integrated communication process. This book provides a comprehensive overview of key elements required for effective analysis and assessment of climate change impacts, economic cost-benefit analysis, communication processes and creation and transfer of knowledge, governance issues and implementation of related policies. It describes the results achieved by the BaltCICA (www.baltcica.org) project whose contributors come from the scientific and public administration communities. The regional cooperation has led to the implementation of climate change adaptation in several case studies. The BaltCICA project developed concepts, methodologies and tools for climate change adaptation that can be translated across other global regions. Scientists and students working on the development of climate change and adaptation strategies; public administrators in the related fields on local, regional and state level including environment, water management, civil defense; as well as professionals working with adaptation technologies, including engineering, technological solutions, urban planning agencies and construction, will value this innovative book.
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2007 written by Espanya. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente y Medio Rural y Marino and published by . This book was released on 20?? with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2021 written by and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: El Perfil Ambiental de España 2021 es un informe elaborado por la Subsecretaría del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico. Esta serie anual presenta como objetivo acercar la situación ambiental de España al mayor público posible, con información desagregada por comunidades autónomas y referencias a la Unión Europea. La estructura y el contenido de esta edición se organizan en cinco áreas de conocimiento. En ellas se agrupan 10 temas ambientales y sectoriales en los que se organiza la información ambiental, presentada mediante indicadores (71 en total). Para la mayoría de los indicadores se incluye un análisis de su tendencia desagregada en dos horizontes temporales, a su vez divididos en dos periodos: tendencia PRECOVID-19, que presenta dos marcos temporales específicos, 2010-2019 y 2018-2019; y tendencia COVID-19, que presenta los marcos temporales 2019-2020 y 2020-2021. De esta forma se pretende representar la evolución ambiental de nuestro país, condicionada por los efectos de la COVID-19 y las medidas sanitarias adoptadas. El documento se acompaña de tres apéndices que complementan el contenido y la utilización de la publicación, y de un “Resumen ejecutivo” que recopila las líneas más destacadas de la política ambiental y, en ocasiones, las iniciativas adoptadas para su desarrollo y las conclusiones derivadas de los indicadores incluidos que permiten el seguimiento de las mismas. Al final de este resumen se incorpora un “Cuadro de mando” compuesto por un conjunto de indicadores que representan el estado del medio ambiente en España
Download or read book Water Policy and Management in Spain written by Francisco González-Gómez and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-04-08 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spain is facing an increasingly difficult situation in terms of water stress. This is an issue that is due mostly to poor management practices in all sectors. Large amounts of water have been used for agricultural purposes at very low prices for too long; there is an uncontrolled use of most aquifers in rural areas which result from ineffective control by the public administration; per capita consumption continues increasing as well as water used for industrial and energy generation, the construction and tourism sectors and for recreation activities. In fact, they have all exerted additional pressure on available water resources. In order to face the above challenges, water policy has made a gradual shift towards more rational and sustainable management of water resources. This has also been influenced by the European Water Framework Directive about which, as the book discusses, there are both myths and misunderstandings. This book analyses the very complex position of all sectors in the country, the alternatives available and the challenges ahead. In so doing, it makes an important contribution to the literature on water resources management. This book was published as a special issue of the International Journal of Water Resources Development.
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2020 written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Resumen: el Perfil Ambiental de España 2020 es un informe elaborado por la Subdirección General de Relaciones Internacionales (Punto Focal Nacional de la Agencia Europea de Medio Ambiente en España) del Ministerio para la Transición Ecológica y el Reto Demográfico. Esta serie anual presenta como objetivo acercar la situación ambiental de España al mayor público posible, con información desagregada por comunidades autónomas y referencias a la Unión Europea. La estructura y el contenido de esta edición se compone de un primer apartado con un análisis temático específico, dedicado a la situación y relación entre el medio ambiente y la salud, un segundo apartado organizado en torno a cuatro áreas de conocimiento en las que se agrupan los 14 temas ambientales y sectoriales en los que se estructura la información ambiental; el tercer apartado, dedicado a las comunidades autónomas, presenta información gráfica sobre seis temas ambientales, en los que se analiza individualmente la situación de cada territorio autonómico. La parte cuatro incluye tres apéndices que complementan el contenido y la utilización de la publicación.
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2004 written by España. Ministerio de Medio Ambiente and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2005 written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Perfil ambiental de Espa a 2004 written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 211 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
