Download or read book Perceptions of Weight related Health in African American Families written by Amy Kristen Foster and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Qualitative Study on the Perceptions of African American Family Strengths Health and Childhood Obesity written by Chiquita A. Briley and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Surgeon General s Call to Action to Prevent and Decrease Overweight and Obesity written by and published by Office of the Surgeon General. This book was released on 2001 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Promotes the recognition, treatment, and prevention of conditions of overweight and obesity in the United States.

Download or read book Associations Among African American Parent Education Perceptions Behaviors and Child Weight Status written by Tracey Marie Barnett and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Purpose: Obesity in children and adolescents is a worldwide epidemic that is anticipated to worsen over time (Budd & Volpe, 2006; Chatterjee, Blakely, & Barton, 2005; Hossain, Kawar, & El Nahas, 2007). Within the past 30 years, the prevalence of childhood obesity in the United States has more than doubled among children and quadrupled in adolescents (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). People often have inaccurate perceptions of their body size and weight status and this may play a key role in the prevalence of obesity especially for ethnic minorities (Gillard, Lackland, Mountfored, & Egan, 2007; Hendley, et al., 2011). In order to combat child obesity, it is imperative for future research to explore the phenomenon of parent education, behaviors, perceptions and the impact on child weight status within a strong theoretical conceptual model. The purpose of this dissertation is to build a theoretical conceptual model and testable model to understand the associations among African American parent education, behaviors, and perceptions of their child's body size and the impact on their child's weight status. Methods: The School Physical Activity and Nutrition survey (SPAN) was developed using a repeated cross-sectional study design to estimate changes in body mass index (BMI) by three major racial/ethnic groups (African Americans, Hispanics, and whites/others) in Texas public school children (Hoelscher, Day, Lee, Frankowski, Kelder, Ward & Scheurer, 2003). For this study, only African American 4th grade students (n=372) and their parents (n=372) will be used. Data analyses included descriptive statistics, multiple regression, moderation, and mediation analysis. Results: Findings suggest that a parent's level of education had a direct impact on health knowledge and discrimination. Parent perceptions of their child's body size was directly associated with child weight status, but parent weight status moderated this relation. The number of children living in the home had a direct impact socioeconomic status (SES), SES had a direct impact on stress, and stress had a direct impact on parenting rules and discipline. The more physical activity parents did with their children, the lower their child's weight status, however, parent weight status mediated this relation. Lastly, as the consumption of more healthy foods increased, so did the child's weight status. Implications: The findings of this study offer a comprehensive picture of how parent education, perceptions and behaviors impact child weight status. These results highlight suggested areas that may be used by social work practitioners, researchers, and policy makers when working African American parents and their children. This study also suggests a final robust theoretical conceptual model of theory and evidence-based literature to guide future research.

Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.

Download or read book Perceptions and Concerns of Healthy Eating in Low income African American Mothers of Preschoolers written by Lauren Porter and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Health disparities are prevalent in the U.S, with low-income African American children suffering from higher rates of obesity and chronic diseases compared to White children. Currently, little is known about parental perceptions of healthy eating, and concerns related to child health and weight in this at-risk population. The main purpose of this study was to examine perceptions, motivating factors and barriers to healthier eating in a sample of low-income African American parents of 3-5 year old children. The second purpose was to assess parental concerns about health and/or weight and to examine the accuracy of parental perceptions of child weight status. Participants were recruited from Head Start Programs in North Carolina. The Social Cognitive Theory constructs guided focus groups and a survey administered to the participants. Content analysis of 8 focus groups generated the following themes: 1) lack of nutrition knowledge and misconceptions; 2) healthy meals are home-cooked, include meat and starch; 3) family members, lack of maternal modeling, and child pickiness are main barriers to healthier eating; 4) strong awareness of family history of chronic disease, including obesity; 5) lack of concern about child's current weight. Over 25% of mothers underestimated their child's weight status. Our findings highlight important maternal perspectives influencing children's diet quality and long-term health outcomes among low-income at-risk preschoolers. Nutrition educators should be aware that low-income African American mothers may be aware of chronic disease risks, but do not perceive food choices in early childhood as having strong impact on the child's future health."--Abstract from author supplied metadata.

Download or read book Weight Bias written by Kelly D. Brownell and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 2005-08-24 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discrimination based on body shape and size remains commonplace in today's society. This important volume explores the nature, causes, and consequences of weight bias and presents a range of approaches to combat it. Leading psychologists, health professionals, attorneys, and advocates cover such critical topics as the barriers facing obese adults and children in health care, work, and school settings; how to conceptualize and measure weight-related stigmatization; theories on how stigma develops; the impact on self-esteem and health, quite apart from the physiological effects of obesity; and strategies for reducing prejudice and bringing about systemic change.

Download or read book A Look at African American Maternal Beliefs and Perceptions Regarding Childhood Obesity written by Cecilia Gingell and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 124 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Body Image Perceptions and Factors that Influence Engagement in Weight Management Behaviors Among Obese African American Women in Baltimore Maryland written by Keisher DaNee Stokes and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Perception of Weight Status in U S Children and Adolescents Aged 8 15 Years 2005 2012 written by Neda Sarafrazi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Parent and Child Physical Activity Behaviors and Encouragement Among a Sample of African American Families written by Jennifer Cotto and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1980 the prevalence of obesity has nearly doubled worldwide, with at least 2.8 million yearly adult deaths attributed to obesity-related complications (“WHO | Obesity and overweight,” n.d.). Results from the 2011-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) indicate that 31.80% of children, 2 to 19 years of age, were overweight or obese, with African American children having the second highest prevalence (20.20%) when compared to their Asian (8.60%), Caucasian (14.10%) and Hispanic (22.40%) peers (Ogden, Carroll, Kit, & Flegal, 2014). Similarly, African American adults ( 20 yeas-old) had the highest obesity prevalence (47.80%) when compared to their Asian (10.90%), Caucasian (33.40%) and Hispanic (42.00%) peers (Ogden et al., 2014). Physical Activity (PA) has been established as a promising method in weight management and obesity prevention (“Physical Activity for Everyone,” n.d.). However, the majority of adults and children are not physically active (“CDC - Facts - Data - Physical Activity - DNPAO,” n.d.), this is especially evident among minority populations (National Center for Health Statistics (US), 2012; “NHIS - Advance Data Reports,” n.d.). Specifically in 2007, 62.10% of African American children did not get the daily recommended amount of vigorous PA, which was only second to Hispanic children (69.30%) (National Center for Health Statistics (US), 2012). African American adults are also less physically active when compared to their Caucasians and Hispanic peers (“NHIS - Advance Data Reports,” n.d.). Therefore, it is of outmost importance to find ways to reduce this trend and increase PA behaviors, defined as PA frequency, perceived support for PA, and PA barriers, within African American families. Researchers have shown that PA behaviors in both children and adults are associated with the parent-child relationship (Chang, Nitzke, Guilford, Adair, & Hazard, 2008; Edwardson & Gorely, 2010; Fawcett, Garton, & Dandy, 2009; Hamilton & White, 2010; Hinkle, Kirschenbaum, Pecora, & Germann, 2011; Lopez-Dicastillo, Grande, & Callery, 2013; Madsen, McCulloch, & Crawford, 2009; McElroy, 2002; Puglisi, Okely, Pearson, & Vialle, 2010; Wilson, Lawman, Segal, & Chappell, 2011). This is even more meaningful within the African American community given their interdependent and collectivist family culture (McAdoo, 2007). Therefore, the present study focused on describing African American primary parents (or caregivers) PA behaviors and how parental factors are associated with children’s perception of parental support for PA and their weight status. Similar to previous research, it was found that parental behaviors such as parental modeling (Madsen et al., 2009), parental perceived support for their child’s PA (Edwardson & Gorely, 2010; Wilson et al., 2011) and parental stated barriers for their child to be physically active (Adachi-Mejia et al., 2010; Hamilton & White, 2010; Lopez-Dicastillo et al., 2013; Puglisi et al., 2010; Thompson, 2010) were associated with their children’s perception of parental support for PA. However, little support was found for associations between the child’s weight status and their primary parents’ PA behaviors and weight status. Consequently, future research studies focused on African American parents and or children’s PA behaviors should include the nuclear and extended family members, given that PA behaviors are learned and encouraged or discouraged within the family. In addition, measuring the family members PA behaviors can help explore the bi-directional relationship that each family member has on each other’s PA behaviors.

Download or read book Advanced Focus Group Research written by Edward F. Fern and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2001-06-25 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Broad and international in scope, Advanced Focus Group Research introduces a conceptual framework that can help researchers make informed decisions about how to plan and implement a focus group research project.

Download or read book African American Fathers Perceptions of Childhood Overweight written by Vanessa Michelle Byrd and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Childhood overweight/obesity (CHO) is a serious health concern for children and adolescents. Despite increased efforts to prevent CHO, prevalence rates have actually increased. Evidence suggests that parents are critical to successful interventions to reduce CHO among children. While research efforts aimed at parental inclusion have increased, limited research has been conducted to investigate fathers' perception of CHO, or their influences on their children's health. The objective of this two-phase study was to answer three research questions: a) How does the extant literature operationalize African American parental perceptions of childhood overweight/obesity? b) What are African American fathers' perceptions of CHO? and c) How do African American fathers perceive CHO in relation to their own child's weight status? Evidence-based studies reveal that fathers have the potential to play a significant role in CHO prevention. Phase one (literature review) revealed that published studies on parental perception of CHO either exclude fathers, include them only in data collection, and/or report no results specific to paternal perception. Thus, an exploratory qualitative study was needed to explore African American fathers' perceptions of CHO. In phase two (qualitative study), four fathers were interviewed about their perceptions of CHO and how they contextualize this problem. The results indicated fathers believe that weight categories are racially & culturally insensitive and do not account for individual health status or differences in body/bone structure, and that parents with overweight children are financially disadvantaged, irresponsible and overworked. Fathers also indicated that colloquial terms (e.g., chunky, husky, big-boned, thick) were commonly substituted medical definitions for overweight and that child/teen sports participation was motivated by health, as well as non-health related benefits (e.g., competitiveness, educational scholarships). Further, fathers' identification of CHO is subjective and includes visual means and parental assessment of health status (e.g., child mobility/activity levels). Implications of this study are that additional studies are needed to clarify fathers' roles in CHO and that future studies should consider complex familial structures, as well as reframe prevention efforts to focus on optimal child health as opposed to weight labeling and focusing on parents' accuracy in identifying weight categories.

Download or read book Perceptions of Obesity Body Image and Health in African American Women written by Robin Cash-Larsen and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Religion in the Lives of African Americans written by Robert Joseph Taylor and published by SAGE. This book was released on 2004 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Religion in the Lives of African Americans: Social, Psychological, and Health Perspectives examines many broad issues including the structure and sociodemographic patterns of religious involvement; the relationship between religion and physical and mental health and well-being; the impact of church support and the use of ministers for personal issues; and the role of religion within specific subgroups of the African American population such as women and the elderly. Authors Robert Joseph Taylor, Linda M. Chatters, and Jeff Levin reflect upon current empirical research and derive conclusions from several wide-ranging national surveys, as well as a focus group study of religion and coping. Recommended for students taking courses in racial and ethnic studies, multicultural and minority studies, black studies, religious studies, psychology, sociology, human development and family studies, gerontology, social work, public health, and nursing.

Download or read book Preventing Childhood Obesity written by Dayna S. Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Author's abstract: Preventing childhood obesity is a global priority due to adverse health risks and financial burdens. With childhood obesity rates stabilizing it is difficult to determine which factors alone (i.e., genetic, environmental, behavioral, or demographic) increase susceptibility to childhood obesity. Parents influence childhood obesity risk factors through their parenting styles and behaviors. Social behavioral theories and public health evidence demonstrate including parents in childhood obesity efforts could assist in reducing childhood obesity rates. The objective of this study was to assess perceptions of childhood obesity among African Americans with children enrolled in a rural elementary school in the Deep South. The concurrent mixed methods study utilized a fifty-nine item questionnaire and fourteen semi-structured interview guide to collect information on perceptions of risk factors, health complications, weight status of the child, the built environment, and prevention strategies. Using a convenience sample, participants ages 22-65, completed a paper-based survey (n=135) and participated in a face-to-face interview (n=12). Descriptive statistics were obtained from the surveys. A six-step process was used for qualitative analysis. Participants commonly cited behavioral risk factors as a contributing cause of childhood obesity; yet, they did not believe social aspects and appearance of the community were contributing factors. Also diabetes, hypertension, and stroke were health complications reported by participants. Analysis of the surveys and interviews revealed that participants assessed their child's weight and height status by child's appearance or the child's recent doctor visit. In addition, few participants had a distorted view of their child's weight status. Barriers reported by participants included safety and insufficient physical activity venues and programs. Furthermore, participants believed parents played a vital role in the prevention of childhood obesity. Findings suggest that programs and interventions would be effective by focusing on parental concerns in rural communities. In addition, engaging parents in the design, implementation, and evaluation of these efforts would be beneficial. Obesity prevention efforts must address parent's individual choices, lifestyles, and the external environment of the rural community.

Download or read book The Influence of Perceptions and Experiences of Racial Discrimination on Body Mass Index Among the Black Women s Health Study Cohort written by Dana-Marie Thomas and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 698 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS) and building on what is currently known about perceptions of racism and discrimination and its mechanisms, this study attempts to demonstrate the value of identifying additional variables that may serve as potential risk factors for obesity among African American women. Using secondary data analysis, the purpose of this study was to expand the scope of existing obesity research by examining a 1997 cross-sectional dataset of self-reported questionnaire responses among a random sample of African American women enrolled in the Black Women's Health Study (BWHS) to examine the association between perceptions of racism and discrimination within 3 domains (e.g., perceived racism, institutional racism, race consciousness) and body mass index (BMI) after controlling for selected sociodemographic, psychological, behavioral, and reproductive factors. The general hypothesis of the study was that self-reported responses to perceptions and experiences of racism and discrimination would be significantly associated with differences in weight (as measured by BMI) among the sample utilized for the current study. A convenience sample of 5,044 African American women enrolled in the BWHS was included for analysis in this non-probability cross-sectional study. A biopsychosocial theoretical framework was used to understand the unique role of perceived racism, institutional racism and race consciousness had on body mass index (BMI) among the BWHS cohort. These factors were examined because of their relevance to African American females' experiences. The data were analyzed through hierarchical multiple and logistic regression through SPSS 14.0. The major findings of this research indicate that a large random sample of African American women enrolled in the Black Women's Health Study found a clear relationship between perceived racism and body mass index (BMI). Results revealed consistent with the study's main hypothesis that self-reported responses to perceptions and experiences of racial discrimination would be significantly associated with differences in weight (as measured by BMI), the summary variable for perceived racism was significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI) among the BWHS cohort. Elevated odds ratios were observed for the variable that summarized perceived racism. Elevated odds ratios were also observed for most of the individual perceived racism questions. Results also revealed the variable for race consciousness was a significant individual predictor of body mass index (BMI) among the sample. Notably, perceptions and experiences of racial discrimination did not predict differences in the level of obesity among the sample. Overall, the finding that the summary variable for perceived racism was predictive of the odds of being obese (BMI> 30kg/m2) vs. non-obese (BMI