Download or read book Peacekeeping and Peace Enforcement Expanding Roles for the US Military written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year 1989 marked the end of the Cold War between the United States and the former Soviet Union. The "old" world order was replaced by disorder and chaos inflamed by religious, ethnic, and cultural differences. The result has been widespread genocide, mass starvation, civil war, and in some cases the breakup of national sovereignty. As a result, the U.S. Armed Forces have become increasingly involved in nontraditional military roles. Employment of U.S. military forces in nontraditional roles has set off heated debates within the military and civilian leadership. Centered within the debate is the impact to readiness on U.S. military forces and the fiscal constraints affecting domestic conditions. Finally, the American public is asking to what degree the United States should be involved in world affairs? The United States has produced the most capable Armed Forces in the world. They are essentially equipped and organized to conduct two nearly simultaneous major regional conflicts (MRCs). Their mission is to fight and win the nation's wars. However, when the military is tasked to conduct these nontraditional operations, its successes are often tarnished by mission creep, inadequate mission planning, and limited training. In 1991, General Powell stated that "Peacekeeping and humanitarian operations are a given." Nontraditional roles will challenge U.S. forces in the post Cold War era. This paper argues that U.S. Armed Forces should expand their involvement in UN peacekeeping and peace enforcement operations. It also examines the key differences between the two and their interlocking relationships and limitations. Finally, it will develop a framework that will drive U.S. strategy for involvement in these operations. These recommendations are critical to shaping U.S. military strategy and military force structure in a post-containment world.
Download or read book Peacekeeping Peacemaking and Peace enforcement written by Donald M. Snow and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The search for the appropriate uses of military force in the post-cold war international system has commenced. During the cold war, the use of force by the major powers was tied clearly to their political and ideological competition; deterrence of major conflicts between them served the most fundamental national interest, survival. Vital interests revolved around preventing the other side from gaining undue influences in important places such as the Persian Gulf. The post-cold war system is not so simple. The order and predictability of the cold war system have been replaced by the disorder, even chaos, of the new order, what one observer has called "the old world disorder in new configurations."1 East-West competition has evaporated and can no longer form the anchor that tethers policy and strategy together. As Leslie H. Gelb noted recently, the "old hawk-dove divide"2 no longer serves to inform where military action will and will not occur. No alternative structure has taken its place. We are left instead with vague entreaties that forces must serve the national interest, and apparently innocuous but potentially precedential and systemically upsetting notions of the "humanitarian use of force"3 and "humanitarian intervention,"4 to mention two recent designations. Lacking a framework of where and when to use force to provide guidance for "a more anarchical and competitive world order,"5 both the United States and the world at large are forced to consider situations on a case-by-case basis where the criteria for evaluation are often vague. On a piecemeal basis, the United States has mounted a post-Gulf War operation in Iraq (Operation PROVIDE COMFORT/SOUTHERN WATCH) and in Somalia (RESTORE HOPE), leading General Powell to conclude: "Peacekeeping and humanitarian operations are a given."6 What--if anything--should be done about ethno-religious fighting in Bosnia or Nagorno Karabakh? How much do we care about the Tamils in Sri Lanka? What patterns, if any, are emerging?
Download or read book The Use of Force in UN Peace Operations written by Trevor Findlay and published by Oxford University Press on Demand. This book was released on 2002 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the most vexing issues that has faced the international community since the end of the Cold War has been the use of force by the United Nations peacekeeping forces. UN intervention in civil wars, as in Somalia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Rwanda, has thrown into stark relief the difficulty of peacekeepers operating in situations where consent to their presence and activities is fragile or incomplete and where there is little peace to keep. Complex questions arise in these circumstances. When and how should peacekeepers use force to protect themselves, to protect their mission, or, most troublingly, to ensure compliance by recalcitrant parties with peace accords? Is a peace enforcement role for peacekeepers possible or is this simply war by another name? Is there a grey zone between peacekeeping and peace enforcement? Trevor Findlay reveals the history of the use of force by UN peacekeepers from Sinai in the 1950s to Haiti in the 1990s. He untangles the arguments about the use of force in peace operations and sets these within the broader context of military doctrine and practice. Drawing on these insights the author examines proposals for future conduct of UN operations, including the formulation of UN peacekeeping doctrine and the establishment of a UN rapid reaction force.
Download or read book Peacekeeping Peacemaking and Peace Enforcement the U S Role in the New International Order written by Donald M. Snow and published by . This book was released on 2012-12-09 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author of this study examines the bases of American military participation in the array of Third World activities falling under the general rubric of peacekeeping and peace-enforcement. The relevance of this inquiry was underscored by President Clinton in his Inaugural Address, when he added situations where "the will and conscience of the international community are defied" to traditional vital interests and as times when American military force might be employed. He begins by considering the major instances in the post-cold war world where so-called humanitarian interventions have occurred or may occur: the aftermath of the Persian Gulf War, Somalia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author then examines the effects of these actions on the principle of sovereignty. He next turns to the emerging roles of peacekeeping and peace-enforcement and the conceptual and practical differences between them, and concludes with some cautionary lessons for the Army.
Download or read book Why Peacekeeping Fails written by D. Jett and published by Springer. This book was released on 2000-03-01 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dennis C. Jett examines why peacekeeping operations fail by comparing the unsuccessful attempt at peacekeeping in Angola with the successful effort in Mozambique, alongside a wide range of other peacekeeping experiences. The book argues that while the causes of past peacekeeping failures can be identified, the chances for success will be difficult to improve because of the way such operations are initiated and conducted, and the way the United Nations operates as an organization. Jett reviews the history of peacekeeping and the evolution in the number, size, scope, and cost of peacekeeping missions. He also explains why peacekeeping has become more necessary, possible, and desired and yet, at the same time, more complex, more difficult, and less frequently used. The book takes a hard look at the UN's actions and provides useful information for understanding current conflicts.
Download or read book Peace Support Operations and the U S Military written by Dennis J. Quinn and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Peacekeeping in Europe written by Terry L. Tucker and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Role of United States Air Power in Peacekeeping written by Brooks L. Bash and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the aftermath of the cold war, the world is witnessing a dramatic increase in regional conflict and associated United Nations peacekeeping operations. Recognizing this trend and the fact that peacekeeping can serve US national security interests, US policymakers have earmarked military peacekeeping involvement, the employment of air power will be a natural consideration. Unfortunately, there is little practical or doctrinal guidance outlining the benefits and limitations of air power within the peacekeeping paradigm. To remedy this situation, this study first provides a general discussion of peacekeeping and constructs a comprehensive framework to categorize and analyze the role of air power in peacekeeping. Next, several recommendations are presented concerning command and control, doctrine, and organizational issues. In the end, this study concludes that the role of air power in peacekeeping is primarily auxiliary. Nevertheless, among the potential US contributions to UN peacekeeping, air power may be the best medium as it offers capabilities different from those currently available to UN forces. Moreover, the use of air power, as opposed to ground peacekeeping forces, will reduce the risk to American lives. Finally, the expanded use of air power in UN peacekeeping presents an opportunity to demonstrate US leadership and resolve while avoiding the perception of dominating the show.
Download or read book Peacekeeping Peacemaking and Peace enforcement written by Donald M. Snow and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1993 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author examines the bases of American military participation in the array of Third World activities falling under the general rubric of peacekeeping and peace-enforcement. The relevance of this inquiry was underscored by President Clinton in his Inaugural Address, when he added situations where "the will and conscience of the international community are defied" to traditional vital interests and as times when American military force might be employed. He considers the major instances in the post-cold war world where so-called humanitarian interventions have occurred or may occur: the aftermath of the Persian Gulf War, Somalia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The author then examines the effects of these actions on the principle of sovereignty. He next turns to the emerging roles of peacekeeping and peace-enforcement and the conceptual and practical differences between them, and concludes with some cautionary lessons for the Army.
Download or read book Unintended Consequences of Peacekeeping Operations written by Chiyuki Aoi and published by UNU. This book was released on 2007 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The deployment of a large number of soldiers, police officers and civilian personnel inevitably has various effects on the host society and economy, not all of which are in keeping with the peacekeeping mandate and intent or are easily discernible prior to the intervention. This book is one of the first attempts to improve our understanding of unintended consequences of peacekeeping operations, by bringing together field experiences and academic analysis. The aim of the book is not to discredit peace operations but rather to improve the way in which such operations are planned and managed.
Download or read book Peacekeeping in Africa written by Oliver Furley and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1998, Peacekeeping in Africa was written to help make up the shortfall in the number of books that concentrated specifically on peacekeeping in Africa. The book covers the main peacekeeping operations of Africa, and provides a wealth of background material. In doing so, it explores the policies and actions of the international organisations concerned and the participating African states. It also considers the impact of sub-regional powers and the role of the USA, Britain, and France. Comprising three parts, Peacekeeping in Africa examines world perspectives, case studies, and wider issues surrounding Africa’s peacekeeping operations.
Download or read book Challenges for the New Peacekeepers written by Trevor Findlay and published by SIPRI Research Reports. This book was released on 1996 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: SIPRI Research Reports is a series of reports on urgent arms control and security subjects. The reports are concise, timely, and authoritative sources of information. SIPRI researchers and commissioned experts present new findings as well as easily accessible collections of officialdocuments and data.
Download or read book Peacemaking Peacekeeping and Coalition Warfare written by Fariborz L. Mokhtari and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The UN at War written by John Karlsrud and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-11-26 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a critical political and institutional reflection on UN peace operations. It provides constructive suggestions as to how the UN and the international system can evolve to remain relevant and tackle the peace and security challenges of the 21st century, without abandoning the principles that the UN was founded upon and on which the legitimacy of UN peace operations rests. The author analyses the evolving politics on UN peace operations of the five veto powers of the UN Security Council, as well as major troop-contributing countries and western powers. He investigates the move towards peace enforcement and counter-terrorism, and what consequences this development may have for the UN. Karlsrud issues a challenge to practitioners and politicians to make sure that the calls for reform are anchored in a desire to improve the lives of people suffering in conflicts on the ground—and not spurred by intra-organizational turf battles or solely the narrow self-interests of member states. Finally, he asks how the UN can adapt its practices to become more field- and people-centered, in line with its core, primary commitments of protecting and serving people in need.
Download or read book Peacemaking Peacekeeping and Coalition Warfare written by Fariborz Levaye Mokhtari and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The United States Army in Somalia 1992 1994 written by Richard Winship Stewart and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Guiding Principles for Stabilization and Reconstruction written by United States Institute of Peace and published by US Institute of Peace Press. This book was released on 2009 with total page 244 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Claude Chabrol's second film follows the fortunes of two cousins: Charles, a hard-working student who has arrived in Paris from his small hometown; and Paul, the dedicated hedonist who puts him up. Despite their differences in temperament, the two young men strike up a close friendship, until an attractive woman comes between them.
