Download or read book Patterns of Migratory Connectivity in Two Nearctic neotropical Songbirds written by Marylène Boulet and published by American Ornithologists Union. This book was released on 2006 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Avian Migrant written by John H. Rappole and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2013-06-11 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of migration, regardless of the distance involved, is to exploit two or more environments suitable for survival or reproduction over time, usually on a seasonal basis. Yet individual organisms can practice the phenomenon differently, and birds deploy unique patterns of movement over particular segments of time. Incorporating the latest research on bird migration, this concise, critical assessment offers contemporary readers a firm grasp of what defines an avian migrant, how the organism came to be, what is known about its behavior, and how we can resolve its enduring mysteries. John H. Rappole's sophisticated survey of field data clarifies key ecological, biological, physiological, navigational, and evolutionary concerns. He begins with the very first migrants, who traded a home environment of greater stability for one of greater seasonality, and uses the structure of the annual cycle to examine the difference between migratory birds and their resident counterparts. He ultimately connects these differences to evolutionary milestones that have shaped a migrant lifestyle through natural selection. Rather than catalogue and describe various aspects of bird migration, Rappole considers how the avian migrant fits within a larger ecological frame, enabling a richer understanding of the phenomenon and its critical role in sustaining a hospitable and productive environment. Rappole concludes with a focus on population biology and conservation across time periods, considering the link between bird migration and the spread of disease among birds and humans, and the effects of global warming on migrant breeding ranges, reaction norms, and macroecology.
Download or read book Connectivity Conservation written by Kevin R. Crooks and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2006-11-02 with total page 675 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: One of the biggest threats to the survival of many plant and animal species is the destruction or fragmentation of their natural habitats. The conservation of landscape connections, where animals, plants, and ecological processes can move freely from one habitat to another, is therefore an essential part of any new conservation or environmental protection plan. In practice, however, maintaining, creating, and protecting connectivity in our increasingly dissected world is a daunting challenge. This fascinating volume provides a synthesis on the current status and literature of connectivity conservation research and implementation. It shows the challenges involved in applying existing knowledge to real-world examples and highlights areas in need of further study. Containing contributions from leading scientists and practitioners, this topical and thought-provoking volume will be essential reading for graduate students, researchers, and practitioners working in conservation biology and natural resource management.
Download or read book Birds of Two Worlds written by Russell Greenberg and published by JHU Press. This book was released on 2005-05-02 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For centuries biologists have tried to understand the underpinnings of avian migration: where birds go and why, why some migrate and some do not, how they adapt to a changing environment, and how migratory systems evolve. Twenty-five years ago the answers to many of these questions were addressed by a collection of migration experts in Keast and Morton's classic work Migrant Birds in the Neotropics. In 1992, Hagan and Johnston published a follow-up book, Ecology and Conservation of Neotropical Migrant Landbirds. In Birds of Two Worlds Russell Greenberg and Peter Marra bring together the world's experts on avian migration to discuss its ecology and evolution. The contributors move the discussion of migration to a global stage, looking at all avian migration systems and delving deeper into the evolutionary foundations of migratory behavior. Readers interested in the biology, behavior, ecology, and evolution of birds have waited a decade to see a worthy successor to the earlier classics. Birds of Two Worlds will complete the trilogy and become indispensable for ornithologists, evolutionary biologists, serious birders, and public and academic libraries.
Download or read book Habitat Selection and Migratory Connectivity of a Neotropical Migrant Songbird written by Sam Pulbrook Quinlan and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Addressing population declines in Neotropical migratory birds requires information on breeding demography and connectivity throughout the annual cycle. For species breeding in North American riparian habitats, anthropogenic changes to breeding habitat and indirect carry-over effects from the previous winter can both influence demographic rates. I examined whether a human-altered floodplain was an ecological trap by assessing habitat preferences and their reproductive consequences for yellow warblers (Dendroica petechia). I found that male settlement patterns were positively related to habitat cues that predicted breeding productivity, suggesting that extant riparian habitat was not attracting birds to poor quality sites. I then used stable hydrogen isotopes (D) to show that warblers moulted some feather blocks on breeding grounds and others during their tropical overwintering period. Assignment tests using D values in winter-grown feathers showed that most individuals originated from regions throughout Central America. However, interannual variation in isotope signatures limited further assignment accuracy.
Download or read book On the Origin of Species Through Heteropatric Differentiation written by Kevin Winker and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2010-11 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Differentiation and speciation without extended isolation appear to be common among migratory animals. Historical oversight of this is probably due to temporal distortion in distribution maps and a tendency to consider that lineages had different historical traits, such as being sedentary or much less mobile. Mobility among cyclic migrants makes population isolation difficult, and diminished levels of intraspecific differentiation occur in avian migrants (I term this "Montgomery's rule"). Nevertheless, many lineages have differentiated despite increased mobility and a high propensity for gene flow, conditions that speciation theory has not addressed adequately. Populations of seasonal migrants usually occur in allopatry and sympatry during a migratory cycle, and this distributional pattern (heteropatry) is the focus of a model empirically developed to explain differentiation in migratory lineages. Divergence arises through disruptive selection from resource competition and heterogeneously distributed cyclic resources. Heteropatric speciation is a type of ecological speciation in which reproductive isolation increases between populations as a byproduct of adaptation to different environments that enhances breeding allopatry and allochrony despite degrees of sympatry that occur during the nonbreeding period in migration cycles. Mating or pair bonding in nonbreeding areas is rare. Patterns such as leapfrog migration and limited morphological divergence suggest that differentiation is driven by these ecological factors rather than by sexual selection or nontemporal changes in the resource base itself, although the additional presence of either of the latter would have additive divergent effects. Migratory lineages provide a largely neglected series of natural experiments in speciation in which to test predictions stemming from this model and others focusing on ecological speciation --
Download or read book Migratory Patterns and Population Genetic Structure in a Declining Wetland dependent Songbird written by Matthew George DeSaix and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 49 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding migratory connectivity is essential for assessing the drivers behind population dynamics and for implementing effective management in migratory species. Genetic markers provide a means to describe migratory connectivity, as well as incorporate population genetic analyses, however genetic markers can be uninformative for species with weak genetic structure. In this study, we evaluate range-wide population genetic structure and migratory connectivity in the prothonotary warbler, Protonotaria citrea, a wetland-dependent neotropical migratory songbird, using high-resolution genetic markers. We reveal regional genetic structure between sampling sites in the Mississippi River Valley and the Atlantic Seaboard with overall weak genetic differentiation among populations (FST = 0.0051). By ranking loci by FST and using subsets of the most differentiated genetic markers (200 -- 3000), we identify a maximum assignment accuracy (89.7% to site, 94.3% to region) using 600 single nucleotide polymorphisms. We assign samples from unknown origin nonbreeding sites to a breeding region, illustrating weak migratory connectivity between prothonotary warbler breeding and nonbreeding grounds. Our results highlight the importance of using high-resolution markers in studies of migratory connectivity with species exhibiting weak genetic structure. Using similar techniques, studies may begin to describe population genetic structure that was previously undocumented, allowing us to infer the migratory patterns of an increasing number of species.
Download or read book Reproduction and Immune Homeostatis in a Long lived Seabird the Nazca Booby Sula Granti written by Victor Apanius and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2008 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Transition Between Phases of the Annual Cycle written by Kristen Marie Covino and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Appropriate timing of each life-history stage is crucial for seasonally migratory species. The temporal constraints faced by migratory songbirds require that they overlap preparation for breeding with spring migration. However, previous work has focused primarily on male birds and has produced inconsistent results regarding the degree of overlap between these two lifehistory stages. I study the degree to which migrating male and female songbirds prepare for breeding throughout spring migration as they move towards their breeding grounds. Overall, male migrants show a significant degree of breeding preparation during spring migration as determined by circulating testosterone levels and their ability to elevate testosterone. Female migrants, on the other hand, did not vary in their degree of breeding preparation throughout the migratory period. That said, in both male and female migrants, some degree of breeding preparation had occurred previous to their passage through my migratory study areas. It is possible that while male migrants continue to prepare for breeding throughout spring migration, female migrants delay the final stages of breeding preparation until they arrive on the breeding grounds. Since testosterone increases in some birds during the migratory periods and mediates a wide range of effects during the breeding season, I also investigated whether testosterone was related to migratory stopover biology. To do so I looked for correlates between testosterone and the following measures: likelihood of stopover, stopover duration, level of competition for resources, foraging movement rate, and prey attack rate. However, I was unable to detect any effects of testosterone on the measures of migratory stopover biology that I used in this study. It is possible that since levels are relatively low during migration, testosterone does not directly influence the expression of migratory traits. --Page ii.
Download or read book Thomas R Howell s Check list of the Birds of Nicaragua as of 1993 written by Thomas R. Howell and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2010-10-10 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Between December 1951 and April 1967, Thomas R. Howell made 13 separate research trips to Nicaragua. The result was a collection of over 2,000 bird skins and at least 16 publications that form the backbone of Nicaraguan ornithology. In the late 1970s, Howell began working on a manuscript that was intended to be his major contribution to the ornithology of the country. The first version of this "Check-list of the Birds of Nicaragua" was not ready until 1983, and many different typewritten versions circulated among a small but growing number of Nicaraguan biologists for the next two decades. Partly because of Howell's passion for detail and completeness, and finally because of his failing health in the late 1990s, the check-list was never published before his death in December 2004. This monograph remedies what had become a significant obstacle to further studies in the country by providing, in Howell's own words, a comprehensive background for subsequent explorations. It documents the 654 species (611 supported with specimen evidence) known to have occurred in Nicaragua as of 1993, the date of the last substantial revision of the manuscript, and also provides a rationale for anticipating another 44 species. The publication of this significant chapter in the history of Central American bird studies is offered both as a tribute to Tom Howell's enthusiasm and contributions and as a frame of reference and springboard for current and future ornithologists inspired to study the rich and still largely unexplored avifauna of Nicaragua--
Download or read book Cladistics and the Origin of Birds written by Frances C. James and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2010-07-14 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Migration Ecology of Birds written by Ian Newton and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-12-02 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Migration Ecology of Birds, Second Edition covers all aspects of this absorbing subject, including migratory processes, problems of navigation and vagrancy, timing and physiological control of migration, large-scale movement patterns, the effects of recent climate change, the problems that migrants face, and the factors that limit their populations. This book provides a thorough and in-depth review of the state of the science, with the text supplemented by abundant tables, maps and diagrams. Written by a world-renowned avian ecology and migration researcher, this book reveals the extraordinary adaptability of birds to the variable and changing conditions across the globe. This book represents the most updated and detailed review of bird migration, its evolution, ecology and bird physiology. Written in a clear and readable style, it will appeal not only to migration researchers in the field and ornithologists, but to anyone with an interest in this fascinating subject. Features updated and trending ecological aspects, including various types of bird movements, dispersal and nomadism, and how they relate to food supplies and other external conditions Contains numerous tables, maps, diagrams, a glossary, and a bibliography of more than 3,000 up-to-date references Written by an active researcher with a distinguished career in avian ecology, including migration research
Download or read book Seasonal Interactions Between Migration and Winter in a Migratory Songbird the Magnolia Warbler Dendroica Magnolia written by Aaron Ted Boone and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Populations of many species of Nearctic-Neotropical migratory songbirds have been declining over the past several decades. Investigations of these declines have historically been focused on events occurring in temperate breeding grounds and tropical wintering grounds. Recent research on Nearctic-Neotropical migratory songbirds has emphasized the importance of events occurring during migration and interactions among breeding, wintering, and migratory phases of the annual life cycle. Stable isotope analysis has been in instrumental in revealing seasonal interactions and migratory connectivity in migratory songbirds, but little research has addressed interactions between events occurring in tropical wintering and migratory stopover areas. From May to early June in 2004 and 2005, I investigated seasonal interactions within the annual cycle of Magnolia Warbiers (Dendro lea magnolia) captured during migratory stopover in northwestern Ohio (Ottawa and Lucas counties). Birds were captured using mist nets placed in dogwood shrubland, mature deciduous forest, and beach-ridge forest habitat. A total of 615 Magnolia Warbiers were captured, banded, measured, weighed, aged and sexed. In 2005, approximately 200 individuals were sexed used molecular techniques, and the extent of pre-alternate molt (plumage-status) was assessed by counting the number of freshly replaced wing coverts and quantifying the amount of dark breast streaking with digital photo analysis. Feathers grown in prealternate molt in wintering areas were collected from 555 individuals and used for stable- carbon isotope analysis. Stable-carbon isotope ratios ([delta]13) of feathers ranged between -25.4% and - 1 9.9% for both years, and this range corresponds to [delta]13C values reported other species of wood-warblers that wintered in mesic tropical forest (generally considered high quality) and more xeric s,crub. I tested for relationships between winter-specific habitat use (i.e.,[delta]13C values) and capture date, energetic condition (size-adjusted body mass), and plumage-status of transient Magnolia Warblers. I predicted that warbiers that had wintered in more xeric habitats (enriched [delta]13C values) would migrate later, be in lower energetic condition, and have lower plumage status (i.e., completed less molt in tropical wintering areas). Overall, results suggested that migration timing, energetic condition, and extent of pre-alternate molt completed by Magnolia Warblers were not influenced by wintering in either mesic or more xeric tropical habitats. I believe that Magnolia Warblers that wintered in more xeric locations may not have been negatively impacted or were able to regain mass during migration. Little published information exists on the wintering ecology of Magnolia Warblers. Additional information is needed to understand how winter habitat associations impact survival, energetic condition, migratory timing, and feather molt. Establishing the quality of various tropical habitats used by NearcticNeotropical migrants is important for the effective conservation of these species. A better understanding of the interactions among phases in the annual cycle of NearcticNeotropical migratory songbirds will be useful for developing comprehensive conservation planning that spans geographic and political boundaries.
Download or read book Tracking Animal Migration with Stable Isotopes written by Keith A. Hobson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-09-13 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tracking Animal Migration with Stable Isotopes, Second Edition, provides a complete introduction to new and powerful isotopic tools and applications that track animal migration, reviewing where isotope tracers fit in the modern toolbox of tracking methods. The book provides background information on a broad range of migration scenarios in terrestrial and aquatic systems and summarizes the most cutting-edge developments in the field that are revolutionizing the way migrant individuals and populations are assigned to their true origins. It allows undergraduates, graduate students and non-specialist scientists to adopt and apply isotopes to migration research, and also serves as a useful reference for scientists. The new edition thoroughly updates the information available to the reader on current applications of this technique and provides new tools for the isotopic assignment of individuals to origins, including geostatistical multi-isotope approaches and the ways in which researchers can combine isotopes with routine data in a Bayesian framework to provide best estimates of animal origins. Four new chapters include contributions on applications to the movements of terrestrial mammals, with particular emphasis on how aspects of animal physiology can influence stable isotope values. Includes an animal physiology component that is an in-depth overview of the cautions and caveats related to this technique Covers marine and aquatic isoscapes and methods to track marine organisms for researchers trying to apply isotopic tracking to animals in these environments Features state-of-the-art statistical treatments for assignment and combining diverse datasets
Download or read book Perspectives in Ornithology written by Alan H. Brush and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1983-08-31 with total page 598 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collects together a series of essays and commentaries by leading authorities about active areas of research on the biology of birds.
Download or read book General Technical Report PSW written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Patterns of Life written by Howard Mielke and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 615 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Insight into universal nature provides an intellectual life? Why are so many plants and animals, especially delight and sense of freedom that no blows of fate and freshwater species, at risk of extinction? These are a few no evil can destroy. of the questions that have intrigued observers of nature Alexander von Humboldt, 1805 and the Earth. By studying the Earth's patterns of life, students of biogeography ultimately ponder some of the ... on that small spot, that little blue and white thing, most basic questions about life and the cosmos. is everything that means anything to you - all of history and music and poetry and art and death and birth and love, tears, joy, games, all of it on that little Historical roots of biogeography spot out there that you can cover with your thumb. The topic of biogeography has its roots in the work of And you realize from that perspective that you've Alexander von Humboldt, the recognized father of plant changed, that there's something new there, that the geography (Detwyler 1969, Browne 1983). From its relationship is no longer what it was.
