Download or read book Patterns of Metropolitan Policing written by Elinor Ostrom and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 394 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: data display form -is explained. Direct police services, those which are supplied directly to citizens by police agencies, are discussed in terms of the type of agency which produces them. General area patrol is conducted mainly by municipal and county agencies, and it occupies the largest number of personnel. Traffic control is performed by local agencies as well as state police and highway patrol depending on jurisdiction over the particular street or road. Most local police agencies assign traffic duties to the general patrol officers. While very few small agencies investigate cases of homicide, which are usually covered by the county agencies, minor criminal investigations are handled by local agencies. Auxiliary services (radio communication, adult pretrial detention, entry-level training, and crime laboratory analysis) are not produced by all departments, but are shared between various agencies.
Download or read book Styles of Urban Policing written by Jeffrey Slovak and published by NYU Press. This book was released on 1988-09 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using data from 42 sizable American cities on their environments and police organizational structures, the book documents the importance of organizational structure on police action by predicting arrest rates for 2 types of serious criminal offenses. It applies this research perspective to neighborhoods in analyses of policing styles in three cities: Elyria, Ohio; Columbia, S.C.; and Newark, N.J. The study examines the kinds of data on police action available from a police dispatch log, as well as particular information recording processes used in the three sites. Two key indicators of police style are the rate of police aggressiveness and the degree to which local police work is legalistic, watchmanlike, or service-oriented. These measures are used to analyze variations in policing styles across both neighborhoods and cities, providing support to the theory that organization rather than environment determines local policing styles. This view receives additional support from indepth analyses of social, demographic, and economic characteristics of the three sites. Tables, references, and index.
Download or read book Patterns of Policing written by David H. Bayley and published by Rutgers University Press. This book was released on 1990 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This study represents the culmination of almost twenty years of personal research on national police institutions. The most concentrated effort was devoted to India, Japan, and the United States, the results of which are available in other publications"--Preface
Download or read book Studies in Crime and Law Enforcement in Major Metropolitan Areas Patterns of behavior in police and citizen transactions by D J Black and A J Reiss Jr Career orientations job satisfaction and the assessment of law enforcement problems by police officers written by Albert J. Reiss and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: V. 1. Section I. This report looks at the current systems of crime reporting contain some misconceptions about simple rates such as a crude crime rate. Proposals made for more specific measures of crime, on the need to identify the exposed population for which crime rates are calculated, the desirability of obtaining specific rates for both victims and offenders, and the need for developing statistical programs that provide information for the calculation of such rates are discussed. Statistics are given by way of illustration. --
Download or read book Metropolitan Organization written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Policing Metropolitan America written by Elinor Ostrom and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on study of police services in 80 metropolitan areas.
Download or read book Policing European Metropolises written by Elke Devroe and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2017-02-03 with total page 342 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the politics of security in city-regions is increasingly important for the study of contemporary policing. This book argues that national and international governing arrangements are being outflanked by various transnational threats, including the cross-border terrorism of the attacks on Paris in 2015 and Brussels in 2016; trafficking in people, narcotics and armaments; cybercrime; the deregulation of global financial services; and environmental crime. Metropolises are the focal points of the transnational networks through which policing problems are exported and imported across national borders, as they provide much of the demand for illicit markets and are the principal engines generating other policing challenges including political protest and civil unrest. This edited collection examines whether and how governing arrangements rooted in older systems of national sovereignty are adapting to these transnational challenges, and considers problems of and for policing in city-regions in the European Union and its single market. Bringing together experts from across the continent, Policing European Metropolises develops a sociology of urban policing in Europe and a unique methodology for comparing the experiences of different metropolises in the same country. This book will be of value to police researchers in Europe and abroad, as well as postgraduate students with an interest in policing and urban policy.
Download or read book Policing America written by Willard M. Oliver and published by Aspen Publishing. This book was released on 2020-02-02 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With an engaging and balanced approach, former police officer and policing scholar Willard M. Oliver encourages students to think critically about the role of the police and the practice of policing in American society today. Policing in America builds a basic understanding of contemporary police practices upon a foundation of essential theory and research. In a readable style, the author offers a contextual understanding of concepts in policing, supported by the academic research and balanced with the voice of the American police officer. New to the Second Edition: Updated with new statistics and research Carefully streamlined and edited to ensure teachability and accuracy New, more realistic photos, added Current policing journal articles findings included and cited Professors and students will benefit from: Succinct yet thorough treatment of all policing topics, with a balanced approach that emphasizes contemporary policing. Discussion of best policing practices and research Real-world issues highlighted in text boxes Hypotheticals that exemplify theory in practice in every chapter A design for learning that includes charts, graphics, and summaries of key points Encourages students to think critically about the role of policing in today’s society.
Download or read book A Commission Report written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Crime and Policing in Rural and Small Town America written by Ralph A. Weisheit and published by Waveland Press. This book was released on 2005-09-21 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While most researchers see the urban setting as being the only laboratory for studying crime problems throughout the United States, Crime and Policing in Rural and Small-Town America directly challenges this notion with an authoritative look at crime and the criminal justice system in rural America today. The assumption that rural crime is rare and comparable across various communities has led to incompatible theories and irrelevant practices. In order to transform this misconstruction, the Third Edition offers a clear outline of the definition of rural and provides a vital argument for why rural and small-town crime should be studied more than it is. The book also explores the individual nature of issues that emerge in these communities, including illegal drug production, domestic violence, agricultural crimes, rural poverty, and gangs, in addition to the training needs of rural police, probation in rural areas, and rural jails and prisons. Responding to rural crime requires an awareness of its context and how justice is carried out, as well as an appreciation of how features vary across rural areas. Understanding the relationships among crime, geography, and culture in the rural setting can reveal useful ideas and implications for crime and justice in communities across the United States.
Download or read book Public Governance and the Classical Liberal Perspective written by Paul Dragos Aligica and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-01 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Classical liberalism entails not only a theory about the scope of government and its relationship with the market but also a distinct view about how government should operate within its proper domain of public choices in non-market settings. Building on the political economy principles underpinning the works of diverse authors such as Friedrich Hayek, James Buchanan and Vincent and Elinor Ostrom, this book challenges the technocratic-epistocratic perspective in which social goals are defined by an aggregated social function and experts simply provide the means to attain them. The authors argue that individualism, freedom of choice, and freedom of association have deep implications on how we design, manage and assess our public governance arrangements. The book examines the knowledge and incentive problems associated with bureaucratic public administration while contrasting it with democratic governance. Aligica, Boettke, and Tarko argue that the focus should be on the diversity of opinions in any society regarding "what should be done" and on the design of democratic and polycentric institutions capable of limiting social conflicts and satisfying the preferences of as many people as possible. They thus fill a large gap in the literature, the public discourse, and the ways decision makers understand the nature and administration of the public sector.
Download or read book Criminal Justice 2000 Measurement and analysis of crime and justice written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Introduction to Criminal Justice written by Lawrence F. Travis III and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-07-30 with total page 576 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This student-friendly introductory text describes the criminal justice process—outlining the decisions, practices, people, and issues involved. It provides a solid introduction to the mechanisms of the criminal justice system, with balanced coverage of the issues presented by each facet of the process, including a thorough review of practices and controversies in law enforcement, the criminal courts, and corrections. Systems approach to the criminal justice process provides students with an excellent foundation in the discipline Each chapter is enhanced by important terms, boxes, photos, and review questions An easy-to-access glossary offers a complete collection of essential terms in criminal justice
Download or read book Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-04-06 with total page 431 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Because police are the most visible face of government power for most citizens, they are expected to deal effectively with crime and disorder and to be impartial. Producing justice through the fair, and restrained use of their authority. The standards by which the public judges police success have become more exacting and challenging. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing explores police work in the new century. It replaces myths with research findings and provides recommendations for updated policy and practices to guide it. The book provides answers to the most basic questions: What do police do? It reviews how police work is organized, explores the expanding responsibilities of police, examines the increasing diversity among police employees, and discusses the complex interactions between officers and citizens. It also addresses such topics as community policing, use of force, racial profiling, and evaluates the success of common police techniques, such as focusing on crime "hot spots." It goes on to look at the issue of legitimacyâ€"how the public gets information about police work, and how police are viewed by different groups, and how police can gain community trust. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing will be important to anyone concerned about police work: policy makers, administrators, educators, police supervisors and officers, journalists, and interested citizens.
Download or read book Metropolitan Crime Patterns written by Robert M. Figlio and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 232 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is one the first books to examine crime trends from a metropolitan-wide perspective. Topics include: the "hardening" of the inner city; crime in suburbia; mobility patterns of offenders; the effect of neighbourhood characteristics on crime; variations in police expenditures, and others.
Download or read book Policing Metropolitan America written by Elinor Ostrom and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on study of police services in 80 metropolitan areas.
Download or read book Unarmed and Dangerous written by Jon Shane and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-07-17 with total page 91 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is tremendous controversy across the United States (and beyond) when a police officer uses deadly force against an unarmed citizen, but often the conversation is devoid of contextual details. These details matter greatly as a matter of law and organizational legitimacy. In this short book, authors Jon Shane and Zoë Swenson offer a comprehensive analysis of the first study to use publicly available data to reveal the context in which an officer used deadly force against an unarmed citizen. Although any police shooting, even a justified shooting, is not a desired outcome—often termed "lawful but awful" in policing circles—it is not necessarily a crime. The results of this study lend support to the notion that being unarmed does not mean "not dangerous," in some ways explaining why most police officers are not indicted when such a shooting occurs. The study’s findings show that when police officers used deadly force during an encounter with an unarmed citizen, the officer or a third person was facing imminent threat of death or serious injury in the vast majority of situations. Moreover, when police officers used force, their actions were almost always consistent with the accepted legal and policy principles that govern law enforcement in the overwhelming proportion of encounters (as measured by indictments). Noting the dearth of official data on the context of police shooting fatalities, Shane and Swenson call for the U.S. government to compile comprehensive data so researchers and practitioners can learn from deadly force encounters and improve practices. They further recommend that future research on police shootings should examine the patterns and micro-interactions between the officer, citizen, and environment in relation to the prevailing law. The unique data and analysis in this book will inform discussions of police use of force for researchers, policymakers, and students involved in criminal justice, public policy, and policing.
