Download or read book Patterns and Processes in the History of Life written by D.M. Raup and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-12-06 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypothesis testing is not a straightforward matter in the fossil record and here, too interactions with biology can be extremely profitable. Quite simply, predictions regarding long-term consequences of processes observed in liv ing organisms can be tested directly using paleontological data if those liv ing organisms have an adequate fossil record, thus avoiding the pitfalls of extrapolative approaches. We hope to see a burgeoning of this interactive effort in the coming years. Framing and testing of hypotheses in paleon tological subjects inevitably raises the problem of inferring process from pattern, and the consideration and elimination of a broad range of rival hy is an essential procedure here. In a historical science such as potheses paleontology, the problem often arises that the events that are of most in terest are unique in the history of life. For example, replication of the metazoan radiation at the beginning of the Cambrian is not feasible. How ever, decomposition of such problems into component hypotheses may at least in part alleviate this difficulty. For example, hypotheses built upon the role of species packing might be tested by comparing evolutionary dy namics (both morphological and taxonomic) during another global diversi fication, such as the biotic rebound from the end-Permian extinction, which removed perhaps 95% of the marine species (see Valentine, this volume). The subject of extinction, and mass extinction in particular, has become important in both paleobiology and biology.
Download or read book Pattern and Process in a Forested Ecosystem written by F.Herbert Bormann and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The advent of ecosystem ecology has created great difficulties for ecologists primarily trained as biologists, since inevitably as the field grew, it absorbed components of other disciplines relatively foreign to most ecologists yet vital to the understanding of the structure and function of ecosystems. From the point of view of the biological ecologist struggling to understand the enormous complexity of the biological functions within an ecosystem, the added necessity of integrating biology with geochemis try, hydrology, micrometeorology, geomorphology, pedology, and applied sciences (like silviculture and land use management) often has appeared as an impossible requirement. Ecologists have frequently responded by limiting their perspective to biology with the result that the modeling of species interactions is sometimes considered as modeling ecosystems, or modeling the living fraction of the ecosystems is considered as modeling whole ecosystems. Such of course is not the case, since understanding the structure and function of ecosystems requires sound understanding of inanimate as well as animate processes and often neither can be under stood without the other. About 15 years ago, a view of ecology somewhat different from most then prevailing, coupled with a strong dose of naivete and a sense of exploration, lead us to believe that consideration of the inanimate side of ecosystem function rather than being just one more annoying complexity might provide exceptional advantages in the study of ecosystems. To examine this possibility, we took two steps which occurred more or less simultaneously.
Download or read book Ejb Design Patterns written by Marinescu and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2005-07-19 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Patterns and Processes in the History of Life written by D.M. Raup and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypothesis testing is not a straightforward matter in the fossil record and here, too interactions with biology can be extremely profitable. Quite simply, predictions regarding long-term consequences of processes observed in liv ing organisms can be tested directly using paleontological data if those liv ing organisms have an adequate fossil record, thus avoiding the pitfalls of extrapolative approaches. We hope to see a burgeoning of this interactive effort in the coming years. Framing and testing of hypotheses in paleon tological subjects inevitably raises the problem of inferring process from pattern, and the consideration and elimination of a broad range of rival hy is an essential procedure here. In a historical science such as potheses paleontology, the problem often arises that the events that are of most in terest are unique in the history of life. For example, replication of the metazoan radiation at the beginning of the Cambrian is not feasible. How ever, decomposition of such problems into component hypotheses may at least in part alleviate this difficulty. For example, hypotheses built upon the role of species packing might be tested by comparing evolutionary dy namics (both morphological and taxonomic) during another global diversi fication, such as the biotic rebound from the end-Permian extinction, which removed perhaps 95% of the marine species (see Valentine, this volume). The subject of extinction, and mass extinction in particular, has become important in both paleobiology and biology.
Download or read book Anthropology Culture Patterns Processes written by Alfred Louis Kroeber and published by Harvest Books. This book was released on 1963 with total page 294 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A selection of those chapters of ... [the author's Anthropology [rev. ed., 1948] that deal specifically with matters of culture patterns and processes.
Download or read book Women s Faith Development written by Nicola Slee and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2021-11-18 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Presenting a rich account of women's faith lives and, mapping women's meanings in their own right, this book offers an alternative to dominant accounts of faith development which failed to account for women's experience. Drawing on Fowler's faith development theory, feminist models of women's faith and social science methodology, the text explores the patterns and processes of women's faith development and spirituality in a group of thirty women belonging to, or on the edges of, Christian tradition. Integrating practical theological concern with Christian education and pastoral practice, this book will be of interest to all concerned with women's faith development, spirituality, education and formation, and those working in the fields of practical theology, pastoral care, adult theological education, spiritual direction and counselling.
Download or read book Process Patterns written by Scott W. Ambler and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1998-10-28 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by one of the best known object-oriented practitioners in the business, Process Patterns is based on proven, real-world techniques. Scott Ambler shows readers how to successfully deliver large-scale applications using object technology and carefully describes how one develops applications that are truly easy to maintain and to enhance. He shows how such projects can be supported and points out what is necessary to ensure that one's development efforts are of the best quality. His object-oriented software process (OOSP) is geared toward medium to large-size organizations that need to internally develop software to support their main line of business. Developers and project managers who have just taken their first OO development course will find this book essential. It describes the only OOSP to take the true needs of development into consideration, including cross-project, maintenance, operations, and support issues. This book uses the Unified Modeling Language (UML).
Download or read book Neotropical Diversification Patterns and Processes written by Valentí Rull and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-30 with total page 816 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the patterns of biodiversity in various neotropical ecosystems, as well as a discussion on their historical biogeographies and underlying diversification processes. All chapters were written by prominent researchers in the fields of tropical biology, molecular ecology, climatology, paleoecology, and geography, producing an outstanding collection of essays, synthetic analyses, and novel investigations that describe and improve our understanding of the biodiversity of this unique region. With chapters on the Amazon and Caribbean forests, the Atlantic rainforests, the Andes, the Cerrado savannahs, the Caatinga drylands, the Chaco, and Mesoamerica – along with broad taxonomic coverage – this book summarizes a wide range of hypotheses, views, and methods concerning the processes and mechanisms of neotropical diversification. The range of perspectives presented makes the book a truly comprehensive, state-of-the-art publication on the topic, which will fascinate both scientists and general readers alike.
Download or read book NET Patterns written by Christian Thilmany and published by Addison-Wesley Professional. This book was released on 2004 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: bull; bull;Extends the proven concept of design patterns to the relatively new field of .NET design and development bull;Part of the acclaimed Addison-Wesley Software Patterns Series, with John Vlissides as series editor bull;Includes helpful primers on XML and web services as well as thorough coverage of debugging, exceptions, error handling, and architecture
Download or read book Dynamic Patterns in Communication Processes written by James H. Watt and published by SAGE Publications, Incorporated. This book was released on 1996-05-13 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While there is general acknowledgement that communication is a process rather than a condition, there has been little systematic examination of dynamic processes within communication studies. This volume examines these processes within the communications field as a whole, from interpersonal to mass communication, and thereby brings to light many largely unexplored connections. The first part focuses on the methodological and theoretical significance of communication events or states which vary regularly, or in some distinct pattern, over time. The second section is a compilation of current theories and research based on the ideas of cyclic and dynamic patterns which occur in diverse communication settings.
Download or read book Towns Ecology and the Land written by Richard T. T. Forman and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-02-07 with total page 637 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A pioneering book highlighting the dynamic environmental dimensions of towns and villages and spatial connections with surrounding land.
Download or read book Patterns and Processes of Vertebrate Evolution written by Robert Lynn Carroll and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 1997-04-28 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The factors that influenced the evolution of the vertebrates are compared with the importance of variation and selection that Darwin emphasised in this broad study of the patterns and forces of evolutionary change.
Download or read book Workflow Patterns written by Nick Russell and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2016-02-12 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive guide to well-known workflow patterns: recurrent, generic business process constructs, described from the control-flow, data, and resource perspectives. The study of business processes has emerged as a highly effective approach to coordinating an organization's complex service- and knowledge-based activities. The growing field of business process management (BPM) focuses on methods and tools for designing, enacting, and analyzing business processes. This volume offers a definitive guide to the use of patterns, which synthesize the wide range of approaches to modeling business processes. It provides a unique and comprehensive introduction to the well-known workflow patterns collection—recurrent, generic constructs describing common business process modeling and execution scenarios, presented in the form of problem-solution dialectics. The underlying principles of the patterns approach ensure that they are independent of any specific enabling technology, representational formalism, or modeling approach, and thus broadly applicable across the business process modeling and business process technology domains. The authors, drawing on extensive research done by the Workflow Patterns Initiative, offer a detailed introduction to the fundamentals of business process modeling and management; describe three major pattern catalogs, presented from control-flow, data, and resource perspectives; and survey related BPM patterns. The book, a companion to the authoritative Workflow Patterns website, will be an essential resource for both academics and practitioners working in business process modeling and business process management.
Download or read book Patterns and Processes in Forest Landscapes written by Raffaele Lafortezza and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2008-08-30 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Increasing evidence suggests that the composition and spatial configuration – the pattern – of forest landscapes affect many ecological processes, including the movement and persistence of particular species, the susceptibility and spread of disturbances such as fires or pest outbreaks, and the redistribution of matter and nutrients. Understanding these issues is key to the successful management of complex, multifunctional forest landscapes, and landscape ecology, based on a foundation of island bio-geography and meta-population dynamic theories, provides the rationale to deal with this pattern-to-process interaction at different spatial and temporal scales. This carefully edited volume represents a stimulating addition to the international literature on landscape ecology and resource management. It provides key insights into some of the applicable landscape ecological theories that underlie forest management, with a specific focus on how forest management can benefit from landscape ecology, and how landscape ecology can be advanced by tackling challenging problems in forest (landscape) management. It also presents a series of case studies from Europe, Asia, North America, Africa and Australia exploring the issues of disturbance, diversity, management, and scale, and with a specific focus on how human intervention affects forest landscapes and, in turn, how landscapes influence humans and their culture. An important reference for advanced students and researchers in landscape ecology, conservation biology, forest ecology, natural resource management and ecology across multiple scales, the book will also appeal to researchers and practitioners in reserve design, ecological restoration, forest management, landscape planning and landscape architecture.
Download or read book Social Inequality written by Martin Marger and published by McGraw-Hill Humanities, Social Sciences & World Languages. This book was released on 1999 with total page 436 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A textbook for an interdisciplinary undergraduate course that addresses what Marger (sociology, Michigan State U.) sees as a major deficiency that others either analyze only one form of social equality or analytically conflate them making it difficult to distinguish them. She engages class, racial a
Download or read book Statistical Analysis and Modelling of Spatial Point Patterns written by Dr. Janine Illian and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-04-15 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Spatial point processes are mathematical models used to describe and analyse the geometrical structure of patterns formed by objects that are irregularly or randomly distributed in one-, two- or three-dimensional space. Examples include locations of trees in a forest, blood particles on a glass plate, galaxies in the universe, and particle centres in samples of material. Numerous aspects of the nature of a specific spatial point pattern may be described using the appropriate statistical methods. Statistical Analysis and Modelling of Spatial Point Patterns provides a practical guide to the use of these specialised methods. The application-oriented approach helps demonstrate the benefits of this increasingly popular branch of statistics to a broad audience. The book: Provides an introduction to spatial point patterns for researchers across numerous areas of application Adopts an extremely accessible style, allowing the non-statistician complete understanding Describes the process of extracting knowledge from the data, emphasising the marked point process Demonstrates the analysis of complex datasets, using applied examples from areas including biology, forestry, and materials science Features a supplementary website containing example datasets. Statistical Analysis and Modelling of Spatial Point Patterns is ideally suited for researchers in the many areas of application, including environmental statistics, ecology, physics, materials science, geostatistics, and biology. It is also suitable for students of statistics, mathematics, computer science, biology and geoinformatics.
Download or read book India Cultural Patterns And Processes written by Allen G. Noble and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-03-01 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this comprehensive analysis of India's cultural patterns and processes, the authors address both the diversity and the unity of India's culture, emphasizing the spatial distribution of cultural forms.
