Download or read book Patient Safety Cultural Perspectives written by Marita Danielsson and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-26 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Shared values, norms and beliefs of relevance for safety in health care can be described in terms of patient safety culture. This concept overlaps with patient safety climate, but culture represents the deeprooted values, norms and beliefs, whereas climate refers to attitudes and more superficial manifestations of culture. There may be numerous subcultures within an organization, including different professional cultures. In recent years, increased attention has been paid to patient safety culture in Sweden, and the patient safety culture/climate in health care is regularly measured based on the assumption that patient safety culture/climate can influence various patient safety outcomes. Aim: The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute to an improved understanding of patient safety culture and subcultures in Swedish health care. Design and methods: The thesis is based on four studies applying different methods. Study 1 was a survey that included 23,781 respondents. Data were analysed with quantitative methods, with primarily descriptive results. Studies 2 and 3 were qualitative studies, involving interviews with a total of 28 registered nurses, 24 nurse assistants and 28 physicians. Interview data were analysed using content analysis. Study 4 evaluated an intervention intended to influence patient safety culture and included data from a questionnaire with both fixed and open-ended questions, which was answered by 200 respondents. Results: A key result from Study 1 was that professional groups differed in terms of their views and statements about patient safety culture/ climate. Registered nurses and nurse assistants in Study 2 were found to have partially overlapping norms, values and beliefs concerning patient safety, which were identified at individual, interpersonal and organizational level. Study 3 found four categories of values and norms among physicians of potential relevance for patient safety. Predominantly positive perceptions were found in Study 4 concerning the Walk Rounds intervention among frontline staff members, local managers and top-level managers who participated in the intervention. However, there were also reflections on disadvantages and some suggestions for improvement. Conclusions: According to the results of the patient safety culture/ climate questionnaire, perceptions about safety culture/climate dimensions contribute more to the rating of overall patient safety than background characteristics (e.g. profession and years of experience). There are differences in the patient safety culture between registered nurses and nurse assistants, which imply that efforts for improved patient safety must be tailored to their respective values, norms and beliefs. Several aspects of physicians’ professional culture may have relevance for patient safety. Expectations of being infallible reduce their willingness to talk about errors they make, thus limiting opportunities for learning from errors. Walk Rounds are perceived to contribute to increased learning concerning patient safety and could potentially have a positive influence on patient safety culture.

Download or read book Patient Safety Culture written by Dr Patrick Waterson and published by Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.. This book was released on 2014-10-28 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patient Safety Culture: Theory, Methods and Application is essential reading for all of the professional groups involved in patient safety and healthcare quality improvement, filling an important gap in the current market. The main purpose of this book is to provide researchers, healthcare managers and human factors practitioners with details of the latest developments within the theory and application of PSC within healthcare. It brings together contributions from the most prominent researchers and practitioners in the field of PSC and covers the background to work on safety culture, the dominant theories and concepts within PSC, examples of PSC tools, methods of assessment and their application, and details of the most prominent challenges for the future in the area.

Download or read book Patient Safety written by Marita Danielsson and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: Shared values, norms and beliefs of relevance for safety in health care can be described in terms of patient safety culture. This concept overlaps with patient safety climate, but culture represents the deeprooted values, norms and beliefs, whereas climate refers to attitudes and more superficial manifestations of culture. There may be numerous subcultures within an organization, including different professional cultures. In recent years, increased attention has been paid to patient safety culture in Sweden, and the patient safety culture/climate in health care is regularly measured based on the assumption that patient safety culture/climate can influence various patient safety outcomes. Aim: The overall aim of the thesis is to contribute to an improved understanding of patient safety culture and subcultures in Swedish health care. Design and methods: The thesis is based on four studies applying different methods. Study 1 was a survey that included 23,781 respondents. Data were analysed with quantitative methods, with primarily descriptive results. Studies 2 and 3 were qualitative studies, involving interviews with a total of 28 registered nurses, 24 nurse assistants and 28 physicians. Interview data were analysed using content analysis. Study 4 evaluated an intervention intended to influence patient safety culture and included data from a questionnaire with both fixed and open-ended questions, which was answered by 200 respondents. Results : A key result from Study 1 was that professional groups differed in terms of their views and statements about patient safety culture/ climate. Registered nurses and nurse assistants in Study 2 were found to have partially overlapping norms, values and beliefs concerning patient safety, which were identified at individual, interpersonal and organizational level. Study 3 found four categories of values and norms among physicians of potential relevance for patient safety. Predominantly positive perceptions were found in Study 4 concerning the Walk Rounds intervention among frontline staff members, local managers and top-level managers who participated in the intervention. However, there were also reflections on disadvantages and some suggestions for improvement. Conclusions: According to the results of the patient safety culture/ climate questionnaire, perceptions about safety culture/climate dimensions contribute more to the rating of overall patient safety than background characteristics (e.g. profession and years of experience). There are differences in the patient safety culture between registered nurses and nurse assistants, which imply that efforts for improved patient safety must be tailored to their respective values, norms and beliefs. Several aspects of physicians’ professional culture may have relevance for patient safety. Expectations of being infallible reduce their willingness to talk about errors they make, thus limiting opportunities for learning from errors. Walk Rounds are perceived to contribute to increased learning concerning patient safety and could potentially have a positive influence on patient safety culture.

Download or read book Improving Healthcare Quality in Europe Characteristics Effectiveness and Implementation of Different Strategies written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2019-10-17 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume, developed by the Observatory together with OECD, provides an overall conceptual framework for understanding and applying strategies aimed at improving quality of care. Crucially, it summarizes available evidence on different quality strategies and provides recommendations for their implementation. This book is intended to help policy-makers to understand concepts of quality and to support them to evaluate single strategies and combinations of strategies.

Download or read book A Socio cultural Perspective on Patient Safety written by Justin Waring and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-11-01 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited volume of original chapters brings together researchers from around the world who are exploring the facets of health care organization and delivery that are sometimes marginal to mainstream patient safety theories and methodologies but offer important insights into the socio-cultural and organizational context of patient safety. By examining these critical insights or perspectives and drawing upon theories and methodologies often neglected by mainstream safety researchers, this collection shows we can learn more about not only the barriers and drivers to implementing patient safety programmes, but also about the more fundamental issues that shape notions of safety, alternate strategies for enhancing safety, and the wider implications of the safety agenda on the future of health care delivery. In so doing, A Socio-cultural Perspective on Patient Safety challenges the taken-for-granted assumptions around fundamental philosophical and political issues upon which mainstream orthodoxy relies. The book draws upon a range of theoretical and empirical approaches from across the social sciences to investigate and question the patient safety movement. Each chapter takes as its focus and question a particular aspect of the patient safety reforms, from its policy context and theoretical foundations to its practical application and manifestation in clinical practice, whilst also considering the wider implications for the organization and delivery of health care services. Accordingly, the chapters each draw upon a distinct theoretical or methodological approach to critically explore specific dimensions of the patient safety agenda. Taken as a whole, the collection advances a strong, coherent argument that is much needed to counter some of the uncritical assumptions that need to be described and analyzed if patient safety is indeed to be achieved.

Download or read book Keeping Patients Safe written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-03-27 with total page 485 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Building on the revolutionary Institute of Medicine reports To Err is Human and Crossing the Quality Chasm, Keeping Patients Safe lays out guidelines for improving patient safety by changing nurses' working conditions and demands. Licensed nurses and unlicensed nursing assistants are critical participants in our national effort to protect patients from health care errors. The nature of the activities nurses typically perform â€" monitoring patients, educating home caretakers, performing treatments, and rescuing patients who are in crisis â€" provides an indispensable resource in detecting and remedying error-producing defects in the U.S. health care system. During the past two decades, substantial changes have been made in the organization and delivery of health care â€" and consequently in the job description and work environment of nurses. As patients are increasingly cared for as outpatients, nurses in hospitals and nursing homes deal with greater severity of illness. Problems in management practices, employee deployment, work and workspace design, and the basic safety culture of health care organizations place patients at further risk. This newest edition in the groundbreaking Institute of Medicine Quality Chasm series discusses the key aspects of the work environment for nurses and reviews the potential improvements in working conditions that are likely to have an impact on patient safety.

Download or read book Patient Safety Culture written by Patrick Waterson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-10-09 with total page 444 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How safe are hospitals? Why do some hospitals have higher rates of accident and errors involving patients? How can we accurately measure and assess staff attitudes towards safety? How can hospitals and other healthcare environments improve their safety culture and minimize harm to patients? These and other questions have been the focus of research within the area of Patient Safety Culture (PSC) in the last decade. More and more hospitals and healthcare managers are trying to understand the nature of the culture within their organisations and implement strategies for improving patient safety. The main purpose of this book is to provide researchers, healthcare managers and human factors practitioners with details of the latest developments within the theory and application of PSC within healthcare. It brings together contributions from the most prominent researchers and practitioners in the field of PSC and covers the background to work on safety culture (e.g. measuring safety culture in industries such as aviation and the nuclear industry), the dominant theories and concepts within PSC, examples of PSC tools, methods of assessment and their application, and details of the most prominent challenges for the future in the area. Patient Safety Culture: Theory, Methods and Application is essential reading for all of the professional groups involved in patient safety and healthcare quality improvement, filling an important gap in the current market.

Download or read book Patient and Occupational Safety Culture and Working Conditions in Hospitals written by Anke Barbara Wagner and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Background: In previous studies, patient safety culture has often been considered separately from occupational safety culture. In addition, there are few studies that examine both kinds of safety culture in the context of working conditions. The aim of the dissertation was to illustrate the perspectives of nurses and physicians at two German university hospitals on patient safety culture, occupational safety culture and working conditions within four publications. Publications 1-3 were based on survey data from nurses and physicians (n=995), which were gathered in the year 2015 as part of the WorkSafeMed study at two German university hospitals. Methods: In study 1, the perceptions of nurses and physicians on working conditions, patient safety climate and occupational safety climate were assessed and examined with regard to occupational group differences. These differences were determined using a t-test for independent samples. In addition to the p-value (significance), the effect size was also calculated to evaluate the relevance of the results. Study 2 examined the impact of working conditions, patient and occupational safety culture on perceived patient and occupational safety culture from the perspective of physicians and nurses, and whether there are shared predictors for both kinds of safety culture. Regression models for patient safety culture and occupational safety culture were developed and tested. In study 3, results of the survey on working conditions of nurses and physicians from the WorkSafeMed study were compared with the respective reference data (hospital nurses, hospital physicians, general population) from the COPSOQ database (period 2012-2017). For the comparison, the G-COPSOQ scales from the WorkSafeMed study (G-COPSOQ II) were converted to the G-COPSOQ III scales and tested in several statistical analyses. For the comparison with reference data from the COPSOQ database, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed and additionally the effect size was calculated as a measure of relevance. In study 4, an integrative literature review was carried out in addition with the aim of creating an overview of determinants of an occupational safety culture for the hospital setting. In addition to the hospital setting, industrial work areas were integrated to enable a comparison of different settings. A systematic literature search was conducted in four databases in March 2019 considering the PRISMA statement. The search was updated again in April 2020. Results: In study 1, a statistically significant difference with a strong effect size dCohen>.50 was found with regard to the following scales. With respect to patient safety climate, physicians gave a more positive rating than nurses for “staffing” (2.8 vs. 2.4), “management support for patient safety” (3.0 vs. 2.6), and “overall perception of patient safety” (3.3 vs. 2.9). There were less relevant differences with regard to occupational safety climate; nurses rated the index “subjective assessment of occupational safety measures initiated by the employer, related to own safety” more positively than physicians (1.7 vs. 2.0). Nurses rated the following working conditions worse than physicians: “Degree of freedom at work” (36.0 vs. 46.2), “possibilities for development” (71.6 vs. 79.6) and “workplace commitment” (48.4 vs. 61.3). In addition, nurses reported poorer scores for “patient-related burnout” (36.5 vs. 28.0) and “job satisfaction” (67.5 vs. 73.4) compared to physicians. In study 2, “management support for patient safety” (ß=0.24, p≤.001), “staffing” (ß=0.21, p≤.001) and “supervisor support for patient safety” (ß=0.18, p≤.001) were identified by nurses and physicians as significant predictors of perceived patient safety culture. Important predictors for perceived occupational safety culture were “job satisfaction” (ß=0.26, p≤.001), “work-privacy conflict” (ß=-0.19, p≤.001) and “patient-related burnout” (ß=-0.20, p≤.001). The patient safety culture model achieved a high model fit of R2=0.64, while the occupational safety culture model revealed a more moderate model fit of R2=0.27. “Job satisfaction” and leadership (via the two variables “management support for patient safety” and “supervisor support for patient safety”) were identified as overarching shared predictors in both models. In study 3, the following converted G-COPSOQ scales showed a statistically significant difference with a strong effect size dCohen>.50. Nurses from the WorkSafeMed sample rated “social relations” poorer than hospital nurses from the COPSOQ database (39.5 vs. 52.9), but reported a higher “job satisfaction” (66.7 vs. 57.8). Physicians in the WorkSafeMed sample also indicated higher “job satisfaction” compared to hospital physicians in the COPSOQ database (72.7 vs. 62.4). In study 4, 44 studies were included in the integrative literature review. The studies in the hospital sector and in other sectors were classified into seven clusters using a theoretical framework. Determinants of an occupational safety culture in the hospital sector were less represented in the studies compared to other sectors. Discussion: Overall, it was found that nurses rated patient safety climate and working conditions worse than physicians. For both occupational groups, predictors were identified which are important for perceived patient and occupational safety culture. The comparison with reference data enabled a more in-depth and subsequent classification of the results on working conditions in the sense of a benchmark. Furthermore, it became clear that previous studies have not yet comprehensively presented determinants as influencing factors of an occupational safety culture for the hospital sector. Further studies are needed to capture all facets of an occupational safety culture in hospitals. The comprehensive assessment of an occupational safety culture in hospitals can presumably provide implications on how patient and occupational safety culture in hospitals can be jointly developed.

Download or read book Making Healthcare Safe written by Lucian L. Leape and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-05-28 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This unique and engaging open access title provides a compelling and ground-breaking account of the patient safety movement in the United States, told from the perspective of one of its most prominent leaders, and arguably the movement’s founder, Lucian L. Leape, MD. Covering the growth of the field from the late 1980s to 2015, Dr. Leape details the developments, actors, organizations, research, and policy-making activities that marked the evolution and major advances of patient safety in this time span. In addition, and perhaps most importantly, this book not only comprehensively details how and why human and systems errors too often occur in the process of providing health care, it also promotes an in-depth understanding of the principles and practices of patient safety, including how they were influenced by today’s modern safety sciences and systems theory and design. Indeed, the book emphasizes how the growing awareness of systems-design thinking and the self-education and commitment to improving patient safety, by not only Dr. Leape but a wide range of other clinicians and health executives from both the private and public sectors, all converged to drive forward the patient safety movement in the US. Making Healthcare Safe is divided into four parts: I. In the Beginning describes the research and theory that defined patient safety and the early initiatives to enhance it. II. Institutional Responses tells the stories of the efforts of the major organizations that began to apply the new concepts and make patient safety a reality. Most of these stories have not been previously told, so this account becomes their histories as well. III. Getting to Work provides in-depth analyses of four key issues that cut across disciplinary lines impacting patient safety which required special attention. IV. Creating a Culture of Safety looks to the future, marshalling the best thinking about what it will take to achieve the safe care we all deserve. Captivatingly written with an “insider’s” tone and a major contribution to the clinical literature, this title will be of immense value to health care professionals, to students in a range of academic disciplines, to medical trainees, to health administrators, to policymakers and even to lay readers with an interest in patient safety and in the critical quest to create safe care.

Download or read book Patient Safety written by Lorri Zipperer and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2016-05-13 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Patient Safety: Perspectives on Evidence, Information and Knowledge Transfer provides background on the patient safety movement, systems safety, human error and other key philosophies that support change and innovation in the reduction of medical error. The book draws from multidisciplinary areas within the acute care environment to share models that support the proactive changes necessary to provide safe care delivery. The publication discusses how the tenets of safety (described in the beginning of the book) can be actively applied in the field to make evidence, information and knowledge (EIK) sharing processes reliable, effective and safe. This is a wide-ranging and important book that is designed to raise awareness of the latent risks for patient safety that are present in the EIK identification, acquisition and distribution processes, structures, and systems of many healthcare institutions across the world. The expert contributors offer systemic, evidence-based improvement processes, assessment concepts and innovative activities to identify these risks to minimize their potential to adversely impact care. These ideas are presented to create opportunities for the field to design and use strategies that enable meaningful implementation and management of EIK. Their thoughts will enable healthcare staff to see EIK as a tangible element contributing toward sustainable patient safety improvements.

Download or read book Patient Safety and Quality written by Ronda Hughes and published by Department of Health and Human Services. This book was released on 2008 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Nurses play a vital role in improving the safety and quality of patient car -- not only in the hospital or ambulatory treatment facility, but also of community-based care and the care performed by family members. Nurses need know what proven techniques and interventions they can use to enhance patient outcomes. To address this need, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), with additional funding from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, has prepared this comprehensive, 1,400-page, handbook for nurses on patient safety and quality -- Patient Safety and Quality: An Evidence-Based Handbook for Nurses. (AHRQ Publication No. 08-0043)." - online AHRQ blurb, http://www.ahrq.gov/qual/nurseshdbk/

Download or read book Taking the Lead in Patient Safety written by Thomas R. Krause and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-11-05 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by industry professionals: a workplace safety specialist in conjunction with a practicing physician and medical manager. Provides recommendations for assessing hospital safety practices as well as specific suggestions for behavioural interventions. Brings a systematic approach to healthcare safety, identifying common problems through illustrative case studies and offering solutions. Offers several different perspectives including patient safety, doctor safety, and administrator safety.

Download or read book Patient Safety and Health Care Management written by Grant T. Savage and published by Emerald Group Publishing. This book was released on 2008-07-25 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Contains four sections that include, theoretical perspectives on managing patient safety, top management perspectives on patient safety, health information technology perspectives on patient safety, and organizational behavior and change perspectives on patient safety.

Download or read book First Do Less Harm written by Ross Koppel and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2012-04-23 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each year, hospital-acquired infections, prescribing and treatment errors, lost documents and test reports, communication failures, and other problems have caused thousands of deaths in the United States, added millions of days to patients' hospital stays, and cost Americans tens of billions of dollars. Despite (and sometimes because of) new medical information technology and numerous well-intentioned initiatives to address these problems, threats to patient safety remain, and in some areas are on the rise. In First, Do Less Harm, twelve health care professionals and researchers plus two former patients look at patient safety from a variety of perspectives, finding many of the proposed solutions to be inadequate or impractical. Several contributors to this book attribute the failure to confront patient safety concerns to the influence of the "market model" on medicine and emphasize the need for hospital-wide teamwork and greater involvement from frontline workers (from janitors and aides to nurses and physicians) in planning, implementing, and evaluating effective safety initiatives. Several chapters in First, Do Less Harm focus on the critical role of interprofessional and occupational practice in patient safety. Rather than focusing on the usual suspects-physicians, safety champions, or high level management-these chapters expand the list of "stakeholders" and patient safety advocates to include nurses, patient care assistants, and other staff, as well as the health care unions that may represent them. First, Do Less Harm also highlights workplace issues that negatively affect safety: including sleeplessness, excessive workloads, outsourcing of hospital cleaning, and lack of teamwork between physicians and other health care staff. In two chapters, experts explain why the promise of health care information technology to fix safety problems remains unrealized, with examples that are at once humorous and frightening. A book that will be required reading for physicians, nurses, hospital administrators, public health officers, quality and risk managers, healthcare educators, economists, and policymakers, First, Do Less Harm concludes with a list of twenty-seven paradoxes and challenges facing everyone interested in making care safe for both patients and those who care for them.

Download or read book Cultural Safety Healthcare and Vulnerable Populations written by Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-06-14 with total page 122 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Culturally safe healthcare is rapidly challenging previous notions of cultural competency or cultural sensitivity in healthcare provision. The increasing number of vulnerable populations means healthcare must be given by a healthcare provider who has developed a social consciousness in relation to his or her own socio-cultural positioning versus that of the patient. A culturally safe practitioner has engaged in an active examination of the power differences existing in this patient-provider relationship. In this book, Lucy Mkandawire-Valhmu critically analyzes the complex issues affecting the health of vulnerable populations. Written from a critical theoretical perspective she seeks to enhance the ability of the healthcare student to develop a social consciousness about the realities faced by many populations living on the margins of society, and thereafter make an active and conscious decision to engage in culturally safe healthcare and contribute to the elimination of health disparities. Through the application of postcolonial feminist theory this book conceptualizes health as being historically situated in social relations of power and emphasizes health interventions that are potentially empowering, and enhance emancipatory change. Through discussions of health provision for ethnic minorities, immigrant populations, and refugees, the book seeks to provide pragmatic guidance for culturally safe care for a variety of marginalized populations and invites students and professionals to think deeply about the implications of power, culture and health.

Download or read book Video Reflexive Ethnography in Health Research and Healthcare Improvement written by Rick Iedema and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 233 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This innovative, practical guide introduces researchers to the use of the video reflexive ethnography in health and health services research. This methodology has enjoyed increasing popularity among researchers internationally and has been inspired by developments across a range of disciplines: ethnography, visual and applied anthropology, medical sociology, health services research, medical and nursing education, adult education, community development, and qualitative research ethics.

Download or read book Measuring Patient Safety written by Robin Purdy Newhouse and published by Jones & Bartlett Learning. This book was released on 2005 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vital nature of improving patient safety requires nurses to assume leadership roles in measuring and improving the structures, processes, and patient outcomes in the clinical setting. This book will enable them to impact patient safety with knowledge and confidence.