Download or read book Passives Cross linguistically written by Kleanthes K. Grohmann and published by Empirical Approaches to Lingui. This book was released on 2021 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The chapters collected in the volume Passives Cross-Linguistically provide analyses of passive constructions across different languages and populations from the interface perspectives between syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. The contributions are, in principle, all based on the background of generative grammatical theory. In addition to the theoretical contributions of the first part of this volume, all solidly built on rich empirical bases, some experimental works are presented, which explore passives from a psycholinguistic perspective based on theoretical insights. The languages/language families covered in the contributions include South Asian languages (Odia/Indo-Aryan and Telugu/Dravidian, but also Kharia/Austro-Asiatic), Japanese, Arabic, English, German, Modern Greek, and several modern Romance varieties (Catalan, Romanian, and especially southern Italian dialects) as well as Vedic Sanskrit and Ancient Greek"--
Download or read book Passives Cross Linguistically written by and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2021-02-08 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volume Passives Cross-Linguistically provides analyses of passive constructions across different languages and populations from the interface perspectives between syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. In addition to the theoretical contributions, some experimental works are presented, which explore passives from psycholinguistic perspectives.
Download or read book Studies of Passive Clauses written by Paul Martin Postal and published by SUNY Press. This book was released on 1986-01-01 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this work, Paul M. Postal supports the universalist theory of language by examining passive clauses. Contrary to a skeptical tradition, Postal argues that passive clauses are cross-linguistically identifiable and characterizable. This study proposes refinements of the analysis of the natural language grammatical category Passive Clause. These refinements include an account of the notion 'dummy nominal,' central to the analysis of impersonal passive clauses; additions permitting a proper typology of the major known subtypes of Passive Clause; a generalization permitting application to clauses whose subjects are not earlier level direct objects; and, construction of precise rule concepts to represent restrictions on passive clauses. The passive domain supports the universalist approach in three distinguishable ways: (1) by permitting formulation of otherwise apparently unstatable lawful characteristics of all passive structures; (2) by facilitating statement of language-specific passive constraints holding in diverse languages; and, (3) by allowing uniform statement in grammars of recurrent constraints on passives. Each mode of support is applied to actual cases based on material from more than a dozen languages from English and French to Quiche (Mayan) and Chi-Mwi:ni (Bantu).
Download or read book Passives and the Loss of Verb Second written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the fourteenth and fifteenth century, the English language went through two quite remarkable changes: it lost the verb-second (V2) system that is characteristic of many Germanic languages, and it saw the introduction of three cross-linguistically rare passive. This thesis asks whether these two developments are connected, not just because they take place around the same time, but more importantly, because the passive and V2 perform similar information-structural functions in the language. Using this case study, it aims to shed light on the interaction between syntax and information structure. 0The studies in this thesis show that the loss of V2 has larger consequences than just a change in the order of subject and finite verb. After the loss of V2, English gradually becomes a predominantly subject-initial language and the presubject position becomes mostly reserved for contrastive or focused material. It is argued that this new organization of the initial positions in the clause and the importance of the subject as an unmarked theme leads to an increase in 'subject strategies', i.e. means to put an argument in subject position: passives, middles and a range of non-agentive subjects. The loss of V2 also means a reduction of the options for rearranging arguments to achieve a given-before-new order of information, an important cross-linguistic function. The passive remains as one of the few options to achieve this effect and it is argued that this is the reason for the increase in the use of the passive in English after the loss of V2.
Download or read book Theoretical Aspects of Passivization in the Framework of Applicative Grammar written by Jean-Pierre Desclés and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1985-01-01 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Passivization is explained by using the formalism of combinatory logic. The agented passive is derived from the agentless as follows: a term denoting an agent is transposed into a predicate modifier and applied to the passive predicate of the agentless construction. The passive predicate consists of two parts: 1) the two-place converse of the active predicate and 2) a zero unspecified term to which the converse predicate is applied. The passive is not derived from but is related to the active. The modifier of the passive predicate is the functional counterpart of the subject in the active. The proposed hypothesis gives an adequate solution to problems arising from various types of passive constructions. Passivization and antipassivization are defined as instances of a general cross-linguistic process involving conversion.
Download or read book A New Look at the Passive written by Paul Kent Andersen and published by Peter Lang Gmbh, Internationaler Verlag Der Wissenschaften. This book was released on 1991 with total page 188 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A new look at the passive is an investigation of the possibility of establishing a cross-linguistically valid characterization of the passive in terms of its morphological and syntactic properties. When it comes to morphology it is demonstrated that the traditional conception of the morpheme with its emphasis on the relationship between form and meaning must be replaced by a semiotic framework which distinguishes structural and functional properties of morphological categories. The passive is then shown to be a functional property of various, yet distinct morphological categories and not a structural property of a single category; thus the passive cannot be defined as a cross-linguistically valid morphological category. When it comes to syntax it is demonstrated that the passive cannot be defined as a syntactic structure, a syntactic process, nor a means of changing grammatical functions/relations. It is furthermore demonstrated that current typological attempts at defining the passive in terms of a prototype fail to give us a valid characterization of the passive. Finally, it is suggested that the passive can be defined as a complex cognitive structure composed of a number of distinct features, each of which corresponds to the structural meaning/function of those individual morphological categories that are employed in the expression of passive constructions.
Download or read book Developmental Perspectives on the Acquisition of the Passive written by Jean Lenore Crawford and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 486 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Language Typology and Language Universals 2 Teilband written by Martin Haspelmath and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2008-07-14 with total page 1013 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook provides a comprehensive and thorough survey of our current insights into the diversity and unity found across the 6000 languages of this planet. The 125 articles include inter alia chapters on the patterns and limits of variation manifested by analogous structures, constructions and linguistic devices across languages (e.g. word order, tense and aspect, inflection, color terms and syllable structure). Other chapters cover the history, methodology and the theory of typology, as well as the relationship between language typology and other disciplines. The authors of the individual sections and chapters are for the most part internationally known experts on the relevant topics. The vast majority of the articles are written in English, some in French or German. The handbook is not only intended for the expert in the fields of typology and language universals, but for all of those interested in linguistics. It is specifically addressed to all those who specialize in individual languages, providing basic orientation for their analysis and placing each language within the space of what is possible and common in the languages of the world.
Download or read book The Handbook of Korean Linguistics written by Lucien Brown and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2019-02-06 with total page 528 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Handbook of Korean Linguistics presents state-of-the-art overviews of the linguistic research on the Korean language. • Structured to allow a range of theoretical perspectives in addressing linguistic phenomena • Includes chapters on Old Korean and Middle Korean, present-day language policies in North and South Korea, social aspects of Korean as a heritage language, and honorifics • Indispensable and unique resource not only for those studying Korean linguistics but cross-linguistic research in general
Download or read book Non canonical Passives written by Artemis Alexiadou and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume contains a selection of papers dealing with constructions that have a passive-like interpretation but do not seem to share all the properties with canonical passives. The fifteen chapters of this volume raise important questions concerning the proper characterization of the universal properties of passivization and reflect the current discussion in this area, covering syntactic, semantic, psycho-linguistic and typological aspects of the phenomenon, from different theoretical perspectives and in different language families and backed up in most cases by extensive corpora and experimental studies.
Download or read book Linguistic Variation Structure and Interpretation written by Ludovico Franco and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2019-12-16 with total page 733 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this volume scholars honor M. Rita Manzini for her contributions to the field of Generative Morphosyntax. The essays in this book celebrate her career by continuing to explore inter-area research in linguistics and by pursuing a broad comparative approach, investigating and comparing different languages and dialects.
Download or read book Bare Passives and relative Clauses in Be passive Form as Modifiers written by Annika Onken and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008 with total page 33 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,3, University of Münster, 9 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: 1Introduction In order to learn more about the English language and how it is actually used by the native speaker community I am going to investigate the occurrence of bare passives as modifiers and of relative clauses in be-passive form which can be compared to the former in its function as modifier. With help of the queries I will find out how many of these constructions exist in The Penn Treebank and then take a closer look at the beginning of sentences. Which of these two grammatical phenomenon is more frequent at the beginnings of sentences and why? Firstly in this term paper, I will introduce the grammatical phenomenon of the passive voice with its variants 'be-passive', 'get-passive' and 'bare passive' by contrasting it to the active voice. Furthermore I will explain the development of the different queries needed for the research whose findings will be discussed subsequent to that.
Download or read book Passive and perspective written by Louise H. Cornelis and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2022-06-08 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The passive construction in Dutch represents a long-standing problem both in linguistics and in written communications. This book proposes a new analysis of the passive in Dutch, integrating insights from theoretical (especially cognitive) linguistics and rhetoric/composition. The point of departure is the observation that the Dutch passive has a demonstrable perspective effect in texts: the passive discourages identification with the agent, and this in fact is the meaning of the Dutch passive construction. This meaning forms the basis for a solution to a number of text problems, including the problem of how to best use the passive in computer manuals. We can also understand the passive's role in specific texts. For example, it becomes clear why policy paper writers use so many passives. Finally, in one of the case studies it is shown why passives were used differently in the NRC Handelsblad, a Rotterdam daily newspaper, and in the Parool, from Amsterdam, when they both reported that Ajax, Amsterdam's football team, became the national soccer champion.
Download or read book Passive and Voice written by Masayoshi Shibatani and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 1988-01-01 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume brings together 18 original papers dealing with voice-related phenomena.The languages dealt with represent both typological and geographic diversity, ranging from accusative-type languages to ergative-type and Philippine-type languages, and from Australia to Africa and Siberia. The studies presented here open up many possibilities for theorizing and offer data inviting formal treatments, but the most important contribution they make is in terms of the insights they offer for a better understanding of the fundamentals of voice phenomena.
Download or read book Token A Journal of English Linguistics Volume 1 written by Sylwester Łodej and published by Jan Kochanowski University. This book was released on 2012-12-03 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Token focuses on English linguistics in a broad sense, taking in both diachronic and synchronic work, grammatical as well as lexical studies. That being said, the journal favors empirical research. All submissions are double-blind peer reviewed. Token is the original medium of publication for all articles that the journal prints. ISSN 2299-5900
Download or read book Linguistics of Vietnamese written by Daniel Hole and published by Walter de Gruyter. This book was released on 2013-05-28 with total page 316 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present collection of articles grew out of a workshop on Vietnamese linguistics in 2009 at the University of Stuttgart, Germany. To our knowledge, no workshop with a comparable scope has been held outside of Vietnam for the past 20 years, or even longer. Given the important typological status of Vietnamese as a paradigm case of an isolating language, the volume covers the most relevant fields in linguistics: syntax, semantics, phonology, and the lexicon. A guiding principle in assembling the chapters for this volume has been to take an inclusive stance as far as the commitment to different frameworks and research methodologies is concerned. All the contributors are proponents of recent developments in their individual areas of specialization. The editors have taken special care to cater for a readership which should be as broad as possible. This means that each contribution is self-contained and does not presuppose any knowledge of Vietnamese. The volume is recommended to general linguistis, comparative linguists, typologists and to researchers specializing in languages of East and South East Asia.
Download or read book Egyptian Coptic Linguistics in Typological Perspective written by Eitan Grossman and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2014-12-17 with total page 521 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume presents the Egyptian-Coptic language in cross-linguistic (‘typological’) perspective. It is aimed at linguists of all stripes, especially typologists, historical linguists, and specialists in Egyptian-Coptic, Afroasiatic languages, or African languages. Uniquely, the contributions are written by both typologists and experts of Egyptian-Coptic and typologists. The former provide case studies dealing with particular aspects of the various phases of the Egyptian-Coptic language (e.g., COLLIER on conditional constructions), while the latter situate Egyptian-Coptic data in cross-linguistic perspective (e.g., those by GUELDEMANN and GENSLER). The volume also includes an introductory section that includes an overview of the Egyptian-Coptic language (HASPELMATH), a sketch of its sociohistorical setting (GROSSMAN & RICHTER), its relationship with language typology (RICHTER), and the way in which Egyptian-Coptic data should be presented to nonspecialists, focusing on transliteration and glossing (GROSSMAN & HASPELMATH). This is the first book to bring together language typology and the Egyptian-Coptic language in an explicit fashion.
